Isifo esingenzi-mali sisisifo apho isistim somzimba sakho (esivame ukuhlasela iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane kunye nabanye abahlaseli bangaphandle) ijolise ama-tissue enempilo emzimbeni. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-immune system ephosakeleyo kukukhokelela ekuvukeleni kunye neempawu ezahlukahlukeneyo ezisekelwe kuzo iziphi iziko zomzimba ezichaphazelekayo.
Izifo eziVimbelayo ngokuqhelekileyo
Irheumatoid arthritis
I-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) yimeko ebuhlungu, ekhubazayo ekujoliswe kuyo, njengamadolo, amaqatha, okanye amahlombe. Ngokwempawu, kukho inxalenye engaphezu kwesinye echaphazelekayo, kwaye kukho ukubandakanya okulinganayo, oku kuthetha ukuba amaqumrhu kwicala ngalinye lomzimba joliswe.
Ngoxa amaqabane ezandla okanye iinyawo zakho ziqheleke ngokugqithisa ubudala, iimpawu ze-RA zihlukile . Esikhundleni sezinto eziqhelekileyo, umntu ufumana ukuvuvukala, ukuqina, kunye nokukhubazeka kunye nokungasebenzi kwamalungu athe ahlaselwa kumzimba womzimba.
Unyango lwe-arthritis ye-rheumatoid (kunye ne-anti- inflammories , i- DMARD , kunye / okanye i- biologics ) ijolise ekunqandeni ukuvuvukala, ukuphazamisa iimpawu, nokuphucula ukusebenza kwansuku zonke.
Isifo sokugubhuka
Ukujolisa inkqubo ye-nervous central, i- multiple sclerosis (MS) yinto engalindelekanga, ngezinye izifo ezikhubazayo apho isistim somzimba sakho sokuhlasela sikhusela umkhuhlane wesifo somnyoba.
Njengoko lesi sigxina esinamanqatha, esibizwa ngokuthi i-myelin, sitshabalaliswa, kukho ukuphazamiseka ekunxibelelaneni phakathi komzimba kunye nengqondo kunye nomgudu womgudu. Abantu abane-MS banokuba nemiqondiso eyahlukeneyo kuxhomekeka kwimimandla yenkqubo ye-nervous central echaphazelekayo. Izimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka iingxaki zombono, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo njengobungqingili kunye nokubetha, ukukhathala, imiba ye-bladder, ukuhamba okungaqhelekanga kunye nentlungu.
Isizathu se-MS, njengezinye ezininzi izifo ezizimele, azihlali. Nangona kunjalo, i-MS ikholelwa ukuba iyaxhalabisa abantu abanokukhubazeka abanokuhlangabezana neemeko zokusingqongileyo.
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba i- MS yokuguqula izifo , ngelixa ingaphilwanga, iyatshintsha ubuso be-MS ngokunciphisa isifo somntu. Ngoko, ukulinda ubomi kunye nomgangatho wobomi kuye kwaqhubeka kuphuculwe ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye ikamva lihlala likhanya.
Uhlobo lweSwekile 1 iMellitus
Xa iiseli ezivelisa i-insulini yepakreta zichithelwa yimpendulo engenazo iimpawu, uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela se-sell isisiphumo.
I-insulin i-hormone esetyenziswe ngumzimba ukugcina amanqanaba eneshukela egazini. Xa ushukela wegazi, okanye i-glucose, amanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu, umonakalo kwiintso, amehlo, imithwalo yegazi kunye nezinye izitho zingabangela.
Ngokwe-American Diabetes Association, uhlobo lwe-1 lweswekile luchaphazela malunga nama-5 ekhulwini labantu base-United States abanesifo sikashukela (esincinane kakhulu kune-2 yesi-diabetes).
Ngokwonyango, uhlobo lwe-1 lweswekile lufuna amaqhinga okulawula ubomi (njengokuthatha iintsholongwane zansuku zonke zentsholongwane, ipeni, okanye ipompo) ukugcina impilo kunye nokuphepha komzimba.
Kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba izihlobo eziseduze zomntu onesifo sikashukela se-1 zinomngcipheko ophezulu wokuphuhlisa eso sifo.
Ngethamsanqa, uphando luqhubeka ukuchonga amaqhinga okuthintela amalungu omndeni engozini.
Izifo ezithintekayo zezifo
Izifo zesibindi ezivuthayo (IBD), eziquka isifo sikaCrohn kunye nesifo sezilonda zesilonda, sibhekisela ekuvukeleni okungapheliyo kwindlela yokugaya. Nangona isifo sikaCrohn sinokubangela ukuvuvukala emlonyeni ukuya kwi-anus, ukuvuvukala kwi-ulcerative colitis kuphazamisa amathumbu amakhulu (abizwa ngokuba yi-colon) kunye ne-rectum.
Iimpawu zokuvuvuka okungapheli okubangelwa yi-IBD inokubandakanya uhudo, iintlungu zesisu, izithambo zamanzi, ukulahleka kwesisindo kunye nokukhathala.
Kukho iintlobo zamachiza asetyenziswa ukuphatha i-IBD, kuquka i-corticosteroids kunye neklasi elitsha lamachiza ebizwa ngokuthi "i-biologics." Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, kufuneka utyando lokususa indawo ezonakalisiweyo zendlela yokugaya.
Lupus Erythematosus
I-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) sisifo esizimeleyo esisithintela amalungu amaninzi emzimbeni njengelusu, amaqhina, kunye nezintso, ezibangela iimpawu ezininzi ezifana nokukhathala, ukuxhala, kunye nentlungu.
Ubuninzi buphezulu kumabhinqa ekukhuliseni iminyaka, kodwa inokuchaphazela amadoda okanye amabhinqa kunoma yiphi ubudala. I-SLE ixhaphakile nakwabantu base-Afrika-baseMelika, amaAsia, ama-Hispanics kunye namaMerika aseMerika.
Unyango lwe-SLE luquka iindlela zokuphila ezifana nokukhuselwa kwelanga, ukutya ukutya okunokulinganisela, nokuyeka ukutshaya, kunye namayeza afana ne-anti-malarial agents, i-corticosteroids, kunye neziyobisi ezingenakuxilonga.
Psoriasis
I-Psoriasis iyenzeka xa i-immune system ithumela ngokugqithiseleyo iimpawu zokukhupha iiseli ukuba zikhule ngokukhawuleza. Kukho iindlela ezininzi ze-psoriasis, eyona yinto eqhelekileyo ibe yi-plaque psoriasis, eyaziwayo ngokuphakanyiswayo (okuqhelekileyo kuluhlaza) amabala obomvu okubizwa ngokuba ngama-plaque aqhelekileyo amaninzi emadolweni, e-back back, e-scalp, nase-elbows.
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokonyango ze-psoriasis , kuxhomekeka ngobunzima, kubandakanywa iziyobisi zamachiza, amayeza kunye nokunyanga okulula. Kubalulekile ukukhenkcelela, kwaye uphathe, uhlobo oluthile lwe-arthritis, olubizwa ngokuba yi- psoriatic arthritis .
Ukuzibulala ngokuzenzekelayo izifo zeTyroid
Isifo se-thyroid ngokuzenzekelayo sibhekisela ekubhujisweni, okanye ekukhuthazeni, izicubu ze-thyroid ngamasosha omzimba. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini: iHashimoto's thyroiditis (hypothyroidism) kunye nesifo se-Graves (hyperthyroidism).
Iimpawu zozo zombini le meko ziyiyona nto kwaye ziyakhula ngokukhawuleza, okanye emva kwexesha. Ezinye iimpawu zezi zifo zibandakanya ukwesaba, ukukhathala, ukunyamezela kubanda okanye ukushisa, utshintsho lweenwele, kunye nokufumana ubunzima okanye ukulahleka. Ukugqithiswa kweempawu kunokubangela ukuba abantu baxakeke babone ugqirha wabo, kodwa ukuxilongwa kwezimo ze-thyroid kungenziwa kunye nokuhlolwa kweklinikhi, iimvavanyo zegazi kunye neemvavanyo zokucinga.
Kwizigulane ezine-thyroid ezingasebenzi, i- thyroid ye-hormone i-substitution medication isetyenziswa ngelixa unyango lwe-thyroid elixhatshazelisayo luquka ukusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana ze-antithyroid okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwegciwane le-thyroid ngokusebenzisa utyando okanye i-iodine ye-iodine.
ILizwi
Ngezifo ezingaphezu kwama-80 ezizimeleyo ezichongiweyo ukuza kube yimini, abaphandi bazama kanzima ukuba baqonde kangcono "ukuba kutheni" emva kwezi zimo ezihlaselayo, ngaphezu kokuqulunqa amatsha, uphuculo lwezilwanyana.
Ukuba wena okanye othandekayo unesifo sokuzimela, qhubeka ufumana ulwazi kwaye uzama ukuziphatha ngendlela enempilo yokuziphatha, njengokutya okunomsoco, ukuzisebenzisa nokulawula uxinzelelo lwakho.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Academy yeDermatology. (2018). Psoriasis.
> I-American Diabetes Association. (nd). Umcebisi weSwekile. Uhlobo lweSwekile 1.
> IArthritis Foundation. (nd). Yintoni i-Rheumatoid Arthritis?
> Crohn's and Colitis Foundation. (2014). Iimfundiso Eziphathelele Izifo Zengqondo Ezivuthayo.
> Maidhof W, Hilas O. Lupus: Isiqulatho esiphezulu seZifo kunye neCandelo loLawulo. Ngomhla ka- 2012 kuMeyi; 37 (4): 240-46, 249.