Ukuwela kweMihlo
Ukugqithisa okungapheliyo kwamehlo angaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-5 kuvamile. Nangona kunjalo, ukuwela rhoqo kwamehlo kunokukhathazeka. Xa iliso liwela ngaphakathi ngaphakathi libizwa ngokuba yi-esotropia. U-Esotropia luhlobo lwe-strabismus. "Eso" kuthetha ukujika ngaphakathi ekhaleni. I-esotropia inokuvela kwiso linye nje okanye enye enye phakathi kwamehlo. Akunqabile ukuba bobabili amehlo bawele ngelo xesha.
Izizathu
Isizathu sesototysi sincike xa senziwa okokuqala. Kubantu abadala, ukuvela ngokukhawuleza kwe-esotropia kunokuba ngumqondiso wesimo esibi kakhulu. Kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abaselula, isotropia ibonisa ukuba uphuhliso olungavumelekanga lwenkqubo ye-binocular eyenza ingqondo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye izizathu. Ngezantsi kweenyanga ezi-4 ukuya kwe-5 ubudala, ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kuqhelekileyo kwaye kuyisimboli sokufunda indlela yokusebenzisa amehlo ndawonye njengenkqubo. Ezinye iintsana kunye namaqela angamalungu angaba neengcambu. Le yimeko apho ibhuloho yempumlo ayinakuliswa ngokupheleleyo okanye iyaphilile ngaphezu kokuqhelekileyo. Ezi zincwadana zine "i-fold-fold folds" ezenza ukuba kubonakale ukuba iliso lijika kancane. Njengoko usana lukhula, oku kubonakala kuhamba kwaye amehlo abo avela eqhelekileyo.
Iintlobo
I-esotropia yesibongo: I-congotital esotropia yintlobo ye-esotropia eyenziwa yiintsana. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa i-wiring engavumelekanga yentsholongwane okanye uphuhliso olungavumelekanga kwimimandla yengqondo.
I-esotropia yesibindi esivumelekileyo ibonakala iqala kakhulu phakathi kweenyanga ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4 kwaye ubungakanani bokuphambuka okanye iso liphendulela kakhulu.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iintsana ezinesifo se-esotropia eseneminyaka engama-20 ubudala asikwazi ukuba neyona nto ininzi okanye ingabonwa . Kunoko kubangelwa ukuphuhliswa okungavumelekanga kwenkqubo ye-binocular.
Indlela efanelekileyo yokulungisa i-esotropia yokuzalwa yintliziyo yindlela yokuhlinzwa. Utyando alujolise ekunikezeni indlela yokuba amehlo asebenze ndawonye ngendlela eqhelekileyo kodwa kunokuba alungise ukuphambuka ukuba abe nomboniso ococekileyo. Amehlo asenakusebenza ngokuphelelanayo, kodwa umntwana uya kuba nokubonakala kwincithakalo.
I-esotropia yokuhlala : I- esotropia yokuhlala ifumaneka malunga no-2 ubudala. Ngokuqhelekileyo ibangelwa yinkinga ngeendlela ezimbini ezilawula imizimba yezamehlo kunye nemali amehlo ethu agxile kuyo. Inkqubo yokuhlala (kugxininisa inkqubo) ivumela amehlo ethu ukuba ashintshe amandla kwaye agxininise ukuze izinto zihlale zicacile kungakhathaliseki ukuba umgama. Inkqubo ye-binocular / alignment ilawula indlela amehlo ethu asebenza ngayo. Xa sibheke kude, amehlo ethu alungile. Xa sibona into esondele kakhulu, amehlo ethu ajika okanye aphendule kwaye amehlo ethu akhulisa amandla abo agxininisa. Xa sibheke emuva kumgama, siyaziphucula amandla ethu okugxila kwaye amehlo abuye aphinde aphendule.
Abantwana abaselula banamanani amaninzi okugxila. Ngenxa yoko, xa umntwana enesibalo esikhulu kakhulu sokungaqondakali, umntwana uzama ukwenza izinto zicaciswe ngokugxininisa ngokugqithiseleyo. Ukufezekisa oko, kufuneka bagxininise kakhulu ukuhlawulela ingxaki engabonakaliyo yombono.
Xa bagxininisa oku, iifayili kunye neendlela ezijolise kuzo ziqala ukufumana iimpawu ezixubekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iliso elinye liya kuphendulela. Yintoni eqhuba ukugxininisa inkqubo ibuye ithumele iimpawu kwiimisipha zamehlo ukuguqula amehlo ngaphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, xa kufuneka bagxininise oku, iimpawu ezingavumelekanga ziya kwiimisipha zamehlo kwaye elinye iliso liyajika kwaye liwela. Abanye abantwana abanakho ukuhlawula kwaye amehlo abo akayi kuvula, kodwa baya kuba nempembelelo kakhulu kuba bengagqithanga. Ingqondo yabo ikhetha ukugcina izihlunu zichanekile, kodwa zibona umfanekiso ogqithisileyo.
Iingxaki
I-Amblyopia : I-amblyopia yinkinga yokuphuhliswa ngokuqhelekileyo enxulumene ne-esotropia.
U-Amblyopia ngumqathango owenzekayo xa omnye okanye zombini amehlo engaboni mfanekiso ocacileyo. Ukuba umfanekiso awubonakali ngokucacileyo ixesha elide elaneleyo, ukulahleka kombono ongapheliyo unokukhula. Kwi-esotropia, iliso elinye linokuguqulwa. Xa iliso liphendukile, ingqondo ikhupha okanye iyayigatya umfanekiso obonayo. Ngaphandle koko, umntu onesifo se-esotropia uya kubona kabini rhoqo. Ukuba ingqondo igxininisa iliso rhoqo, inkqubo yokuqhelaniswa yenkqubo ye-neurologic yabantu iphazamiseka kwaye iphoswe ngokungalunganga. Inkqubo yegazi ye-neurologic "yiplastiki" kakhulu kuneminyaka engama-7 kwaye abanye abaphandi bathi ukususela kwiminyaka eyi-14. Emva kweminyaka eyi-14, ubuchopho kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous iba yinkimbinkimbi kwaye kunzima ukuphucula umboniso. Ngoko ke, unyango lokuqala lubalulekile. Ukuba unyango olushushu luqala kwasebuncinaneni, ukuphucula kumbono kunokwenzeka.
Ukungabikho kwengqiqo yokwenene : Abantu kunye nezilwanyana banombono ophezulu ngenxa yokuba banamehlo amabini. Ukugqithisa ngokubanzi amehlo esilwanyana, ukuqonda okucace ngakumbi. Xa iliso elinye litshintshile okanye likhutshwe, umntu ono-esotropia ubona kuphela ngeliso elinye. Nangona kukho iingcamango zokusingqongileyo ukugweba ubunzulu, ukuqonda kwangokwenyaniso kwancipha. Abantu abane-esotropia banexesha elinzima ukubukela imifanekiso emithathu kunye neepuzzle. Oku kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwezemidlalo okanye ukusebenza komsebenzi wesikhathi esizayo.
> Umthombo:
> Ukulawulwa kweeklinikhi kwembono yombonakalo. Inkqubela yesithathu. > Shieman >, M., Wick, B., 2008 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, ISBN-13 978-07817-7784-1