U-Nancy wayenokhemotherapy ekuqaleni kwee-1980 ukuphindaphinda umdlavuza wakhe webele . Emva koko, i-chemo zonyango zanikezwa ngamanani amakhulu kunoko ngoku, kwaye ngaphantsi kwaziwa malunga nokuthintela iziphumo ezibi. Wagula kakhulu kwaye wabuthathaka ngexesha lokonyango, kwaye enye yeziyobisi yabangela ukuba abe yimpumputhe okwesikhashana. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini kamva, xa ndithatha i-chemo, amanani amancinci kwaye kwangaphambili unyango luye lwaziswa ukuba lube lukhuni kwimiphumo emibi kakhulu.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Chemotherapy ngomhlaza wesifuba uye waphucula kakhulu, kwaye izinga lokuphila liphucula.
Ukuze kukuncedise ukuba uqonde izinto ezisisiseko malunga ne-chemotherapy, indlela enokukuchaphazela ngayo kunye nezigqibo zonyango lwakho, ndakhangela phezulu oko iingcali zitsho kwi- UpToDate- inkcazelo ekhompyutheni ethembekileyo eyenziwa ngabaninzi be-oncologists abaphatha izigulane zomhlaza zesifuba.
Unokwenza okanye ungadingi imithi yonyango. Kodwa kuya kufuneka ukuba ukwazi ukuba i-chemotherapy iya kukunceda ngokuphucula amathuba akho okusinda. Qala ngokufunda le ngxubusho ukuze ubone ukuba kungani i-chemotherapy ibalulekile kuwe.
Ngokutsho kwe- UpToDate, i- chemotherapy ibhekisela ekusetyenzisweni kwamachiza ukuyeka okanye ukunciphisa ukukhula kwamaseli omhlaza. I-Chemotherapy isebenza ngokuphazamisa ukukwazi ukukhula kweeseli (njengama-cell cells) ukwahlula okanye ukuphindaphinda. Ngenxa yokuba ininzi yamaseli aqhelekileyo awahluliyo okanye aphindaphindiwe, abachaphazelekayo yi-chemotherapy.
Nangona kunjalo, umongo wethambo (apho iiseli zegazi ziveliswa), iifollic hair, kunye nebhedi yephepha lesisu (GI) lonke likhula. Iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo zamachiza e-chemotherapy zihambelana nemiphumo kulezi nezinye izicubu eziqhelekileyo.
Yintoni i-Chemotherapy?
I-Chemotherapy inokuchazwa njengendlela yokwelapha kweekhemikhali ukuphatha okanye ukulawula isifo.
I-Chemotherapy yomhlaza wesisu yonyango lwenkqubo, echaphazela uninzi lweeseli emzimbeni wakho. Ezi ziyobisi ezinamandla zisetyenziselwa ukubulala okanye ukulibaziseka ukukhula komhlaza wamaseli ngokuphazamisa iDNA yabo, ukuvelisa iprotheni, ukuthintela ukwahlukana kweeseli, ukulamba indlala, okanye ukuvimbela ama-hormone receptors.
Ziziphi iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa umdlavuza webele?
Amachiza amaninzi kunye nee-regimens zilwa nomhlaza wesifuba. Nazi ezinye zezidibanisa iziyobisi:
- I-CMF: i- Cytoxan (cyclophosphamide), i-methotrexate kunye ne- 5-FU (5-fluorouracil)
- I-AC: i- Adriamycin (doxorubicin) ne-Cytoxan
- I-CAF okanye i-FAC: i- Cytoxan, i-Adriamycin kunye ne-5-FU
- CEF okanye i-FEC: i- Cytoxan, i-Ellence (i-epirubicin) kunye ne-5-FU
- I-TC: I- Taxotere (docetaxel) ne-Cytoxan
Ngaba Ndifuna Izidakamizwa Ezongezelelweyo Ukunyanga I-Cancer?
Ezinye izifo ziza kufuna ukongezwa kwamanye amayeza, ukujolisa kwiiprotheni ezithile okanye ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kunye nezondlo kwi-tumor. Olu hlobo lonyango lubizwa ngokuba yi-biologic therapy. Ezi ziquka:
- I-Herceptin ye- HER2 I-Cancer Positive Cancer
- I-Tykerb (i-lapatinib) ye-HER2 I-positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
U-Avastin akasayi kuvunyelwa ukonyango lomhlaza webele.
Unyango lwe-Chemotherapy olunikezwa njani?
Amachiza amaninzi ekhemotherapy yomhlaza wesifuba anikezelwa ngoluhlobo olumanzi, njengama-infusions, okanye ama-injections, kodwa afumaneka njengepilisi okanye amaphilisi.
Ezinye iziyobisi zinganikwa zodwa, kunye nezinye iziyobisi zidibaniswe ukusebenzisana. Xa izidakamizwa ze-chemo zinikezelwa ngokudibeneyo, unyango lubizwa ngokuba yi- regimen . I-chemotherapy engenayo i-intravenous is given in infusions ye-7 ukuya kwi-21 yemihla ngemihla.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-chemo inikezelwa kanye emva kweeveki ezintathu, kwaye uya kufuna ixesha lokungena ukuze uphinde ufumane igazi lakho kwaye uvumele ukuba iziyobisi zisebenze. I-dose ephantsi-ntlawulo inikezelwa ngeveki, njengokuba umthamo omncinci weziyobisi uza kufuna ixesha elide lokubuyisela. I-chemo yomlomo ingathathwa imihla ngemihla, okanye njengoko iyalathwayo. Izigulane zinganikwa ngaphambi, ngexesha okanye emva kwe-infusion ye-chemo.
Kutheni i-Chemotherapy ibangela imiphumo ecaleni?
Uhlobo olunamandla lwonyango lwe-chemo luyabini amandla kunye nesizathu saloo nto idalwe ngayo ngokumalunga nemiphumo emibi.
I-Chemo ijolise iiseli ezikhula ngokukhawuleza ezifana nomhlaza. Iyakuchukumisa neeseli zakho ezikhulayo ngokukhawuleza ezifana negazi, izicubu ezinamaqabunga kwindlela yakho yokugaya, umunwe kunye nezikhonkwane , kunye neentlobo zezinwele . Ezi ziphumo ziya kupheliswa emva kokuba ugqibile unyango.
Ndingayifumana Njani Uncedo Ukujamelana Nezonyango?
Ngaphambi kokuba nganye i-chemo infusion, uya kunikwa imishanguzo yokukhusela isisulu sokuncwina nokuhlanza . Ezi zi nokuba ngamapilisi, abanye bangase babe ngamanzi afakwe kwi-drift. Emva kokunyakanyiswa kwakho, kunokufuna ukuba uthathe imishanguzo yokunciphisa isisulu, ngoko qi Unokuba unikwe imishanguzo ye-antigengenic, okanye ezinye izinto ukukhusela izicubu zakho eziphilileyo. Qiniseka ukuba uvumele ugqirha wakho kunye nabahlengikazi ukuba baziphi na iziphumo ezizeleyo, kwaye zinzima kangakanani. Cela uncedo ekulawuleni imiphumo emibi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iimpawu zingancitshiswa okanye zithintelwe.
I-Chemotherapy ichaphazela ukuzala kwakho kwangoku kunye nexesha elizayo
Ukuba u-foremenopausal ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango, qaphela ukuba i-chemo inokukubeka kwimizuzu yokugqibela yesikhashana. Amaxesha akho angasima, kwaye unokufumana ithuba lokunyangwa komntu , elingasesikhashana okanye elingasigxina. Izidakamizwa ezithile ze-chemo ziyaziwa ngokubangela ukungabikho.
Ukuba unayo ingcinga malunga nokukhulelwa kwangaphambili, vumela i-oncologist yakho ukuba wazi ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango. Buza ukuba zeziphi ukhetho lwakho ukuba uceba ukuzongeza kwintsapho yakho. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho, i-regimen yeyeza, kunye neeranti, ukuzala kwakho kungabuya emva kokunyanga. Kodwa ukuba kukho ithuba lokuba uya kuba ngumntu ongenasiphelo, kufuneka uwazi ngaphambi kokuqala kwakho kwe-chemo infusion.
> Umthombo
> Harold Burstein, MD, Ph.D. "I-chemotherapy ye-Adjuvant kunye ne-trastuzumab (i-Herceptin) kwintsholongwane yokuqala yesifo somhlaza." I-UpToDate.