Ukuqonda iziphumo zokuvavanya kwegazi
Ngaphambi kokuba ugqirha ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo zegazi ukujonga ukuba igazi lakho likhawuleza kangakanani. Eli qela leemvavanyo liyaziwa njenge-coagulation study. Ngokwaloo mvavanyo zibizwa ngokuba yi-PT (i-Prothrombin Time), i-PTT (i-Partial Thromboplastin Time), kunye ne-INR (i-International Normalized Ratio).
Ngethuba lotyando oluthile kubalulekile ukuba igazi lingagqithanga ngokukhawuleza njengento eqhelekileyo, kwaye amayeza anganikwa ukuphucula ixesha lokuvala.
Izidakamizwa eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa i-clotting zinamaqela ahlukeneyo, kodwa i- Heparin , i-Coumadin, i- Lovenox ne-Warfarin ziphakathi kwezona ziqhelekileyo. Kwamanye amaxesha, isigulane asikwazi ukukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, kwaye amanyathelo angathathwa ukuze enze i-blood clot ngokukhawuleza.
Iziphumo ezibhalwe ngezantsi zi "zixabiso eziqhelekileyo" kunokuba iziphumo esizithembayo xa umntu ethatha igazi elincinci. Abagcini begazi baya kwenza igazi lithathe ixesha elide ukuba livale, ngoko isigulane esithatha igazi elincinci lindeleke ukuba libe nemiphumo yeebra ephakamileyo (edeleyo) kunezo zidweliswe apha.
Iprothrombin Time Test Test-PT
Olu vavanyo lwenziwe ukuhlola igazi ngenxa yokukwazi ukuvala. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuba kuhlolwe ukuba isigulane sinokuba njani neengxaki zokuphuma okanye emva kokuhlinzwa.
Imilinganiselo ye-PT eqhelekileyo: imizuzwana 10-12 (oku kuyahluka ngokukodwa kwilebhu kwibhanti)
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zeP PT zihlala ziquka ukungabikho kwe-vitamin K, izidakamizwa ze-hormone eziquka ukutshintshwa kwe-hormone kunye nokukhulelwa komlomo, kusasazwa i-coagulation yengqondo (ingxaki enkulu yokufuna ukungena kwangoko), izifo zesibindi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-anti-coagulant drug warfarin.
Ukongezelela, umphumo we-PT unokutshintshwa ngokutya okuphezulu kwi-vitamin K, isibindi, itiye eluhlaza, imifuno eluhlaza, kunye nama-soybean.
Ixesha lePartial Thromboplastin I-Blood Test-PTT
Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ngokuyinhloko ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-heparin (ithambo legazi) lisebenza kakuhle. Ingasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ubukho bentsholongwane.
Ayibonakali imiphumo yeziyobisi ezibizwa ngokuthi "i-molecular weight heparin" okanye ininzi ngokuqhelekileyo ngegama lomenzi uLovenox.
Iimpawu zee-PTT eziqhelekileyo: imizuzwana engama-30 ukuya kweyesi-45 (oku kunokubaluleka kancinane kwilebhu kwibhanti)
Izihlandlo zeTTT ezongezelelweyo zingaba ngumphumo wonyango lwe-anticoagulation, iingxaki zesibindi, i-lupus, kunye nezinye izifo ezibangelwa ukucima.
Uvavanyo lweMimandla yeSizwe yoLuntu oluPhezulu lweMvavanyo-mali
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-INR: 1 ukuya ku-2
I-INR isetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba iziphumo ezivela kuvavanyo lwe-PT zifana kunye nelebhu enye njengoko kukho kwenye ibra. Ngama-1980 uMbutho wezeMpilo weSizwe unqume ukuba izigulane zisenokuba mngcipheko ngenxa yokuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-PT ziyahlukahluka kwibrabhu enye ukuya kwelinye, ngokusekelwe kwindlela uhlolo lwenziwa ngayo. Uluhlu "oluqhelekileyo" kwibrayi enye luyahlukahlukileyo kunexabiso "eliqhelekileyo" ukusuka kwelinye lebhu, ukudala iingxaki kwizigulana ezaphathwa kwiindawo ezininzi. Ukuze kulungelelaniswe iziphumo phakathi kweelabhu, i-INR yadalwa. Iiphumo le-INR kufuneka libe yinto efanayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba indawo iphi na iimvavanyo.
> Imithombo:
> PTT. I-American Association of Clinical Chemistry https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/aptt/tab/glance
> Zehnder JL. Ukusetyenziswa kwezonyango kwiimvavanyo ze-coagulation. Ku: UkuPhakamisa. 2017. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-use-coagulation-tests