Ukuxilongwa, unyango, kunye neeNkcazo zokuSinda
Kuqhelekile ukuba abantu bafumane i-stage 2 yomhlaza wesibeleko. Nangona kunokusongela ukuva ukuba unesigaba sesi-2 (endaweni yesigaba se-1 okanye i-DCIS), isigaba sesi-2 sisabonwa njengesiqalo somhlaza wesifuba kwaye abaninzi abantu benza kakuhle kakhulu unyango, bahlala ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Nangona ngeli nqanaba ngamanye amaxesha kunokubandakanya umdlavuza kwii- lymph nodes ezikufuphi, ayithathwa njengemetastatic.
Makhe sijonge iinyaniso malunga nokuhlengahlengisa, unyango, kunye nesigaba sokuhlala sesi-2 somhlaza wesifuba.
Sibanzi
Umhlaza wesifuba uhlukaniswe emine (okanye ezintlanu) izigaba ezisisiseko. Isigaba 0 Umhlaza wesifuba okanye i- ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) ayithathwa njengesifo somhlaza wesifuba esingenayo njengoko singasasazeka kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-membrane yesigxina.
Amanyathelo 1 kuya ku-4 emisini yeengqamlezo zesifuba ayithathwa njengomhlaza "ongenayo". Oku akuthethi ukuba baye bahlasela naziphi na izicubu okanye ukuba zisasazeka. Kuthetha nje ukuba baye badlula emgceni wecala kwaye banakho "amandla" ekusasazeni. Isigaba soku-1 sisigaba sokuqala somhlaza wesifuba esingenayo kunye nesigaba se-4 sona siphambili kakhulu kwaye sithathwa njengomdlavuza webele we-metastatic.
Umdlavuza wesibeleko we-Stage 2 uquka izibilini ezingenani ubuncinane be-2 cm kunye no-5 cm ububanzi kwaye zinokusabalala kwii-lymph node kufuphi ne-tumor.
Ukucwangcisa
Amanqaku enkcaso anikwe kwaye ahlukaniswe ngamagatya ngento ebizwa ngokuba yi- TNM .
Kule nkqubo:
- T imela ubukhulu bezondo. I-T0 ithetha ukuba i-tumor ayinakufumaneka kwibele. I-T1 iquka izihlamba ezinomlinganiselo we-2 cm okanye ngaphantsi (intshi okanye ngaphantsi). I-T2 iquka izibilini eziphakathi kwe-2 cm kunye no-5 cm ububanzi. I-T3 iquka izicubu ezinkulu kune-5 cm ububanzi.
- N imela ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node. I-N0 (i-N-zero) yayiza kuthetha ukuba umdlavuza awusasazekanga nakweyiphi i-lymph nodes. I-N1mi ichaza umdlavuza oye wasasazeka kuma-lymph nodes kodwa ukusabalala kunokufumaneka kuphela phantsi kwe-microscope ( micrometastases ). I-N1 isetyenziselwa ukuchaza izicubu eziye zasasazela ubuncinane i-lymph node enye kufuphi ne-tumor. I-N2 ibhekisela kwiisifo seekhenya eziye zasasazeka kude nesisu.
- M imelela i-metastasis. I-M0 ithetha ukuba akukho mastases ekhoyo. I-M1 ithetha ukuba umdlavuza webele usasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ezifana namathambo, ingqondo, isibindi, okanye imiphunga.
Ukusebenzisa inkqubo ye-TNM, kukho inhlanganisela emininzi ye-T ne-N eyasetyenziselwa ukubeka umhlaza njengesigaba 2A okanye isigaba 2B. Ekubeni kwinqanaba lesi-2 le-cancer yebele ayinakulinganiswa, uM uhlala ulandelwa yi-zero. Ukunokwenzeka kwinqanaba 2 kubandakanya:
- Isigaba sesi-2A: T0, N1, M0: Akukho sikhomba sitholakale kwiisisu zomfuba, kodwa iiseli zomhlaza zifake kwii- lymph nodes kufuphi nebele.
- Isigaba 2A: I-T1, N1, M0: Unesifo se-2 cm okanye encinci eye isasazeka ubuncinane kwi-lymph node eyodwa, OKANYE: i-tumor yakho iye yahlasela izicubu ezikufutshane ubuncinane ubuncinane buka-0.1 cm kwaye isasazeka ubuncinane kwi-lymph node eyodwa.
- Isigaba sesi-2A: T2, N0, M0: I-tumor yakho ingaphezu kwama-2 cm okanye ngaphantsi kwe-5 cm, kodwa ayizange ichaphazele nayiphi na i-lymph nodes.
- Isigaba sesi-2B: T2, N1, M0: I-tumor yakho inkulu kune-2 cm kwaye ingaphantsi kwama-5 cm, kwaye ibandakanye i-lymph nodes.
- Isigaba sesi-2B: T3, N0, M0: I-tumor yakho ingaphezu kwe-5 cm, kodwa ayizange ifinyelele eludongeni lwakho lwesifuba okanye esikhwameni, kwaye ayizange ihambe kuyo nayiphi na i-lymph nodes.
Unyango
I-oncologist yakho iya kuqulunqa zonke iziphumo zokuvavanya kumhlaza wakho kwaye ikunike uvavanyo olubanzi lokuxilongwa.
Izinyango zokwelapha ziya kuba zifana nezo zengxaki zomhlaza wesibeleko se-1, kunye nohlobo oluthile lwezondo ezinkulu okanye eziphezulu eziphezulu zomhlaza.
- Iingonyango zengingqi: Ukhetho lokuzonwabisa luya kubandakanya i- lumpectomy okanye i- mastectomy , enokulandelwa yonyango lwe- radiation ukuya kwindonga yesifuba okanye ibhokhwe. Ukuba ukucetyiswa kwemitha kuyakuchukumisa ixesha lokuvuselelwa kwebele olunakho.
- Iinkqubo Zonyango (Ii-Adjuvant Treatments): Ezi zonyango ziya kuthintela iiseli kuwo wonke umzimba wakho kwaye ziya kunceda ukukhusela ukuphindaphinda. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho, impilo jikelele, i- hormone receptor , i- lymph node ukubandakanyeka kunye neziphumo ze- HER2 / neu , unokwakheka i-chemotherapy , unyango lwe-hormonal , u- Herceptin , okanye ezinye iindlela zokwelapha ze-biological.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Neoadjuvant: Unokukhetha ukuhlinzwa ngokubeletha, kodwa unomzimba okhulu kakhulu ukuba ube nemiphumo emihle emva kwe-lumpectomy. Kule meko, i-oncologist yakho ingacebisa ukuba unyango lwenkqubo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, inethemba lokunciphisa isisu. Xa le ndlela iphumelele, i-tumor encinci ingasuswa kwaye unyango lwengingqi lunokunikwa xa lufuneka. Ezinye iimvumi aziphendulanga kakuhle kwandulela unyango kwaye xa kwenzeka, i-mastectomy iya kufuneka. Unokuqwalasela kwakhona ukubuyiswa kwebele .
UkuPhulwa kweeRhafu
I-National Cancer Data Base ifumanisa ukuba izinga lokusinda iminyaka emi-5 kwisifo se-2A somhlaza wesifuba singama-93 ekhulwini kwizigulane ezigqibe unyango. Unyango luye lwaphucuka kakhulu ngeli xesha, ngoko unokuba nethemba lokuba usinde ixesha elide ukuba usanda kufunyanwa. Uza kubona i-oncologist yakho iminyaka emihlanu yokunakekelwa kwenkathalo emva kweenyanga ezintathu kwaye emva kweenyanga ezintandathu. Emva kweminyaka emihlanu ungadinga kuphela ukubona i-oncologist kanye ngonyaka, kodwa ukutyelela ngokuqhelekileyo kuqhubela phambili ebomini bakho. Ezi tyelelo zibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukubuyiswa kuya kuhamba kakuhle kwaye ukuba unyango luya kufuneka.
Inkathalo yokuLandela
Unokuchitha ixesha eliphakathi kweenyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezilishumi elinesibhozo okanye ixesha elide kunyango olusebenzayo kwisigaba sakho sesi-2 somhlaza webele. Kungenzeka kube lula nje njengokuhlinzwa kwaye iiveki ezintandathu zemisebe, okanye zibandakanyeke njengeqela elipheleleyo le-chemo, i-radiation, kunye neyonyango elongezelelweyo. Ngayiphi na indlela, uya kuba nexesha elilandelelanayo lokulandelela ixesha eli-5 lokuhlolwa kwe-oncologist yakho, ngexesha apho ungadinga ukuthatha unyango lwe-hormone ukuba i-tumor yakho yayiyi-hormone ebucayi. Ezinye ze-oncologist zincoma i-hormonal therapy ehamba ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu ngalabo abane-tumoror-positive tumors. Ukuba une-tumor e-estrogen-receptor enokuthi, i-oncologist yakho inokuphinda ucebise ukuba usebenzisa i- bisphosphonate unyango ukuba u-postmenopausal. I-Bisphosphonates yimishanguzo esetyenziswa kwi-osteoporosis kodwa zonke zibonakala zikunceda ukunciphisa ithuba lokuba umdlavuza webele usasazeka kumathambo (indawo eqhelekileyo ye-metastases).
Ukujamelana
Ukuba usandul 'ukuvavanywa ukuba unomdlavuza wesibeleko se-2, unokuziva unxunguphekisile konke okufuneka ufunde. Hlola ezi ngcebiso malunga nalapho uqala khona ngomhlaza webele .
Ngombulelo, ngoku kukho ubuninzi bezinto eziphathekayo onokufumana inkxaso, kwaye ufunde kabanzi malunga nokuxilongwa kwakho. Cela uncedo uze ufikelele kubathandekayo bakho. Nangona usebenzisekile ukuba "oqinileyo" uncike kwabanye ekuxhaseni. Bandakanyeka kwelinye lamaqela enkxaso yesifo somhlaza webele okanye inkxaso yoluntu olukhoyo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, funda indlela yokuba ngummeli wakho kumnonophelo wakho womhlaza . Ionyango zonyango ziguquka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kubalulekile ukuqonda iindlela ezikhoyo ukuze ube yilungu elisebenzayo leqela lakho lotyando lomhlaza.
ILizwi elivela kwiSigaba 2 I-Cancer Breast
Ukuba uye wafumanisa ukuba unesifo somhlaza wesibeleko sesigaba se-2 umbono ulungile kakhulu. Unokuthi ube ne-chemotherapy kunye / okanye unyango lwe-radiation kunokuba i-tumor yakho yayiyi-stage 1, kodwa ezi zicubu zisaphathwa kakhulu. Oko kwathiwa, inkxaso iyabaluleka. Fumana kubahlobo. Funda ngokusemandleni akho ngomdlavuza wakho. Cinga ukubandakanya kwiqela lenkxaso yendawo okanye kwingingqi yomdlavuza woluntu. Unyango lomhlaza wesifuba luya kuphucula, kwaye ngaphezu kokuxhaswa, ezi ndawo ziindawo ezilungileyo zokuhlala zingenangqiqo nophando olusandul 'umdla ngomhlaza webele. Okubaluleke kakhulu, yiba ngummeli wakho ekunyamekeleni kwakho. Qinisekisa ukuba uyayiqonda isicwangciso sakho sonyango kwaye ukhumbule ukuba ungumntu obaluleke kakhulu kwiqela lokunyamekela umdlavuza.
> Imithombo:
> INational Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa kweNtsholongwane kaBestile (PDQ) - I-Health Professional Version. https://www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/breast-treatment-pdq.