Icuba lokubhema liyona nto inamandla kakhulu elawulwayo yokukhusela isifo senhliziyo. Nangona phantse ukuba bonke ababhemayo bayaqonda ukuba ukutshaya kwandisa umngcipheko womhlaza, baninzi (ngelishwa) abazi ukuba banokwandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wesifo senhliziyo xa beselula.
Ukubhema kunye neengozi yeengqondo zeentliziyo
Enyanisweni, umngcipheko wokuba nesifo senhliziyo iphindwe ngamathandathu aphindaphindiweyo kwabasetyhini ababhemayo, kwaye amaxesha amathathu aphezulu kumadoda ababhema, kunabantu abangazange bavume.
(Nangona ukutshaya kukubi kumntu wonke, ngoku ngoku kuqinisekiswe ukuba kuyingozi kakhulu kubafazi.)
Ehlabathini lonke, ukubhema kucingelwa ukuphendula malunga nama-36% ekuhlaselweni kwentliziyo yokuqala.
Ukubhema kungabangela ukuba i-heart disease isuke kuphela, kodwa emva kokuba uhlakulele isifo senhliziyo, ukuqhubeka ubhema kusenza kube nzima kakhulu, ngokukhawuleza.
Abantu abahlala betshaya emva kokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo banomngcipheko omkhulu kakhulu wokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo. Abantu abavuthayo emva kokuhlinzwa ngokugqithisileyo okanye ukugqithisela kunesiganeko esiphezulu sokuphuhliswa kwamagqabi atshisayo. Ababhemayo abane- coronary disease (CAD) okanye ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo banomngcipheko ophezulu wokufa ngaphambi kobulali kunokuba abangabambi bemiqathango.
Icuba lokubhema likhawuleza i- atherosclerosis , inkqubo yesifo evelisa i-CAD, ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo , isifo se-vascular peripheral, isifo , isifo se- aortic esiswini , kunye nokufa ngokukhawuleza .
Ukubhema kubangelwa njani izifo zentliziyo?
Ukubhema kukhawuleza i-atherosclerosis ngeendlela ezininzi:
- Ukubhema kwandisa i-cholesterol ye-LDL (ama-cholesterol ambi), kwaye iyanciphisa i- cholesterol ye-HDL (i-cholesterol enhle).
- Imveliso yengcambu iqulethe iikhemikhali ezinokucasula iindonga zeempahla zegazi, ukwandisa ukuvuvukala, ukulimaza kunye 'nokuqina' kwindonga yeenqanawa - zonke iimeko ezinxulumene ne-atherosclerosis.
- Ukubhema kwandisa amanqanaba e-adrenaline, okuphakamisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokunyamezela kwengqondo, okubangele ukunyanzelwa kwemithambo yegazi.
- Ukubhema kukhulisa ngokwemvelo ukutyekela kwegazi ukwenza ama-clots ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa ingozi ye -coronary syndrome (ACS) .
Ukongezelela ukukhawuleza i-atherosclerosis, ukutshaya icuba kunezinye iziphumo ezingonakalisi kwisimo senhliziyo:
- I-nicotine kwixuba igxininisa ekunyuseni kwezinga lentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi obonwayo emva kokutshaya i-cigarette.
- Ukubhema kwandisa amanqanaba e-serum homocysteine, oku kucatshangelwa ukuba kubangele ukulimala kwamathambo.
- Ukutshaya kwandisa amanqanaba e-carbon monoxide, ukunciphisa amandla okwegazi ukuhambisa i-oksijini kwiimfucu.
Ngaphezu koko, ukutshaya akuchaphazeli kuphela umntu oye wagqiba ekubeni ngumtshayi; ichaphazela intsapho, abahlobo kunye nabathandekayo abaphefumula umsi womsi. Ngoxa i-data eyenza ukuba umsi womsizi wongeza umngcipheko wesifo senhliziyo ayiqinisekanga njengokuba ngababhemayo ngokwabo, izifundo ezininzi ziyavuma ukuba zandisa ingozi kubadlali abangenacala.
Imiphumo emihle yokubhema i-cigarette
Zininzi iziphumo ezimbi eziveliswa ngokutshaya zinzima.
Utshintsho kwizinga lentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi, iimpembelelo ezingalunganga, kunye nezinye iikhemikhali ezitshintshayo kwimithambo yegazi ziyakwenzeka ngokukhawuleza xa ukhanyisa.
Izinzuzo zeCardiac zokuCima ukuTshaya
Njengoko ukutshaya icuba kukukhawuleza i-atherosclerosis, ukuba uyeka ukutshaya unganciphisa i-atherosclerosis. Ukongezelela, ukuyeka ukutshaya kubonakala kuphucula kakhulu umsebenzi jikelele wemithambo yakho yegazi. Umngcipheko wokuphucula isifo senhliziyo ihla ngokukhawuleza emva kokuyeka ukutshaya, kwaye uyaqhubeka nokuyeka ixesha elide uhlala utshaya.
Emva kwesiganeko se-ACS, ababhemayo abashiya ngokukhawuleza banomngcipheko omncinci wokufa kwikamva elikufutshane, xa kuthelekiswa nabokutshaya abangazange bayeke.
Ukuyeka kwakhona kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuba neqhekeza elithile le-ACS.
Umngcipheko we-stroke uyancitshiswa kakhulu emva kwexesha emva kokuyeka ukutshaya.
Izibonelelo zokuyeka ukutshaya zibonwa kumadoda kunye nabasetyhini kuwo onke amaqela.
Isizathu sokuba Ufanele ukushiya ngasekunene ngoku
Uninzi lweempembelelo ezibhekiselele ekubhemeni kwenzeka ngokuthe ngqo - emva kokuba ukhanyise. Oku kuthetha ukuba amathuba akho okuba neentlungu zeentliziyo ziya kuncipha ngaphakathi kweeyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48 emva komsi wokugqibela.
Ngoko akumele nje uyeke ukutshaya, kufuneka uyeke ukutshaya ngokukhawuleza njengoko unakho.
ILizwi
Ukutshaya yimbangela ekhuselekayo yesifo senhliziyo esasifikelwe kwangaphambili kunye nesifo. Izibonelelo zokuphelisa ukutshaya zizinzile, kwaye ezo nzuzo ziqala ukuqhubeka kwimizuzu okanye emibini yesigarethi sakho sokugcina.
> Imithombo:
> Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Hamba AS, et al. Isifo Sengqondo kunye neStroke Statistics - Uhlaziyo lwe-2015: Ingxelo evela kwi-American Heart Association. Uhambo luka-2015; 131: e29.
> Raghuveer G, iDaily White, Hayman LL, et al. Iziphumo ze-Cardiovascular Impact of Childhood Ukuxhamla umfutho wokuThengiswa koTywala: Ukuqhawula ubungqina, ukunyanzelisa, kunye nokuhlukana kobuhlanga kunye nezoLuntu: INgxelo yeSayensi evela kwi-American Heart Association. Uhambo 2016; 134: e336.
> I-Huxley RR, i-Woodward M. I-cigarette Ukubhema njengeNkokeli yengozi kwiCoronary Heart Disease kuBafazi xa kuthelekiswa namadoda: UkuHlola okuSingqinisiso kunye nokuhlaziywa kwe-Meta-Analysis yeChistoric Studies Studies. Lancet 2011; 378: 1297.