Ingqondo inama-hemispheres a-2 (macala,) aphakathi kwezi-2 ezifanayo. Imisebenzi ye-hemisphere yesiganeko kunye ne-left-hemisphere ngokukhawulelana, kunye necala elifanelekileyo lochopho olulawula isigxina sokushiya sentshukumo yomzimba, inzwa, umbono kunye nokuva, ngelixa uhlangothi lwesokhohlo lulawula isigqibo esifanele sale mi sebenzi.
AmaHemisphesi aMaNtloko kunye neeNinzi ezingenakuqhayisa
Kukho indawo embalwa imifani phakathi kwemisebenzi ye-hemispheres engakwesobunxele nelungileyo engqondweni.
Elinye ihlabathi libhekiswa njengelizwe eliphambili, kwaye linxulumene nolwimi kunye nezakhono ezinengqiqo. I-hemisphere ephezulu apho iindawo zengqondo zithetha ukuthetha kunye nezikhundla zemathematika.
I-hemisphere engabonakaliyo ijongene nobuchule, kuquka ubugcisa kunye nokucinga. I-hemisphere engabonakaliyo nayo ijongene nokuhlanganiswa kolwazi lwendawo kunye nokulawula ukuqonda kwendawo e-3-dimensional.
Ulawulo oluphezulu lwengqondo ngokuqhelekileyo lusempumalanga ngokubhekiselele kwisandla sakho esiphambili. Ukunikezelwa kwamalungelo abantu, iindawo eziphezulu zihlala kwicala lasekhohlo. Kubantu abanikezelwe ngamanxele, i-hemisphere ephezulu inokuthi ibe ngakwesokunene, kwaye ke ke ukubetha kuthintela abantu abashiywe ngabantu abasecaleni kunokuba bachaphazele abantu abanikezelweyo.
Izibetho ze-VS. IiHemispheres ezingabonakaliyo
Abantu abaye bafumana ukulimala kwengqondo kwi-hemisphere ephezulu bafumana iingxaki kwicala elibhekiselele emzimbeni wabo, kunye neengxaki ngolwimi, olubizwa ngokuba yi-aphasia.
I-Aphasia inokuchaphazela ukukwazi ukufumana amagama afanelekileyo, ukuqonda ukuba abanye bathetha ntoni kunye nokukwazi ukufunda okanye ukubhala.
Abantu abaye bafumana ukulimala kwengqondo kwi-hemisphere engabonakaliyo bahlala befumana iingxaki kwicala eliphambene nomzimba wabo, kunye neengxaki zesigwebo sendawo kunye nokuqonda nokukhumbula izinto.
I-Lobes Of Brain
Inxalenye nganye yobuchopho ihlukaniswe ngamacandelo asebenzayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-lobes. Kukho iine lobes kwisiqingatha ngasinye seengqondo. Bazi:
- I-Lobe yangaphambili: Ekhokwe ngaphambili kwengqondo, ngasemva kwebunzi. I-lobe yangaphambili ikhulu kakhulu, ihlala malunga ne-1/3 yobunzima bobuchopho, kwaye ilawula ubuntu, ukuziphatha, ukulawula ngokomzwelo kunye nokukwazi ukucwangcisa, ukulungisa iingxaki kunye nokuququzelela.
- I-parietal lobe: Ifumane kufuphi nomva kunye nentloko yentloko, ngaphezu kweendlebe. I-lobe ye-parietal ilawula ukukwazi ukufunda, ukubhala nokuqonda iingcamango zendawo. Umsebenzi we-lobe ye-parietal lobes ayibonisi ngokupheleleyo, kunye nencoko yokulawula i-parietal lobe yokulawula kunye nengqiqo, ngelixa i-logeal ye-parietal lobe ilawula izakhono zendawo kunye nobuchule. Enyanisweni, isifo esichaphazela i- parietal lobe singabonakali sinokuvelisa iingxaki zayo, kubandakanywa ukuphazamiseka kunye nokukwazi ukuqonda umzimba wakho.
- I-Lobe yesipiliti: Ummandla omncinci ongekho emva kwentloko. I-lobe ye-occipital inexanduva lokudibanisa umbono.
- I-lobe yesigxina: Ekho kwicala lentloko ngaphaya kweendlebe kunye nezantsi kwe-lobe yangaphambili. I-lobe yokulawula i-lobe yokulawula ukuva, imemori, intetho kunye nokuqonda.
Iintlobo zeAphasia
Xa umntu ehlaselwa isifo, isisu somzimba okanye ukulimala okuchaphazela kwicala eliphambili lobuchopho, ukukwazi ukusebenzisa ulwimi kuphazamiseka.
Iintlobo zolwimi zengqondo ziquka izakhiwo ezininzi ezikhoyo kwi-frontal, temporal and parietal lobes. Ukuphazamiseka okanye ukulimala nakweyiphi na le mimandla yeelwimi ezikhethekileyo, ezibandakanya indawo yeBraca, indawo yeWernicke kunye ne-fasiculus ehlaselekileyo, inokubangela iintlobo ezithile ze-aphasia ezihambelana nommandla othile wolwimi wengqondo echaphazelekayo ngesifo okanye ukulimala kwengqondo.
Ezinye zezona ntlobo eziqhelekileyo ze-aphasia ziquka:
- Ukucacisa aphasia, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Broca's aphasia: Ukungakwazi ukuthetha ngendlela ecacileyo necacileyo.
- Ukuthobela i-aphasia, eyaziwa ngokuba ngu-Wernicke's aphasia: Ukungakwazi ukuqonda intsingiselo yentetho ebhaliweyo okanye ebhaliweyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantu abane-Wernicke's aphasia banokuthetha kakuhle, kodwa bathethe ngamazwi kunye nemibandela engenzi kakuhle.
- I-anomic okanye i- amnesia aphasia: Ukungakwazi ukufumana igama elichanekileyo ngezinto, abantu okanye indawo
- I-aphasia ye-Global: Ukungakwazi ukuthetha okanye ukuqonda intetho, ukufunda okanye ukubhala
Ulawulo lweAphasia
Ukubuyisela kwi-aphasia kunokwenzeka. Indlela eqhelekileyo yonyango yonyango lwentetho. Ezinye iintlobo zonyango ziquka:
- Ukucula iyeza
- Utyando lwezobugcisa
- Ulwaphulo lokuthetha ngetekisi
- Ulwaphulo lweqela
- Amachiza
Kwiziko lasekhaya, ukuxhasa ukubuyiswa kwe-aphasia kungaquka:
- Ukudlala imidlalo esekelwe kwigama
- Ukubuza imibuzo efuna ewe okanye cha
- Ukupheka iresiphi entsha
- Ukusebenzisa ukubhala
- Ukufunda okanye ukucula ngokuvakalayo
Ukunxibelelana nabasindileyo be-Stroke abaneAphasia
Nangona kunokuba kunzima ukuthetha, abantu abane-aphasia banokhetho oluninzi xa besebenzisana nabanye.
Ezinye zezi zikhethi ziquka:
- Ukusebenzisa imifanekiso ukwenza iingxoxo zilula
- Ukuba nencoko kwindawo engathuliyo, engaphazamisi
- Ukudweba okanye ukubhala
- Ukubonisa abantu oko kusebenza kakuhle
- Ukuqhagamshelana nabantu nge-imeyili okanye kwiblogi
- Ukubonisa ikhadi elichaza imeko yakho kwabanye
Ngokwahlukileyo, kulabo bantu abangenayo i-aphasia, ukuthetha nabasindileyo be-stroke abanama-aphasia bangenziwa lula ngezinye zeendlela ezilandelayo:
- Ukusebenzisa imifanekiso okanye iprops ukwenza incoko
- Ukudweba okanye ukubhala
- Ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza nangokucothayo
ILizwi
Ulawulo oluphezulu lwengqondo lulawula ulwimi, lenye yeendlela zethu ezibalulekileyo zokusebenzisana nehlabathi. Nakuphi na ukulimala kwintsimi ebalulekileyo yengqondo-njengokufana nesisu, isisu okanye intlungu-ingabangela i-aphasia.
I-Aphasia inzima kumntu onalo mqathango, kunye nabathandekayo kunye nabanakekeli. Uninzi lwabasindileyo be-stroke abanamava apha e-aphasia, ayenokuphuculwa ngonyango olulungisa emva kokuphazamiseka .
> Imithombo:
> Inkqubela yexesha elikhoyo yokusetyenziswa kolwimi kwingqondo yomntu kwiimeko zokuphambi kweelwimi zangaphambili kunye ne-intraoperative, i-Middlebrooks EH, iYagmurlu K, i-Szaflarski JP, i-Rahman M, i-Bozkurt B, i-Neuroradiology. 2017 Jan; 59 (1): 69-87