Ukongeza kwi-stpile, i-valproate isetyenzisiwe kwezinye iimeko zonyango. Kuvunyiwe ukuba kusetyenziswe ukuthintela ikhanda lokunqanda ikhanda, ukwenzela unyango lweengqungquthela zomntu kunye nokulawulwa kweengxaki ze-bipolar.
Kuye kwafundwa kwaye iboniswe ukuba yinzuzo enokwenzeka kwonyango lwe-headaches migraine, ukuxinezeleka, i-schizophrenia, kunye nentlungu ye-neuropathic, nangona ayivunyelwanga kule misebenzi.
Makhe sihlolisise indima yayo ekuthintela ukuthintela.
Indlela yokuSebenza
Kukholelwa ukuba i-valproate ivimbela ukuthintela ngokuvimbela umgudu ogqithiseleyo kwi-brain. Indlela ekhoyo ye-biochemical of prevention seizing isingacaciswanga ngokupheleleyo.
- Iziteshi ze-sodium: Enye yeendlela i-valproate engayisebenzisayo kukuvimbela iziteshi ze-sodium. Ezi ziteshi zivame ukuvumela i-neurons ukuthetha. Ukuncitshiswa kokunyuka kwexesha kunokuncedisa ukunciphisa umsebenzi ophuthumayo wengqondo ovelisa ukuthotywa.
- I-GABA: UValproate ungaphakamisa umsebenzi we-GABA. I-GABA yindlela yokuvimbela i-neurotransmitter, kwaye ukwandisa umsebenzi wayo kunokusebenza ukunciphisa ezinye zezinto ezingaqhelekanga ze-neuronal kwingqondo ebangela ukuxhamla.
- I-NMDA receptors: Impembelelo ye-valproate kule subtype ye-receptors ye-glutamate ingenza ukuguqula imiphumo ye-glutamate, i-neurotransmitter engqondweni. Eli nyathelo linokudlala indima ekuthintela ukuthintela.
UValproate yipilisi esetyenzisiweyo kwiimeko ezininzi, kubandakanywa ukuxhwala, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nokukhuselwa kwekhanda.
Ifom
Kukho iinkqubo ezininzi zomlomo kunye ne-IV ezisetyenziselwa ukulawula nokukhusela ukuthintela.
- I-Valproic acid: I- Depakene ifumaneka kwi-capsule okanye kwifom ye-liquid. I-Stavzor ifumaneka kwifomsule ifomu.
- I-Divalproex sodium: I- Depakote ifumaneka kwi-tablet okanye ifomfa.
- I-sodium yaseVelproate : I- Depacon i-IV (intraveous). Ngenxa yokuba unikezwa i-IV, inokusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezixakekayo, ukuyeka imeko ye-epilepticus (ukuphindaphinda okanye ukuqhubeka nokuthintela okungazimeli ngokwabo), okanye xa umntu enesithuthwane engakwazi ukuthatha i-liquid, ipilisi, okanye afefe iifom ngomlomo .
Ngokuqhelekileyo, amayeza anxamnye ne-anti-seizure ezifana ne-valproate athathwe amabini amaxesha amane ukuya kwimihla ukugcina ukulawulwa kokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo, nangona kukho abanye abantu abakwazi ukufumana ukulawulwa kwesohlwayo kanye kanye ngosuku ngosuku. Ukugcina i-regimen ye-anti-seizure yonyango ngokuyithatha ngexesha elifanayo imihla ngemihla ibalulekileyo ebalulekileyo ekugcineni izinga elizinzileyo, elinceda ukufezekisa ukuthintela.
Imimiselo eyahlukileyo ye-valproate ingasetyenziselwa yedwa okanye inxulumene namanye amachiza okulwa neentambo. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamachiza kunokhethwa xa elinye iyeza lingazikwazi ukulawula ukuthatha i-dose. Xa kusetyenziswe ngaphezu kweyodwa i-anticonvulsant, ezinye zeempembelelo eziqhelekileyo phakathi kwe-antiticonstsants , ezinjengokulala, ukulala, kunye nesimo sezulu kunokuxhomekeka.
Iintlobo zeehlanzi ezisetyenzisiweyo
UValproate, kwiifom zayo ezahlukeneyo, uninzi oluninzi kunokuba uninzi lwamachiza anqabileyo. Ingasetyenziselwa ukuthintela iintlobo ezininzi zokuthintela, kuquka:
- Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-tonic-clonic eziqhelekileyo : Ezi ngxakatho ezibandakanya ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nokunyakaza okungazibandakanyeki komzimba. Zihlala zibhekiswa njengento enkulu yokuxhwala .
- Ukungabikho kokuthintela: Ezi zinto zixhatshazwa ngokuphazamiseka kwengqondo ngaphandle kokugubha okanye ukunyakaza okusemzimbeni, okubizwa ngokuba yincinci yexinzelelo. Ukungabikho kwamagxobhozo kuhambelana nokunyakaza okubonakalayo, njengokukhawuleza kwekhosidi, okanye akukho ntshukumo engathintekiyo. Okuthakazelisayo kukuba, abantu abafumana ukungabikho kokungabikho kwemisebenzi ngokuqhelekileyo banokukwazi ukugcina izinto ezifana nokuhlala okanye ukuma ngaphandle kokuwela.
Ukuxhatshazwa kweMyoclonic: Ezi zithintelo zibonakaliswa ngokunyakaza, kunye okanye ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Izibilini ze-Myoclonic zingaphathwa kunye nenani lamachiza, kuquka i-valproate. Nangona kunjalo kukho imishanguzo enokuthi ibenze ingozi kwi-myoclonic seizures.
Ukungqinelana
U-Valproate, kunye namanye amayeza anxamnye ne-anti-seizure, angaba neentsebenziswano ezinobungozi xa kudibaniswa notywala okanye iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa. Xa uthatha i-valproate, ukusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye utywala kunokubangela ukuba iziphumo zecala ziqhutywe, zingenza utyhefu kwimiqathango eqhelekileyo, kwaye unokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu, kuquka ukutshatyalaliswa.
Kukho imeko ezininzi zempilo ezinxulumene nemiphumo eyingozi okanye ukonakala xa uthatha i-valproate. Eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Isifo sesibindi
- Iingxaki zokuhlamba / iiplatelets eziphantsi
- Ukukhulelwa
Kweemeko ezithile, ugqirha wakho unokujonga ukuba yinto ekhuselekileyo kuwe ukuba uthathe i-valproate nokuba ukhulelwe okanye ukuba unomnye wenkcaso. Ukuba kunjalo, uzakufuna ukulandelelana okufutshane ukubeka iliso kuyo nayiphi na ingxaki.
Ngokomzekelo, abanye abafazi abakhulelweyo bangadinga ukuhlala kwi-valproate ukukhusela ukuthintela. Ukuxhamla kungabangela ingozi kumama okanye umntwana okhulayo. Iingozi kunye neenzuzo zeemeko zonyango ezinzima ziqwalaselwa ngenyameko liqela lezononophelo lwezempilo ukwenzela ukwandisa iziphumo.
Imiphumela
Njengawo onke amayeza, i-valproate ingavelisa imiphumo emibi. Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo ze-valproate ziquka:
- Utywala
- Ukulala
- Umbono ombini
- Ukulahleka kweenwele
- Uhudo
- Ukutyeba kwakho
- Ukugquma okanye ukuphuma
I-Rash: Ukukhawuleza kuyinto engavamile kodwa ingaba yiphumo elibi kakhulu. Amachiza amaninzi okulwa neentambo angabangela ukuphendulwa okukhulu okuqala ngokukhawuleza. Ngoxa i-valproate ayiyinye yeyeza mayeza adibaniswa nale mpendulo enkulu, kuye kwabikwa.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, unokuqwalasela ukukhawuleza ukuba kube yinkinga ephazamisayo. Kodwa ngenxa yeengxaki ezinokuthi zikhule, kubalulekile ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba uhlakulele ukukhawuleza ngokutsha xa uthabatha.
I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS): Ubambiswano phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwe-valproate kunye ne-PCOS luye lwaphawulwa iminyaka, ngokukodwa phakathi kwabasetyhini abanesifo sokuhluthwa. Kodwa ikhonkco ecacileyo ayilunganga. Ukuba ungumfazi othabatha i-valproate, ngokuqhelekileyo kucetyiswa ukuba ugcine ulandelelwano oluqhelekileyo kunye nomntwana wesifo somzimba, oza kukwaziswa ukuba uthatha okanye uthathe i-valproate.
Utyhefu
Utywala olunxulumene neziyobisi luhluke kwimiphumo emibi yeyeza. Inetyhefu yenzeka xa i-dose yeyeza okanye ukugxininisa emzimbeni uphezulu kunokuba kunconywe. Imiphumo emibi yiziphumo ezimbi ezenzeka kwi-dose ephakamileyo ephakamileyo.
Iimbangela eziqhelekileyo zetyhefu ye-valproate zibandakanya amanani angalinganiswanga, ukugqithisa ngokukhawuleza, okanye ukudlula ngokweqile. Ingxaki yomzimba kunye ne-metabolism inokubangela ukuba inetyhefu ye-valproate.
I-Valproate inetyity ingabangela:
- Utywala
- Ukudideka
- Ukulahlekelwa kwe-balance
- I-Hypothermia (ubushushu bomzimba obuphantsi)
- I-Hyperthermia (ukushisa komzimba ophezulu)
- Ukulahleka kwengqondo
- Intliziyo esheshayo
- Ukungahambi kakuhle
- Ukufa
Utywala lwe-Valproate yongxamiseko yonyango kwaye, ukuba ufumaneke ngexesha, unokulawulwa ukunciphisa imiphumo emide.
Ukuhlolwa kweGazi
Iqondo legazi le-valproate linokulinganiswa ukujonga ukuba unayo ingcamango elinezifo zonyango. Nangona izinga lakho elifanelekileyo legazi lingafani nelinye, zonke iindawo eziphakanyisiweyo ziyanceda ekunqumeni ukuba izinga lakho litshintshile, ukuba ufumene inqanaba legazi elaneleyo kunye nokuvuselela ubunobungozi obunokwenzeka.
Ukuyeka
Njengazo zonke izigulana zokulwa noxinzelelo, ukuyeka ngokukhawuleza kunokubangela ukukhwabanisa okanye ezinye iingxaki. Ukuba uya kuyeka ukuthatha i-valproate, qiniseka ukuba uxoxe ngesicwangciso kunye nogqirha wakho wokuqala, ngubani oza kuwubeka endaweni ethile kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezichasayo okanye akucebise ngeshedyuli ekunciphiseni umthamo wakho.
ILizwi
Ukuba unikwe umyalelo we-valproate, kuya kuba luncedo ekulawuleni imeko yakho yonyango. UValproate yipilisi esetyenziselwe iminyaka, ingakumbi ekuthinjeni. Imiphumo yayo, iziphumo ezibi, kunye neetyhefu ziqondwa kakuhle.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuthatha iiveki eziliqela ukufumana unyango lokulwa nexinzelelo ukuze ufikelele kwixinzelelo oluzinzile. Ngelo xesha, wena kunye neqela lakho lezonyango lingakwazi ukugweba ukuba okanye akunjalo yini ekunciphiseni ukutshatyalaliswa kwakho.
Unokwazi ukuba ngaba unako ukunyamezela imiphumo emibi ye-valproate ngexesha elifutshane emva kokuba uqalise amayeza. Kunenzuzo kuwe ukuba uziqhelanise neziphumo eziqhelekileyo zamachiza akho ukuze ukwazi ukuwaqonda ngokukhawuleza.
Qinisekisa ukugcina unxibelelwano kunye neqela lakho lezonyango malunga naluphi na uxinzelelo okanye iziphumo zonyango. Ngale ndlela uza kuba nokufumana unonophelo olufanelekileyo oluxakekayo xa udinga kwaye ugqirha wakho angenza nayiphi na inguqu efunekayo kumachiza akho amayeza.
> Imithombo:
> Bilo L, Meo R. Polycystic ovary syndrome kubasetyhini basebenzisa i-valproate: ukuhlaziywa. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2008; 24 (10): 562-70. i-doi: 10.1080 / 09513590802288259.
> Ulawulo lweZiko lokuTya kunye neDrug. Ulwazi lweValproate.