Umsebenzi weGazi uchazwe
Ukuba utyunjwa - nokuba yinkqubo encinci - ugqirha unokuyalela iimvavanyo zegazi. Ngoxa ukutolika iimvavanyo zegazi kulungele ukuba ugqirha, kungenokuba luncedo ukuqonda oko uvavanyo olufunayo, kwaye oko kuthathwa njengesiphumo "sesiqhelo".
Kukho amakhulu eemvavanyo zegazi ezahlukileyo ezingenziwa kwibhuyibhile, kodwa eziqhelekileyo zenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa; ezi mvavanyo ziqhelekileyo kwaye akufanele zibangele i-alarm.
Umboneleli ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulane sisemgangathweni yempilo kwinkqubo kwaye uhlolisise nayiphi na imimiselo enokubangela iingxaki ezinokukhusela.
Uvavanyo lwegazi luhlala lwenziwa emva kwenkqubo yokujonga ukuphuma kwegazi, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba izitho zisebenza kakuhle emva kokuhlinzwa.
Ngamaxesha amaninzi le mvavanyo iyenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngobusuku emva kokuhlinzwa. Oku akuthethi ukuba kunokulindela ukuba into engalunganga, ngokuqhelekileyo le mvavanyo iqinisekisa ukuba yonke into iyahamba emva kokuhlinzwa. Izigulane kwi-ICU zinokulindela ukufumana iimvavanyo zegazi rhoqo. Ukuba isigulane sisesipilini unokulindela ukuba igazi legazi elijongene negazi liza kutsalwa imihla ngemihla okanye ngakumbi.
Uvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo:
I-Chem 7: Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-chemistry yegazi, okanye iphaneli yechemistry, olu vavanyo lujonge amanqanaba e-enzyme ebalulekileyo egazini kwaye iphinda ihlole umsebenzi weentso. Ukongezelela, izinga le-glucose egazini lifunyenwe kulo mvavanyo kwaye lunokubonisa ukuba umntu ufuna iimvavanyo zesifo sikashukela.
Iimvavanyo ezisixhenxe ezibandakanyiweyo kwi-Chem 7 ziquka:
- I-Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
- I-Serum Glucose
- Creatinine
- I-Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
- Serum Chloride
- ISerum Sodium
- Serum Potassium
CBC:
Inani elipheleleyo legazi, okanye iCBC, lijonge iiseli ezahlukeneyo ezenza igazi elipheleleyo. I-CBC ingakwazi ukwazisa ugqirha ukuba umzimba wenza inombolo efanelekileyo yohlobo ngalunye lweseli, kwaye luyakwazi ukubonakalisa iimpawu zentsholongwane yangoku okanye ngokutsha, ukuphuma kwamanzi, okanye imiba.
Emva kokuhlinzwa, ugqirha unokuyalela lo vavanyo ukuba abone ukuba ukunyelwa igazi kuqinisekiswe, okanye ukuba isigulane sitshatyalaliswe kwaye sidinga ukongeza kwamanzi.
I-CBC iquka:
- I-White Blood Count (WBC)
- I-Red Blood Count (RBC)
- Platelet Count (Plt)
- IHemoglobin
- Hematocrit
"I-H & H" ifana neCBC kodwa ibheka kuphela i-hemoglobin ne-hematocrit.
I-Blood Complete Complete Inqaku
PT, PTT & INR
Ezi zivivinyo, ezaziwa ngokubanzi njengepaneli ye-coagulation, jonga ngokukhawuleza ukuba igazi livale. Izihlandlo eziphakanyisiweyo eziphakanyisiweyo zingabangela iingxaki ekuhlinzekeni, ngelixa ukuphuma igazi kudlalwa kulindeleke. Ukuba isiphumo sibonisa ixesha elide ixesha elide kunokuba liqhelekile, kunokuba kuyimfuneko ukulibaziseka ukuhlinzwa ukukhusela ukuphuma kwamanzi ngexesha le nkqubo.
Mayelana ne-PT, i-PTT & INR Iimvavanyo
Enzymes
Izifundo zomsebenzi wesibindi, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-LFTs, zenziwa ukuba zichane ukuba isibindi sisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Ngenxa yokuba isibindi sidlala indima ekususeni i-aneshesia ukusuka kwigazi kunye nokuqheleka kwegazi, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphambi kwenkqubo. Amanani aphakamileyo angabonisa umsebenzi wesibindi esibi okanye umonakalo wesibindi.
Uvavanyo olongezelelweyo, olubizwa ngokuba yiGGT, lungafakwa kwipaneli yesibindi. Olu vavanyo lunokubonisa ukuba kukho umonakalo kwisibindi okanye kumdaka ojikelezayo kodwa akucaci ukuba yeyiphi umonakalo okhoyo.
Ucwaningo lomsebenzi wesibindi luquka:
- I-Aspartate Phosphatase (AST), eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-SGOT
- Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-SGPT
- Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)
- Iyonke ibilirubin
- Bilirubin ngqo
- Bhalisa iBilirubin
- Albumin
IGesi yeGesi yeGesi
Igazi egazini legazi , elibizwa ngokuba yi-ABG, lijonga indlela inkqubo yokuphefumula isebenza ngayo kwaye ingakanani i-oksijini egazini. Olu vavanyo ludinga igazi emthonjeni, ophethwe yi-oxygen ngokupheleleyo ngemiphophu kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswe kumthi we-radial kwisandla. Iziphumo ezingavumelekanga zingabonisa ukuba igazi liphantsi kwe-oksijeni, ukuba isigulane siphefumula kakhulu okanye sincinci (kwi-ventilator ngexesha locwangco), okanye ukuba badinga i-oxygen eyongezelelweyo.
I-ABG isenziwa ubuncinci kanye ngosuku xa isigulane sisesiphethini sexesha elide. Iziphumo zisetyenziselwa ukuchonga ukuba kukho nayiphi na utshintsho kwisethingi se-ventilator. Ukuba isigulane sise-ICU, i-IV ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba ngumgca wendlela yokulwa nayo ingenziwa ukuba kwenziwe lula ukuguqula igazi, ngakumbi xa kuqhutywa rhoqo.
Uhlobo lwe-ABG lubandakanya:
- pH: Ibhalansi ye-asidi / isiseko segazi legazi
- I-PC02: Ingakanani i-carbon dioxide egazini
- I-PO2: Ingakanani i-oksijeni ejoliswe kwigazi
- HCO3: Amanqanaba eBicarbonate angabonisa imiba yomsebenzi wezintso
- I-O2: Ingakanani i-oksijini ekhoyo kwiimfucu zomzimba ukuba zisetyenziswe
I-ABG Ukuchazwa kuyinselele kakhulu kwaye iqhutyelwa ngamagqirha okanye ababoneleli.
Uhlobo lwe-ABO: Uhlobo lwe-ABO ligama lonyango lokumisela uhlobo lwegazi lomguli. Oku kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ngoko igazi linga kunikwa kwigumbi lokusebenza xa kuyimfuneko. Uninzi lwezonyango aludingi ukumpontshelwa igazi, kodwa ezinye iinkqubo, ezinjenge-pump-heartpast surgery, zisoloko zifuna ukulawulwa kwegazi. Unokucelwa ukuba usayine ifomu yokuvuma yokulawulwa kwegazi phambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho, nangona ukuxilongwa akuyona into eqhelekileyo yenkqubo, ukuba kwenzeka ukuba kufuneke.
Igazi leNkcubeko kunye nobuzwe
Inkcubeko yegazi yinkqubo apho isampula encinci yegazi lakho ithathwa kwaye isetyenziswe kwibhabhi apho ifakwe kwindlela ekhulayo engaqhelekanga "inondla" ibhaktheriya. Isampuli igcinwa efudumele kwaye emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, ihlolwe ukuba ibone ukuba i-bacteria ikhula.
Ukuba ibhaktheriya iya kukhula, mhlawumbi ibhaktheriya ekhula egazini lakho. Ukuba iibhaktheriya zikhula, ke zichazwe kwii-antibiotic ezahlukeneyo, ukubona ukuba yeyiphi i-antibiotics eyona ndlela iphumelele kakhulu ekuphatheni intsholongwane yakho. Le ndlela yenzululwazi yokukhetha i-antibiotiki engcono kwintsholongwane yakho ngaphandle kokunika i-antibiotic ezininzi kwaye unethemba lokuba enye isebenza kakuhle.
ILizwi
Nangona kuncedo ukuba ube nokuqonda ngokubanzi kwiziphumo zebhu kunye noko bathethayo, umboneleli wezempilo uyenaxanduva lokutolika iziphumo nokugqiba indlela yokuphendula ngayo. Iziphumo zobhalo zokutolika ziyikhono elihloniphekileyo kwiminyaka, ngoko ungaveki isidingo sokuqonda yonke imiba yeempendulo zakho zebhu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uphulaphule ngokukhawuleza xa umboneleli echaza isicwangciso sabo nendlela abafuna ukuqhubeka ngayo ngononophelo lwakho.
> Umthombo:
> Ukuhlaziywa kobuzwe. Medline Plus.