Umntwana Wakho Nge-Epilepsy Inesihloko kwiNkxaso kunye nokuHlala kwiSikolo
Ngokutsho kweShedystems Foundation, abantwana abangama-300 000 baseMelika bahluthe . Oko kuthetha ukuba izithili ezininzi zezikolo zinezikolo ezimbalwa ezinezifo zokuxilonga. Ngokwemfundiso yoko, izikolo kufuneka zibe namava ngokuxhasa abafundi abanesifo-kwaye kufuneka babe neengcamango ezintle malunga nemiba esemthethweni, yezemfundo kunye neyonyango echaphazelekayo.
Kodwa ukuhluthwa kwento ehlukileyo kumntwana ngamnye. Kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba nangona isikolo sakho sinabantwana abaningana abanesithuthwane kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, abanokuba namava okanye nolwazi lweemfuno kunye neengxaki zomntwana.
Njengomzali, umsebenzi wakho ukukhuthaza iimfuno zomntwana wakho. Ukwenza oko, kufuneka uqonde ngokupheleleyo ukuba zeziphi iimfuno zomntwana wakho-kwaye ukuqonda iindlela ezikhoyo kwisicwangciso sesikolo. Ngenhlanhla, eUnited States, abaBantu abaneZiko loPhuhliso lwezeMpilo (IDEA) kubhaliwe ukuxhasa abazali kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana ngamnye ufumana inkxaso yodwa.
Izibonelelo Abantwana Abanesifo Sokuphulukana Nesidingo kwiSicwangciso seZikolo
Nangona umntwana ngamnye enesifo sokuhluthwa kuya kuba nemingeni eyahlukileyo, bonke banomlinganiselo othile weemfuno. Ukuxhamla kudla ukudibanisa nezinye izifo ezifana ne- autism , ukukhubazeka kokufunda, okanye ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo, oku kuthetha ukuba abanye abantwana banokuba nemingeni enzima.
Esikolweni, ezi zidingo kunye nemingeni ziwela ezi zigaba zilandelayo.
Iimfuno Zonyango. Kwiimeko ezininzi, abantwana abanesifo sokuhluthwa baya kufuna ukubandakanyeka kwabahlengikazi besikolo ukuba baphathe imishanguzo, banike inkxaso xa kwenzeka ukutshatyalaliswa, okanye kuncedisa ootitshala ukuba baphendule ngokufanelekileyo ukutshatyalaliswa eklasini.
Ukuba umntwana wakho ekudleni kwe-ketogenic, isikolo sakho sidinga ukwazi malunga nokuxhasa iimfuno zokutya komntwana wakho.
Izidingo Zezemfundo. Nangona abantwana abanesifo sokuhluthwa banokukwazi ukufundisa (okanye nokuba banesipho), baninzi baya kufuna i-level of academic support. Kungenxa yokuba ukuxhamla kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo kungaphazamisa amandla omntwana wakho wokuya kutitshala, ukuthatha inxaxheba eklasini, ukuthatha amanqaku, okanye ukurekhoda izabelo.
Izidingo Zentlalo. Akukho sizathu sokuba umntwana onesithuthwane akufanele abe nabahlobo. Kodwa isithuthwane senza imingcele ethile yoluntu. Unontanga abaninzi (kunye nabazali) badidekile ngokuhluthwa; abanye bakhathazeke ngokuthatha uxanduva loontanga okanye abavakalisi xa kwenzeka ukutshatyalaliswa, kwaye abanye bayesaba abantu abaneengxaki.
UkuLawula Imfuno Zonyango
Abanye abantwana abanesifo sokuhluthwa kufuneka bathathe amayeza xa besesikolweni. Oku akufanele kube yimpikiswano: abahlengikazi besikolo kaninzi kunokuba banako ukuhambisa amayeza kunye nenqaku evela kugqirha kunye nemvume evela kubazali. Kubalulekile, nangona kunjalo, ukuba umhlengikazi wakho wesikolo uyayiqonda nayiphi na imiba enxulumene neyeza njengemiphumo emibi okanye ukusebenzisana. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukugcina imigca yonxibelelwano evulekile.
Umhlengikazi wakho wesikolo ufuna ukwazi:
- Ukuba uqala iyeza elitsha
- Ukuba umntwana wakho unqamle ukutshatyalaliswa okanye ezinye iimpawu
- Ukuba utshintshe oogqirha
- Ukuba kukho utshintsho lobomi obungabangela ukunyuka kwengcinezelo ekhaya
- Ukuba umntwana wakho usekutya kokutya
- Ukuba umntwana wakho ufuna iimfuno zokuxhatshazwa ngokukhawuleza
Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yokutshatyalaliswa komntwana wakho, unokufuna ukucinga ngeemfuno zonyango ngaphandle kwe-ofisi yomongikazi. Ukuba umntwanakho uye wafumana izigulane ezingaphelelwanga ngokupheleleyo ngamachiza, utitshala wakhe kufuneka azi ukuba aziphathe njani eklasini yokumisela.
Umongikazi wesikolo kunye nolawulo kufuneka kwakhona abe ebhodini ukwenzela ukuba akukho mibuzo okanye ixhala malunga nokusingatha ukuhlutha xa kwenzeka.
Ingcinga efanelekileyo yokuxoxa ngembandela ngaphambi kokuba umntwana wakho aqale unyaka wesikolo, kwaye enze isicwangciso sokuphendula esicacileyo, esifanelekileyo sokuthatha. Ngamanye amaxesha izicwangciso ezinjalo ziyakwazi "ukufuduka" ukusuka kwititshala ukuya kumfundisi nakusesikolweni ukuya esikolweni kwisithili. Ootitshala kufuneka bazi indlela yokugcina umntwana wakho ukhuselekile ngexesha lokutshatyalaliswa, indlela yokumnceda ukuba abuyele, kwaye nokuba okanye uthintana nabazali, umongikazi, okanye iqela lezonyango.
UkuPhatha iimfuno zezifundo
Ngokwe-Epilepsy Society yase-UK, malunga nabantwana abathathu abanesifo sokuwa nesifo sokukhubazeka banokukhubazeka kokufunda. Ukongeza koku:
- Abantwana abanesigxina sokubanjelwa ngokubanzi bangaphoswa ixesha leklasi ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuneentanga eziqhelekileyo ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwabo, ukutyunjwa kwezonyango kunye neminye imiba.
- Abantwana abanesigxina, nakuba bangaphuthelwa kwiklasi, banokulahlekelwa okungenani umxholo othile owenziwe kwiklasi ngenxa yokubanjelwa kwabo.
- Amachiza asetyenziswe ukulawula ukuhluthwa angabangela ukuba abantwana balele okanye bome, ubuncinci de baqhelise amayeza
Njengomntwana onemfuno ezizodwa eUnited States, unyana wakho okanye intombi yakho inokufumana uluhlu olubanzi lwezemfundo kunye neenkonzo. Unokufunda konke malunga nawo malungelo ngokusebenzisa incwadana epheleleyo kakhulu epheleleyo nepheleleyo efumaneka kwi-Wrightslaw.com . Ukuba unemibuzo ethile okanye iimfuno, okanye ukuba uziva unyanzelekile kodwa ungeke ukwazi ukufumana i-advocate ekhethekileyo iimfuno, unokufumana uncedo ngeShedyuli yeSiseko.
Umntwana wakho onokuhluthwa ngokuqinisekileyo uya kufaneleka ukufumana iSicwangciso se-504 okanye iSicwangciso seMfundo soBucala (i-IEP). Zomibini zezi zikhetho zibonelela abantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa ngeenkonzo okanye indawo yokuhlala ukuze baphumelele.
504 Izicwangciso: Ngokwenene, iSicwangciso esingu-504 sixhobo sokubonelela abantwana abaneendawo zokuhlala kufuneka baphumelele kwinkqubo yesikolo jikelele. Uninzi lwabantwana abakhonza phantsi kwe-504 banomncinci kodwa luyimfuneko ebalulekileyo.
Ngokomzekelo, umntwana onokuhluthwa angakwazi ukuqonda ngokwengqondo nangentlalo, kodwa ngenxa yokuhluthwa kwabo angaphuthelwa iindawo ezithile zokufundisa okanye ukuvavanya. I-504 inokubandakanya indawo yokuhlala njengelungelo lokuthatha kwakhona nayiphi na imvavanyo ephosakeleyo okanye yamkela nayiphi na into efunyenwe eklasini ngaphandle kokuhlawulwa.
Iinjongo ezingaphezulu kwe-504 zabafundi abanesifo sokuhluthwa zibandakanya uqeqesho lootitshala malunga nendlela yokuqonda nokulawula ukuhluthwa kwesisu kunye neendawo ezithile zokuhamba kwimihlaba kunye nezinye iimeko ezinzima.
IEPs: Isicwangciso seMfundo soBuntu okanye i-IEP esenzelwe abantwana abaneziphene ezikwenza kube nzima ukufikelela kwikharityhulam jikelele. Umntwana onesithuthwane kwaye akukho minye imingeni ayiyi kuyidinga i-IEP. Kodwa abantwana abaninzi abanesifo sokuhluthwa nabo banokukhubazeka kokufunda, ukukhathazeka kwemizwelo, i-autism, okanye ukukhubazeka kwengqondo eyenza iimeko eziqhelekileyo zemfundo zicelomngeni.
Kuba ba bantwana, i-IEP ingafaneleka. Izindlu ze-IEP zivela kwiiklasi ezizodwa zokufundisa, ukuthetha okanye ukunyanga, okanye iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo zasehlobo.
UkuLawula iimfuno zeNtlalo
Abantwana abanesithuthwane banokuba nemingeni ebalulekileyo emphakathini. Kwezinye iimeko iingxaki zibangelwa ukuhluthwa ngokwayo; kwezinye iimeko, imingeni idibene nemiba ehambelana nayo. Umzekelo:
- Ukuhlutywa komzimba kungenza kube nzima okanye akunakwenzeka ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi eyenziwa ngabantwana. Kungaba nzima ukuba udibanise nemidlalo, uye kumhlobo womntu ongeyonto, okanye ujoyine uhambo lwesikolo.
- Ukuphulukiswa komzimba kunganciphisa ukusebenzisana phakathi nosuku lwesikolo. Umntwana onesithuthwane akakhuselekanga kwisakhiwo sokunyuka kwinqanaba kwaye unokuba nemida ehambelana nokusebenzisana nezikrini.
- Iyeza-anti-epileptic ikwazi ukushiya abantwana beziva belele kakhulu ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi emva kwesikolweni, okanye baninzi ukugqiba umsebenzi wabo wesikolo ngokukhawuleza.
- Abantwana abaninzi abanesifo sokuhluthwa baye banxulumana nemiba efana ne-autism okanye iingxaki zengqondo ezibangelwa imingeni enzima yoluntu.
- Iidlo ezikhethekileyo zenza uninzi lweemeko zentlalo inzima.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, iiplani ezingama-504 okanye i-IEP zingabhekisana ngqo nemingeni yoluntu. Ngokuxhomekeka kwinqanaba lomfuno lomntwana, indawo yokuhlala ingafakwa ukuba kube lula ukuba umntwana athathe inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kwimisebenzi emva kwesikolweni, athathe inxaxheba kwintengiso yeentsimi, okanye mhlawumbi abe yinxalenye yentlalo yoluntu. Kwabanye abantwana, amaqela ezakhono zentlalo anokunokwenza umehluko olungileyo.
Ngaphantsi
Ukuxhamla kungenza nzima isikolo, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, kunokwenzeka ukusekela indawo yokuhlala kunye nokuxhasa ukunqoba imingeni. Ii-504 Izicwangciso kunye ne-IEP zixhobo ezibalulekileyo zomthetho ezikhoyo ezikhoyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana abanesithuthwane bafumana inkxaso abayidingayo. Abazali banokubaluleka kubantwana babo ngo:
- Ukusebenza nootitshala kunye nabalawuli ukuba banikele ngolwazi olubalulekileyo, bathathe inxaxheba ekuphuhlisweni kwezicwangciso zesikolo, kwaye banikele ngcebiso okanye uncedo njengoko kuyimfuneko.
- Ukuthatha inyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana babo badibene ngokufanelekileyo (kwaye njengoko kuyifunayo!) Kwimisebenzi yeekharityhulam kunye nezentlalo.
- Ukuthatha isenzo somthetho ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana babo bafumana imfundo "ekhululekile nefanelekileyo" apho banelungelo.
> Imithombo:
> I-Cleveland Clinic Foundation. Uphuhliso lwezakhono nezentlalo. KwiWebhu. 2013.
> I-Epilepsy Foundation. Umntwana wakho esikolweni okanye ukunakekelwa kwabantwana. KwiWebhu. 2014.
> Margolis, Leslie. Amalungelo oMthetho wabantwana abane-Epilepsy esikolweni nakwinkonzo yabantwana. ISpilepsy Foundation yaseMelika. KwiWebhu. 2011.