Iimvavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kohlobo lwe-1 lweswekile
Ukuxilongwa kohlobo lwe-1 lwesifo sikashukela sinokuba yingxaki. Ngaphandle kokuba kukho imbali eyaziwayo yesifo sikashukela kwintsapho, abaninzi abantu abayizi iimpawu kunye neempawu zesifo sikashukela xa zivela kuqala. Ezi zibonakaliso ziyakwazi ukuphosakeka ngegciwane lesisu ngenxa yokuba ukuhlanza kudla rhoqo. Njengoko iimpawu ziqhubeka kwaye ziba nzima, abaninzi abantu bayafuna unyango kwaye ke bafumanisa ukuba bane-type 1 yeswekile.
Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela luya kuthathwa njani?
Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala ngokukhawuleza xa i-pancreas ivala umkhiqizo wayo we- insulin , uninzi lwabantu lufunyaniswa kwisithuba esifutshane ukususela xa iimpawu ziqala. Kwezinye iimeko, kunokuthatha ixesha elide. Ukufumanisa i-diabetes kudinga isampuli yegazi ukulinganisa amazinga e-glucose egazini.
Ziziphi Iimvavanyo Ezisetyenziswayo?
Kukho iimvavanyo ezintathu eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga isifo sikashukela se-1. Uhlobo lovavanyo olusetyenziswayo nawuphi na umntu othile lusekelwe kwimeko kunye nokukhethwa kukagqirha. Ezi mvavanyo zi:
Ukuzila ukutya kweGlucose yegazi (i-FBG)
Kuvavanyo lwe-FBG, isampuli yegazi ifumaneka emva kwexesha lokuzila ukutya ubuncinane iiyure ezisibhozo. Oku kuthethi akukho ukutya okanye isiselo (ngaphandle kwamanzi) kuthathwa emva kobusuku bobusuku phambi kovavanyo. Isampuli yegazi idlalwa ngokukhawuleza kusasa ngaphambi kokuba nidle ukutya okanye iziyobisi ezisetyenziswayo. Ukuba iziphumo zolu vavanyo zibonisa ukuba i-glucose yokufunda i-126 mg / dl okanye ngaphezulu ibonisa isifo sikashukela.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, kuyafuneka ukuba uphinde uphinde uvavanywe okwesibini ngosuku. Ukutya i-glucose amazinga ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kwe-70 ukuya kwi-110 mg / dl kumntu onesifo sikashukela. Uvavanyo lwe-FBG luvavanyo oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziswayo lokufumanisa i-diabetes.
IGlucose yegazi
Kwi-test yegazi ye-glucose yegazi, i-sampuli yegazi iphinda ivivinywe ukulinganisa i-glucose yakho kodwa akukho nto ingqalelo xa udla isidlo sakho sokugqibela.
Izinga le-glucose elingaphezu kwama-200 mg / dl libonisa ukuba unesifo sikashukela.
Olu luvavanyo olukhethiweyo lwe-glucose olusetyenziswa kwiimeko eziphuthumayo zonyango xa umntu (ngokuqhelekileyo engumntwana) unamazinga aphezulu e-glucose anokuthi aqhubekele kwisifo sesifo sikashukela. Ngethuba lemizuzu yokusebenzisa olu vavanyo, abasebenzi bezonyango banokumisela ukuba i-glucose ingakanani egazini kwaye isebenze i-insulin ukuba uhlobo lwe-1 lwe-diabetes luqinisekiswe njengolu xilongo.
Uvavanyo lwe-Glucose Ukunyamezela Ukunyamezela (OGTT)
Uvavanyo lovavanyo, olubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lomlingo lwe-glucose ukunyamezela, luhluke kwezinye ezimbini kuba uceliwe ukuba uphuze isiphuzo soshukela njengendlela yokujonga indlela i-pancreas yakho inokulawula ngayo i-glucose oyithathayo. Ngaphambi kokuba uphuze isiselo, isantya sokuzila i-blood glucose ithathwa. Emva koko usela isiselo kunye neeyure ezimbini ezizayo, amazinga e-blood glucose athathwe rhoqo ngemizuzu engama-30. Kumntu onesifo sikashukela, amazinga e-glucose aphakama kwaye awa ngokukhawuleza kuba umzimba uvelisa i-insulin ngokunyanisekileyo ukunciphisa i-glucose yegazi. Ngokwahlukileyo, umntu onesifo sikashukela se-1 uza kubona ukuphakama okukhawulezayo kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu elikhuseleyo le-glucose ngenxa yokuba i-pancreas ayikwazi ukuhambisa i-insulin efunekayo ukunciphisa i-glucose egazini.
Ukuba igazi lakho i-glucose kwiimpawu ezimbini zeeyure ezimbini lingaphantsi kwe-140 mg / dl, ishukela lakho legazi libhekwa njengeqhelekileyo.
Ukufunda okungaphezu kwama-200 mg / dl emva kwexesha elifanayo libonisa isifo sikashukela. Ukuba amazinga e-glucose aphezulu kunama-200 mg / dl, uvavanyo lufanele luphindwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngosuku olulodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
A1c (iHemoglobin A1c) Uvavanyo
Uvavanyo lwe- hemoglobin A1c luye lwaba ngumlinganiselo wokulawula ixesha elide lamanqanaba e-glucose kwigazi. Kodwa ngowama-2010, uMbutho waseSydidabesisi waseMelika uncomele ukuba uvavanyo lusetyenziswe njengenye indlela yokufumanisa i-diabetes ne-prediabetes. Nangona ukusebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-A1c luya kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukuxilonga uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela se-2 , kuyafaneleka ukuba sikhulume apha kuba singasetyenziselwa ukuxilonga uhlobo lwe-1.
Xa iziphumo zokuvavanya i-glucose kwi-A1c yesilinganiso se-6.5 ekhulwini okanye ngaphezulu kwi-hemoglobin yegazi, kuthathwa njengesifo sesifo sikashukela. Iintlobo zokusebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-A1c phezu kwe-plasma glucose kukuba kuthatha ixesha elincinane kwaye lilungele ngakumbi kunomlomo we-glucose ukunyamezela ukuvavanya kwaye akudingi ukuzila ukudla ngaphambi kokuvavanywa.
Eminye imvavanyo ingenziwa (njenge-thyroid) ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho naziphi na ezinye iziza-mzimba ezikhoyo. Kuzo zonke izi mvavanyo ukunika iziphumo ezinokwethenjelwa, kufuneka ukhululeke kwiintsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane kwaye ungathathi amachiza anokuchaphazela i-blood glucose yakho.
Imithombo:
> I-American Diabetes Association. Iingcebiso zonyango: 2002. Ukuhlolwa kwesifo sikashukela. Uncedo lweSwekile. 2002; 25: 21S
> I-American Diabetes Association. I-American Diabetes Association yeNew Clinical Practice Recommendations Ukukhuthaza i-A1C njengovavanyo lweSifo sokuSifo seswekile.
> Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela. I-National Clearinghouse yoLwazi lweSizwe. http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/diagnosis/index.htm