Izimpembelelo ezingalunganga ekudleni ziye zaba ziqhelekileyo kwaye ziphantse "ziqhelekileyo" kuluntu lwethu. Abantu bathetha ' ngokutya kwabo ' njengokuba baxoxisana ngemozulu kunye neziganeko zangoku. Enyanisweni, kunye noogqirha abaninzi bancokola ngokutya kwabo kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwabo , kusemgangathweni kunye nokufakela imfashini ukuba babe nohlobo oluthile lokusabela okungalunganga ukutya.
Kodwa kuthekani ngesayensi emva kwezi mpendulo?
Ziyintoni i-allergies kwaye yintoni na? Sivame ukuxelela izigulane ukuba uphawu olubangelwa ngokutya ukutya oluthile aluyinto yokutya. Xa i-allergenist ibhekisela kwi-allergies, oku kuthetha ukuba kukho inkqubo ye-IgE-mediated eyenza ukukhululwa kweekhemikhali ezichasayo ezikhokelela kwiimpawu ezihambelana nokutya kokutya. Kukho nenani leempendulo kwizinto ezingabonakaliyo, kodwa kunokunyanzeliswa kokutya. Ezinye zezinto ezinokubambisana nazo zingabangelwa ngumzimba womzimba, ngelixa ezinye zingekho.
IgE Foodergy
Kukho inani lokuphendula kwizinto zokutya ezinokuthi zithathwe njengento yokutya okuyiyo, oko kuthetha ukuba i-IgE ibandakanyeka ekubangela ukuphendula. Iimpawu zolu hlobo olubi kakhulu lokutya okubangela ukutya ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka uhlobo oluthile lwezibonakaliso zesikhumba (i-urticaria kunye ne-angioedema, ukubetha okanye ukutshiza) kwaye ingaquka ezinye iimpawu ezifana nesisu (isicupunu, ukuhlanza, isisu, isisu), ukuphefumula (ukukhwehlela, ukufutshane ukuphefumula, i-cardiovascular (intlupheko, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi), i-ear--throat (i-sneezing, i-throat clearing, iipumlo ezilukhuni kunye namehlo) kunye nezinye iimpawu (ukuqonda ingozi ezayo).
Kukho nenani le-GE-mediated food allergies eyenza iimpawu ezinzima kakhulu. Ezi zibandakanya ukwehla kwesifo se- dermatitis , i- oral allergies syndrome , kunye ne- eosinophilic esophagitis / i-eosinophilic izifo zesisu (nangona kukho ukungabikho kokutya okungekho kwe-IgE okubangelwa izifo ezibangelwa ziimeko).
I-AGE-mediated food allergies zivame ukufunyanwa ngokulula ngokusetyenziswa kovavanyo lokunciphisa isikhumba kunye / okanye ukuhlolwa kwegazi .
Ukunyanzeliswa kokutya kwe-Immunologic
Kukho iimpendulo ezimbalwa kwizinto ezingekho ngenxa ye-IgE kodwa zibangelwa sisistim somzimba. Ezi mpendulo zithintela isicatshulwa esiswini kwinxalenye enkulu.
Isifo seCeliac , okanye i-gluten-sensitive sensopathy, ibangelwa ngumntu olwachasayo owenziwe ngumzimba wokhuseleko lomzimba ngokubhekiselele kwimbombo yesisu esincinci ngenxa yokutya kwe gluten . I-Gluten ifumaneka kwiintlobo ezininzi zokutya ezifana nengqolowa, i-rye kunye nebhali. Izibonakaliso zezifo zeliliac ziquka ukuqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqha, ukuchithwa, uhudo, ukulahleka kwesisindo kunye ne-malabsorption yezondlo (ezikhokelela kwezinye iimeko ezinjenge-anemia) - kodwa ukugqithwa kunokwenzeka. Abanye abantu abanesifo esiqhekezayo sinokufumana ukugqithwa kwesikhumba kunokuthi i-dermatitis herpetiformis, eyaziwa ngamabhanti anzima kakhulu kwaye athambekele ekuqhubeni emacaleni nasemadolweni kunye ne-back back and scalp. Ukuxilongwa kwesifo se-celiac senziwa kakuhle nge-biopsy yecala lomathumbu omncinci kodwa kungenziwa kunye nokuhlolwa kwegazi kuma-antibodies (i-transglutaminase yamathambo kunye ne-endomysial). Abanye abantu baya kubona iimpawu zesifo se-celiac kodwa ngeemvavanyo eziqhelekileyo - oku kudla ngokuba yi-"gluten tolerance".
Olunye uhlobo lokunyamezela kokutya okuxilongwane nomzimba yi- FPIES (iprotheni yokutya eyenza i-enterocolitis syndrome). Kule meko, edla ngokuchaphazela abantwana abancinci kodwa inokuchaphazela abantwana abadala kunye nabantu abadala, iimpawu zingabandakanya ukuhlanza kwe-projectile, ukurhoxisa kakhulu, kunye nokunyaniseka. Abantwana banokwenene babonakale "be-septic" kwaye bavame ukuvunyelwa esibhedlele ngenxa yokusuleleka kakubi. Akukho ziphulo zesikhumba okanye iimpawu zokuphefumula kule meko. Ama-FPIES akunzima ukuxilonga ngoba ukuhlolwa kokungabikho komzimba akubonakalisi iimpawu zokutya kwezilwanyana. Ukuxilongwa kudla ngokubakho krokra, nangona amaziko ogqirha akhethekileyo angenza imingeni yokutya yomlomo kwisimo esibhedlele kwaye alandele i-cell white cell cell inokubangela ukuba uncedisise.
Uhlobo oluthile lwe-FPIES yiprotheyini yokutya eyenziwa yi-proctitis, edlalwa kakhulu kwiintsana eziqaliswe kubisi okanye iifomula ezisekelwe kwesoya kwaye zinegazi kwiziphumo zazo. Le nguqulo imnene kwaye intsana kaninzi ayinayo enye impawu; imeko ihlala isombululo xa umntwana eshintshela kwiifomula ze-hypoallergenic baby .
Ukungathembeki okungekho Mzimba
Ukuphendula kwizinto zokutya ezingabangelwa ngumzimba okanye ezinye iziganeko zokuzivikela komzimba zilukhuni ukuvavanya, kunzima ukuchaza, kwaye mhlawumbi yintoni abantu abaninzi abaye bahlangabezana nayo xa bachaza ukungahambisani kokutya.
Okuqhelekileyo kwezi mpendulo ukuxhatshazwa kwe-lactose , ebonakalayo ngokubethelwa, ukuchithwa kunye nokurhuda phakathi kweeyure zokutya ukutya kwe-lactose (iimveliso zobisi). Le meko ibangelwa ukungabikho kwe-lactase, i-enzyme ephula i-lactose, ekhokelela ekungeneni kwamanzi emathunjini amancinci emzimbeni ngenxa yesikhokhelo esikhulu se lactose esesibilini. Uvavanyo lwezilwanyana ezingapheliyo luza kubonakalisa iimpawu zobisi ezibangelwa ubisi. Nangona uvavanyo lokunyamezela i-lactose lufumaneka, ukuxilongwa kwe-lactose ukunyamezela kudla rhoqo kwiinkliniki.
Kukho ezinye izinto ezininzi zokutya ezingabangela ukunganyanzeliseki kokutya okungekho-IgE. Kwakhona, ezininzi zeemeko zibangelwa uhlobo oluthile lokuxhatshazwa kwesisu. Ngokuqhelekileyo akukho mvavanyo ekhoyo kwezi ntlobo zempendulo.
> Umthombo:
> I-American Academy ye-Allergy, i-Asthma ne-Immunology, kunye ne-Food Allergy Practice Parameters. Ann Annistry Asthma Immunol. 2006; 96: S1-68.