Ingqwalasela yeMpilo Yamehlo
Amehlo akho iifestile zakho kwihlabathi. Amehlo nempilo enempilo yenza ukuba ukwazi ukubona nokuzonwabisa kwihlabathi elikujikelezayo. Xa ucinga oko kuthatha ukugcina umzimba wakho uphilile, izinto ezifana nokutya kunye nokuzivocavoca mhlawumbi ziza engqondweni. Kodwa kuthathe ukuthini ukuba nombono onempilo? Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba nempilo enempilo?
> Jonga i-anatomy yelihlo.
Yintoni eyenza Amehlo aphile
Amehlo enempilo yamehlo abonayo ngokucacileyo kwaye akanakho ukucaphuka okubonakalayo okanye isifo.
Kodwa nangona ucinga ukuba ubona okusemandleni akho kwaye amehlo akho akanayo impawu ezibonakalayo zezifo, azinokuba ziphilile njengokuba zikhona. Ingqondo yomntu iyamangalisa ngokumangalisayo ekubambeni iingxaki ezincinane zembono. Ngokomzekelo, ingqondo yakho inokubuyisela ingxaki encinane yombono kwiso lakho lasekunene ngokukusebenzisa iliso lakho lasekhohlo ngaphezulu.
Esi sizathu sokuba kutheni ukuhlolwa kwamehlo kubaluleke kangaka, ngakumbi kubantwana abancinci abangenakukwazi ukumahluko ekuboniseni okanye ngokucacileyo.
Xa ugqirha weliso libukeka emehlweni akho, unokukwazi ukuba ubona okusemandleni akho, kwaye ukuba amehlo akho aphelelwe sisifo esenokubangela ukulahleka kombono kwixesha. Ngethuba lokuhlolwa kwamehlo, ugqirha weliso lenza iimvavanyo eziliqela ezilula ukufumanisa ukuba iindawo eziphambili zamehlo akho zisebenzisana ngokuchanekileyo nangokuchanekileyo ngokwaneleyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubona umhlaba wakho ngombono ongcono.
Ziziphi Iimpawu Zempilo Yelanga?
Ukunyamekela amehlo akho kuya kubanceda bahlale bephilile baze bancede ukugcina umbono omhle kwiminyaka. Njengoko ubudala, amehlo akho nombono uya kutshintsha. Kubalulekile ukufumana ukunakekelwa kwamehlo oluntu, kubandakanywa uphando lweziliso, ukuhlolisisa izifo zesohlo kwangoko ukukhusela ukulahleka kombono.
Ukunyamekela kwamehlo akho kuquka ukukhusela amehlo akho kwi-UV ray kunye nokutya ukutya okunempilo. Ukutya okucebileyo kwi-lutein kunye ne-omega-3s kukunceda ukukhusela kwisifo sengo.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, imbali yentsapho yakho iya kugqithisa impilo yakho kwamehlo ngeendlela ezithile. Ukuba nembali yentsapho yeso sifo ikubeka kumngcipheko ophezulu wokuphuhlisa eso sifo. Qinisekisa ukuba ugqirha wakho wezilwanyana uyazi ngembali yakho epheleleyo yonyango.
Kutheni Ufuna I-Eye Exam
Ukucwangcisa ukuhlolwa kwamehlo yonyaka ngenye yezinyathelo ezibalulekileyo ongayenza ekukhuseleni amehlo kunye nombono. Umbono ngenye yezinto zethu ezinqabileyo, kodwa umboniso kunye nokunyamekelwa kwamehlo kudlalwa phantsi. Amehlo anika iingcebiso malunga nempilo yethu yonke, njengoko umfundi odibeneyo angabonisa ukuba khona kweengxaki ezingafumaneki kuwo wonke umzimba. Ugqirha wamehlo unokufumanisa iingxaki zamehlo kwizigaba zabo zokuqala, kukunika ixesha lokunyangwa ngaphambi kokuba umonakalo omkhulu uvele emehlweni akho. Iimviwo zamehlo rhoqo zinika ugqirha lakho kweso ithuba lokukunceda ukulungisa okanye ukuvumelanisa nokuguquka kwombono njengoko udala.
Yintoni eyenzekayo kwi-Eye Exam?
Ngethuba lokuhlolwa kwamehlo okugqithiseleyo, ugqirha wakho wezilwanyana uya kwenza iimvavanyo kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ukujonga umboniso wakho kunye nempilo yonke yamehlo akho. Uvavanyo olunzulu lwamehlo lithatha malunga neyure kwaye kufuneka luqulethwe lulona lulandelayo lulandelayo:
- Ubungqina bobuboniso : Uvavanyo olubonakalayo lwezinto ezibonakalayo luyindlela ebonakala ngayo. Ugqirha lakho lombono liza kukucela ukuba ufunde iileta kwitekdi ngelixa umile amawaka angama-20. Iileta ezincinci kakhulu okwazi ukuzenza ziya kubhalwa njengezinto ezibonakalayo. Uvavanyo olubonakalayo lwezinto ezibonakalayo luvavanyo olulula, kodwa olunamandla kakhulu. Nangona kukho ezinye iimeko ezininzi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe, ukusondeza komntu okubonakalayo kwinto eqhelekileyo okanye kwi-20/20, iliso lomntu liphilileyo.
- Ukujongana neenkalo zoMboniso : I-confrontation field view is fast check of your field field of vision, kubandakanywa nombono wakho ophakathi kunye nomda (wembambano). Ugqirha wakho weziliso okanye ochwephezi uza kuhlala phambi kwakho kwaye akucele ukuba ugubungele iliso elinye ngelixa uthabatha inxaxheba ekuvavanyeni. Iziphumo zentsebenziswano kwintsimi ebonakalayo ngethuba ngamanye amaxesha ibonakalisa iingxaki kwinkqubo yakho yegazi.
- Iimvalo ezongezelelekileyo : Olu vavanyo lusetyenziswa iimisipha ezilawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo akho. Ngokuqhelekileyo uvavanyo olulula luqhutyelwa ngokuhambisa ipeni okanye into encinci kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokujonga. Izithintelo, ubuthathaka, okanye ukulandelelana kakubi kwezinto ezibonakalayo kunokufunyanwa.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Pupillary : Ukuphendula kwe-Pupillary (indlela abafundi bakho abayiphakamisa ngayo kunye nokukhawuleza ekuphenduleni ukukhanya) kunokubonisa ezininzi malunga nempilo yonke yamehlo akho nomzimba wakho. Impendulo ethile yepupillary ingabonakalisa iingxaki zeengxaki zegazi, kuquka neemeko ezinzulu.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Cover : Uvavanyo lokuvavanya lusetyenziswa njani kakuhle amehlo akho. Uvavanyo lokuvavanya luvavanyo olulula apho ugqirha ekucela ukuba ulungise kwindawo esondele okanye ede. Ufihla iliso elinye, ikhefu, kwaye liyivula. Uvavanya iso lakho njengoko lifunyanwe, njengoko lilungelelanisa ekujoliswe kuyo. Uvavanyo lokubaluleka lubalulekile ekufumaneni iingxaki zesisu ezinjenge- esotropia , iliso eliwela kuyo, okanye i- exotropia , iliso elimangalisa ngaphandle.
- I-Retinoscopy : I-Retinoscopy ngumvavanyo onika ugqirha wakho wezilwanyana indlela yokulinganisa ukukhishwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukwenza ekuqaleni kweemviwo, i-retinoscopy inikezela ugqirha wakho indawo yokuqala ukuba uqikelele umyalelo wakho weiglasi , ukuba kuyimfuneko. I-Retinoscopy yinto yokuvavanya kwinjongo, engayifuni igalelo elikhulu kwisigulane.
- Ukugxeka : Abantu abaninzi bakhumbula ukukhutshwa njengengxenye yolu vavanyo apho ugqirha abuza khona isigulane, "Yiyiphi i-lens engcono, enye okanye ezimbini?" Ukuqhathaniswa kukuvavanya ukuvavanya ukulinganisa iimpazamo ekukhutshweni, ezifana nokujonga kwangaphambili , ukujonga phambili , i- astigmatism , okanye i- presbyopia .
- Uvavanyo lweLamp Lampula : Oogqirha bamajoni basebenzisa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba sisibane lesibindi , esibizwa ngokuba yi-biomicroscope, ukuhlolisisa phambili (inxalenye yangaphandle) kunye nomva (inxalenye engezantsi) inxalenye yeso lakho. Oku kukuhlalutya impilo yonke yelihlo lakho.
- I-Tonometry : I-Tonometry yilinganiso yeengcinezelo zeso lakho, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-IOP, okanye uxinzelelo lwe-intraocular . Ugqirha lakho kwamehlo liza kufaka i-dropest of anesthetics kwiso lakho. Uya kuthi ke abeke umncinci we-fluorescein (idayi ephuzi). Isixhobo esincinane esibizwa ngokuba yi tonometer sisuswe kufuphi neliso lakho ukuze sichukumise ngenyameko i-cornea, ukulinganisa ingcinezelo kweso lakho.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Dilated Fundus : Uviwo oluxilisiweyo lwe-fundus luqhelekileyo inyathelo lokugqibela kwiimviwo zamehlo. Ugqirha lakho kwamehlo liza kulawula iliso elithile elincinci ukuze linciphise abafundi bakho. Oku kwandisa ubungakanani bomfundi wakho, unike ugqirha wakho i window ekhudlwana apho uhlolisise khona impilo yangaphakathi yamehlo. Ugqirha uyakwazi ukuhlola i-vitreous, nertic optics, imithana yegazi, i-macula, kunye ne-retina. Olu luvavanyo oluqhelekileyo luza nesipho: iibhola zezilwanyana ezilahlayo, onokuzifuna njengoko amehlo akho angakukhathalela ukukhanya kancinci. Qaphela: Awukwazi ukuqhuba idini elifutshane emva kolu vavanyo.
Izizathu ezi-3 eziphezulu zokuba novavanyo lweehlo
- Ukuvavanya Ubungqina Bakho Bobuboniso : Imfuno yakho yonyango kufuneka ihlolwe rhoqo ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ubunzima bakho obubonakalayo bubona buhle kakhulu. Iintsuku ezinomsindo okanye ukukhathala okuqhelekileyo kubangelwa ngokugqithiseleyo okanye ngaphantsi kwezilungiso zomyalelo wakho.
- Ukujonga Iimpawu Zeso : ezininzi izifo zamehlo ezinzulu azinaso iimpawu. I-Glaucoma yiso sifo esibangela ukulahleka kombono kwaye eyaziwa ngokuba yi "isela lokuqhawula amehlo." Imiqathango enjenge- macular degeneration okanye i- cataracts ikhula ngokuthe ngcembe kangangokuthi ungaziqondi nokuba umbono wakho wehle. I-retinopathy ye-diabetes yimeko engakhula kwizigulana zesifo sikashukela. Ukufumanisa kwangaphambili kwezi zifo kunye nezinye izifo zamehlo kubalulekile ukugcina umbono ophilileyo.
- Ukutyhila iingxaki eziphuhlisayo: Iingxaki zombono ezingaqinisekanga kubantwana zivame ukubangela ubunzima bokufunda nokufunda, nokuba negalelo kwezinye iingxaki zezokwelapha ezifana ne-dyslexia ne-ADD. Umbono ongabonakaliyo kubantwana unokubangela ukuba i- amblyopia (iliso elivila) okanye i-strabismus (ilungu elijikelezayo), elingabangela ukulahlekelwa kwimbono engapheliyo xa kungaphathwa kakubi kwasekuseni ebomini.
Ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lubonakalisa ingxaki yeso
Ukuba ugqirha lakho kwamehlo lifumanisa ingxaki ngamehlo okanye umbono wakho, uya kwaziswa ngokukhawuleza. Kwiimeko zeengxaki zembono ezincinci okanye izifo zesohlo ezilula, ugqirha wakho wezilwanyana uya kukwazi ukuphatha ingxaki ngaloo mini. Ukuba kukho ingxaki enkulu, kuya kwenzeka ukuba uya kuqeshanyelwa kwakhona ukuba uphinde uvavanywe ngolunye usuku.
ILizwi
Ukufunyaniswa ukuba unezifo zamehlo kunokukhathazeka kakhulu kwaye kukuphazamisekile. Nangona kunokuba nzima, yenza konke okusemandleni akho ukuqonda ngakumbi ngesifo. Ukufunda indlela yokulawula eso sifo nendlela yokuhlangabezana nokulahlekelwa kombono onokuthi kunokwenzeka kunokunceda ukhulule ukwesaba kwakho.
Ubungakanani bombono olahlekileyo obuthathaka buyahlukahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwi-diagnostic. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiyiphi i-diagnostic oyifumanayo, unokufumana iindlela zokuthatha umthwalo wakho kwimbono kunye nempilo yamehlo. Ungalokothi uloyike ukucela uncedo kwabanye kwaye ukhumbule ukuhlala ulungile. Yazi ukuba imingeni ingavela, kodwa uya kuba nako ukujongana nabo xa ulungele.
> Imithombo:
> Ukugcina Umbono Wakho. Iwebhusayithi yezempilo ye-NIH.
> Umgangatho oqhelekileyo Uphuhliso lwabadala phantsi ko-40. I-American Academy ye-Ophthalmology website.
> Iingcebiso ezilula zeeMpilo eziMpilo. Kwiwebhusayithi yeSizwe yeSizwe Yamehlo