Funda ngeendawo ezinokufumaneka zeMelanoma Metastasis
Ukuba wena okanye ilungu lentsapho okanye umhlobo usandululwazi olusandul 'ukuba une-melanoma, usenokuzibuza, kuphi na kwaye kutheni i-melanoma isasazeka?
Ngokuhlinzwa, i- melanoma egcinwe elukhumbeni inokuphulukiswa kuma-95 ukuya kuma-98 ekhulwini amatyala. Ngelishwa, ukuba i-lesion recurs (ibuyisela), iyancipha, okanye isasazeka kwesikhumba ukuya kuma- lymph nodes okanye kwiimpawu ezikude, kuba yingozi kakhulu.
Oku kwenzeka kumgangatho we-III kunye ne-IV nge- melanoma kwaye kuthiwa yi-melanoma metastasis.
Yintoni i-Melanoma?
I-Melanoma, uhlobo olubi kakhulu lomhlaza wesikhumba, lukhula kwiiseli (melanocytes) ezivelisa i-melanin - i-pigment enika isikhumba sakho umbala. I-Melanoma ingenza kwakhona emehlweni akho kwaye, ngokungafaneki, kwizitho zangaphakathi, ezifana namathumbu akho.
Isizathu esona saso sonke se-melanomas asicaci, kodwa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet (UV) emisebeni yelanga okanye izibani zethusi kunye neebhedi zandisa ingozi yokuvelisa i-melanoma. Ukunciphisa ukukhanya kwakho kwimibala ye-UV kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-melanoma.
Umngcipheko we-melanoma ubonakala unyuka kubantu abangaphantsi kwe-40, ingakumbi abasetyhini. Ukwazi impawu zokwazisa ngomhlaza wesikhumba kunokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba utshintsho lomhlaza luyafumaneka kwaye luphathwa phambi kokuba umhlaza usasazeke. I-Melanoma iyakwazi ukuphathwa ngempumelelo xa ifunyenwe kwangaphambili.
I-Metastasis ifunyenwe njani?
Ukuba ugqirha wakho uxolisa ukuba i-melanoma yakho inokusasazeka, kukho izixhobo ezininzi ezikhoyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa .
Ezi ziquka ukuhlolwa kwegazi nge- lactate dehydrogenase (i-LDH), eyanda xa i-melanoma idibanisa, kunye nezifundo zokucinga , ezifana nesifuba x-ray, i-computed tomography (CT), i-imagery magnetic resonance (MRI), i- positron emission tomography (PET) kunye ne-ultrasound . Ugqirha unokufuna kwakhona ukuba athathe isampuli ye- lymph nodes , usebenzisa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "imephu ye-lymph node mapping". Ukuba kuqinisekisiwe, kukho ezininzi unyango olukhoyo, kuquka i-chemotherapy, immunotherapy , unyango lwe-radiation kunye nokuhlinzwa.
Lapho i-Melanoma isasazeka khona
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuba i-melanoma isenokusasazeka phantse nayiphi na indawo yomzimba-indawo ezahlukahlukeneyo kunamaphi umnye umhlaza. Ubungakanani obuya kufakelwa kwiqumrhu ngalinye lulandelayo:
- I-Lymph Nodes: 70 ukuya kuma-75 ekhulwini
- Ezinye iindawo zesikhumba, i-fat, ne-muscle: ama-65 ukuya kuma-70 ekhulwini
- Imipu kunye nommandla phakathi kwemiphunga: 70 ukuya kuma-87 ekhulwini
- Ibindi kunye ne-gallbladder: ama-54 ukuya kuma-77 ekhulwini
- Ubunongo: ama-36 ukuya kuma-54 ekhulwini
- I-Bone: 23 ukuya kuma-49 ekhulwini
- Iphepheni yesisu: 26 ukuya kuma-58 ekhulwini
- Intliziyo: 40 ukuya kwi-45 ekhulwini
- Iipancreas: 38 ukuya kuma-53 ekhulwini
- Izigulane ze-Adrenal: ama-36 ukuya kuma-54 ekhulwini
- Izinso: ama-35 ukuya kuma-48 ekhulwini
- Ipeyin: iipesenti ezingama-30
- I-thyroid: i-25 ukuya kuma-39 ekhulwini
I-Metastasis ebuchosheni idla ngokukhawuleza kwisigaba se-IV kwaye iqhube isifo esibi kunazo zonke, kunye nokuphila okuphakathi kweenyanga ezine kuphela.
Ngaba i-Metastasis ingabanjwa?
I-Melanoma isenokusasaza "ngokuthula," oku kuthetha ukuba awukwazi ukufumana nayiphi na impawu yemetastasis. Ngoko ke, ukuba uye waphathwa ngoncedo lwe -melanoma yexesha elidlulileyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uhlolisise rhoqo i- skin yakho kunye ne-lymph nodes, ukugcina yonke inyulo yakho yokuhlola, kwaye usebenzise ukuphepha kwelanga . Akukho nto enye umntu onokuyenza ukukhusela i-metastasis ngaphandle kokunyamekela.
Ukufumana ukuphindaphinda kwangoko kusanda kakhulu amathuba okuphucula impumelelo. Ukuba i-melanoma isasazeka, kubalulekile ukuba uhlale unobungozi: khumbula ukuba ngelixa i-prognosis engamahlwempu ikhona, abanye abantu baphila kwisigaba se-melanoma ye-IV.
Imithombo:
Clinical Mayo. IMelanoma. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/melanoma/basics/definition/con-20026009
"I-Melanoma: Indlela Ebuyisela Ngayo, Xa Isasazeka khona." I-American Academy yeDermatology.
King DM. "Ukucinga nge-melanoma ye-metastatic." UkuCamngca Ngomhlaza ka-2006 6: 204-8.