Phantse iipesenti ezi-8 zabantwana kunye neepesenti ezi-2 zabantu abadala bafumana ukunyuka kokutya okwenyaniso. Xa kudla isidlo sokutya, ezininzi iimpendulo ziza kwenzeka emva kwemizuzu.
Izimpawu zesikhumba (ukucheka, i- urticaria, i-angioedema ) zizona ziqhelekileyo kwaye zenzeka ngexesha lokutya okuninzi. Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:
I-Nasal: ukukrazula, impumlo yempuphu, impumlo ephilileyo kunye namehlo
Isisu: isisongomso, ukuhlanza, ukuchithwa, urhudo
Ukuphefumula: ukuphefumula okufutshane, ukuqhuma, ukukhwehlela, ukuqina kwesifuba
I-Vascular: uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, ukukhanya okukhanyayo, intliziyo esheshayo
Xa kunzima, le mpendulo ibizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis, enokubangela ukuba ubomi bungozi.
Ukungabikho komzimba okanye ukunyamezela?
Uninzi lwezimpendulo ekudleni mhlawumbi aluyiyo imvelo, kodwa kunokunyamezela. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho -anti-antigen okhoyo okhoyo malunga nokutya kumntu.
Ukunyamezela kungabalwa njengobuthi obuyingozi kunye nonobuthi. Iziganeko ezinobungozi zilindeleke ukuba zenzeke kubantu abaninzi ukuba zidliwe ngokutya, imizekelo ibandakanya utshwala, i-caffeine okanye kwiimeko zokutyhelwa kokutya. Ukunganyeliseki kokutya okungekho onobungozi kwenzeka kuphela kubantu abathile, njengokuba ukungabikho komonde kwe-lactose, okubangelwa ukungabikho kwe-lactase, i-enzyme ephula iswekile ngobisi kunye nokutya kweebisi. (Izigulane ezinokuxhatshazwa kwe-lactose amava okuqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqha, ukuchithwa kunye nokurhuda phakathi kwemizuzu emva kweeyure emva kokutya ukutya okunomdlavuza we-lactose, kodwa ungaboni nezinye iimpawu zokutya okudliwayo.)
Ukungaphenduli kwe-Immunologic Reactions
Ifomu engafanelekanga yeempendulo ezingabonakaliyo ekudleni kufaka i-system immune system, kodwa ayikho i-antigenic antibodies ekhoyo. Eli qela liquka i-celiac sprue kunye namaFPIES (izixhobo zokutya zeprothromes). AmaFPYI ngokuqhelekileyo avela kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci, kunye neempawu zesisu (ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, izigulana zamanzi kunye nokulahleka kwesisindo) njengemiqondiso yokubonisa.
Ubisi, i-soy kunye ne-nafsi yee-cereal yizona zivakalayo eziqhelekileyo kwii-FPIES. Abantwana ngokuqhelekileyo baphuma amaFPIES abaneminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwe-3 ubudala.
UkuHlaba koLuntu oluQhelelekileyo
Ubisi, i-soy, ingqolowa, iqanda, i-peanut, i-nut nuts, intlanzi, kunye ne-shellfish i-compromise engaphezu kwe-90 ekhulwini yokutya kwabantwana. Ukuxhatshazwa kwezilwanyana kubisi kunye neqanda yizona ziqhelekileyo kakhulu kwaye zivame ukuba zingama-5 ubudala. I-Peanut, umthi womthi, intlanzi kunye neentlanzi ze-shellfish zisoloko zikhuselekileyo kwaye zisenokuba zisongela ubomi, kwaye zihlala zikhulile.
I-Cross-Reactivity kunye ne-Cross-Contamination
Ukuphambana nomnqamlezo kubhekisela kumntu onobomi bokutya okufanayo kwiqela lokutya. Umzekelo, zonke i-shellfish zihlobene ngokuthe ngqo; ukuba umntu unobungozi kwi-shellfish enye, kunomathuba onamandla ukuba umntu uhlasele kwezinye i-shellfish. Kuyafana okufanayo kwimithi yamanzi, njengama-alimondi, i-cashews, ne-walnuts.
Ukungcola okuphambene nomnqophiso kubhekisela ekudleni kokutya okunye, ukutya okungahambelaniyo okukhokelela "kwizinto ezifihlakeleyo". Ngokomzekelo, izilwanyana kunye neenantambo zomthi azikho ukutya okuhlobene. Iigqabi ziyimigqabi kwaye zihlobene neentsapho zebhontshisi, ngelixa iintambo zomthi zingamantongwane enyanisekileyo. Akukho ndlela ehamba phambili phakathi kwezi zibini, kodwa zombini zifumaneka kwiivenkile ze-candy kunye ne-can of mixed nuts, umzekelo.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwenzelwa ngembali efanelekileyo yokuphendula kwisidlo esithile, kunye nokuvavanya okulungileyo kwintsholongwane yomntu onokugula ngokubhekiselele kokutya. Ukuvavanywa kwintsholongwane ye-antigen ebonakalayo iqhutyelwa ngokuvavanywa kwesikhumba, nangona kungenziwa kunye nokuhlolwa kwegazi.
Uvavanyo lwegazi, olubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-RAST, alulona luvavanyo olufanelekileyo njengolu vavanyo lwesikhumba, kodwa lunokuba luncedo ekuqikeleleni ukuba umntu uye wagqitha ukutya kokutya. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kuba amaxesha amaninzi ukuhlolwa kwekhumba kunokunamandla kubantwana abaye baphumelela ukutya kokutya.
Ukuba ukuxilongwa kokutya kokunciphisa ukutya kuthethwa nxamnye nokuvavanywa, i-allergenist inokugqiba ukwenza umngeni wokutya ngomlomo kwisigulane.
Oku kubandakanya ukuba umntu adle inani elongezelelweyo lokutya kwiiyure ezininzi phantsi kolawulo lwezonyango. Ekubeni ikhona i-anaphylaxis engozini yokuphila, le nkqubo kufuneka iqhutywe kuphela ngunyango oye wafumana unyango kunye nokunyangwa kwezifo ezithintekayo. Umngeni wokutya ngomlomo yindlela ephela yokususa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuxilongwa kokutya kokugulisa kwisigulane.
Unyango
Phatha impendulo: Ukuba ukuphendulwa kokutya kubakho, umntu kufuneka afune unyango lwengxamisekileyo lwangxamisekileyo. Uninzi lwezigulane ezinezondlo zokutya kufuneka zithwale i-epinephrine, okanye i-adrenaline (njenge- Epi-pen® , kunye namaxesha ngamaxesha onke). La mayeza anganyulwa ngumgqirha kwaye isiguli kufuneka sazi ukusebenzisa le fowuni ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke umonakalo owenzayo.
Gwema ukutya: Le ndlela yindlela ekhuselekileyo yokuthintela ukuphendula kwangoku kwiindawo zokutya, nangona kunokuba kunzima kwiimeko zokutya eziqhelekileyo ezifana nobisi, iqanda, i-soy, ingqolowa kunye ne-peanut. Funda indlela yokuphepha ukutya okuqhelekileyo kokutya . Imibutho efana ne-Foodergy Allergy kunye ne-Anaphylaxis Network inika uncedo kunye nenkxaso kwizigulana kunye nabazali babantwana abanomdla wokutya. Amagqirha anesifo sofuzo anganika ulwazi olongezelelweyo kunye neengcebiso ngokuphepha.
Funda amalebula okutya: Njengoko kubonakale ngokukhawuleza kwimeko yokutya okuqhelekileyo, ukufunda iibhile kwizinto zokutya nokubuza imibuzo malunga nezithako kwiivenkile kubalulekile kwaye kunconywa.
Yilungiselele: Izigulane zokutya ukutya kufuneka zihlale zikulungele ukuqonda nokunyanga indlela abasabelayo ngayo, ukuba kwenzeka enye. Khumbula, ekubeni ukuchasana nokutya okuqhekezayo kudla ngokukhawuleza, ukulungiselela ukunyanga impendulo nge-epinephrine kubaluleke kakhulu.
Unonophelo lwengxamisekileyo lwezocwangco kufuneka luhlale lufunwa ukuba isenzo esiphezulu sokutya senzeke, kungakhathaliseki ukuba i-epinephrine isetyenziswe okanye ayikho.
Ukuthetha nabanye: Ukunxibelelana namalungu entsapho, abahlobo kunye nabasebenzi besikolo malunga nesimo sengonyango yesigulane kunye nolwazi malunga nendlela yokulawula i-epinephrin kubalulekile.
Kukwacetyiswa ukuba isigulane sigqoke isongo sokulumkisa sezokwelapha (njenge-Bracelet ye-Medic-Alert®) esichaza ukutya kwabo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-epinephrin engenayo, xa isiguli singakwazi ukuthetha ngexesha lokuphendula.
Umthombo:
I-American Academy ye-Allergy, i-Asthma kunye ne-Immunology, kunye ne-Food Allergy Practice Parameters. Ann Annistry Asthma Immunol. 2006; 96: S1-68.
ISICELO: Ingcaciso equlethwe kule sayithi iinjongo zemfundo kuphela, kwaye ayifanele isetyenziswe njengenxalenye yokunyamekelwa ngumntu ogqirha. Nceda ubone ugqirha wakho ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango lweyiphi na imayelana nempawu okanye imeko yonyango.