Iifom zegazi ezibomvu, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-PRBCs okanye nje "iiseli ezipakishweyo", zihlobo lwegazi lokutshintshwa kwegazi elisetyenziselwa ukumpontshelwa igazi . Ukuba isigulane sidinga igazi, kukho iindidi ezininzi zegazi ezikhoyo. Ugqirha uya kwenza ukhetho lwoluhlobo lwegazi oluza kunikwa.
Iifom zegazi ezibomvu zinikezelwa kwiimeko apho isiguli esilahlekelwe ngumlinganiselo omkhulu wegazi okanye i-anemia ebangela iimpawu eziphawulekayo.
Uninzi lwabantu bacinga ukuba xa befumana igazi, bafumana igazi elipheleleyo kuba yiloo nto abayifumanayo kwi-drive drive. Igazi elilodwa linikela, elibizwa ngokuba "igazi elipheleleyo," linama-plasma kunye neengqombela zegazi ezibomvu. I-Plasma yinxalenye yamanzi egazini kwaye iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka embala kwaye yenza 55% yomsindo wegazi. Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu zenza i-45% yegazi kunye nombala obomvu abantu abaninzi bacinga xa becinga ngegazi.
Leli gazi lonke aliqhelekanga ukudluliselwa ngaphandle kokuba isigulane sidinga inani elikhulu legazi lokulwa nokulahlekelwa igazi okukhulu. Endaweni yoko, iiseli ezibomvu ezipakishweyo, egazini legazi elipheleleyo ngaphandle kwesahlulo se-plasma, sinikezelwa.
Kutheni i-Red Blood cells?
Iimfono zegazi ezibomvu zibalulekile kwimpilo enhle kwaye ziyakwazi ukulahleka ngenxa yentlekele (inxeba yengozi, ingozi yemoto), ukuphuma kwangaphakathi, okanye iingxaki zempilo ezifana ne-anemia ebalulekileyo.
Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu zithwala i-oksijini emiphakeni ukuya kwiimfumba zomzimba. Ukuchonga ukuba ukunikezelwa kwegazi kufuneka kunikwe, uvavanyo lwegazi olubizwa ngokuba lipheleleyo legazi (CBC) lwenziwa.
Umntu ofuna iimfomvu zegazi ezibomvu uziva ebuthathaka kwaye unokuziva engenakho ukuphefumla ngemisebenzi encinane. Ngaphambi kokumpontshelwa okufunekayo, isigulane sinokubonakala siphaphaze kwaye sivakalelwa.
Basenokuziva bexakekile, banokuziva ngathi intliziyo yabo "ukugijima" okanye kunzima ukugxila.
Ukutshintshwa kweeNgcini zeNgcino zegazi
Igazi elipheleleyo lingasetyenziselwa ukudluliswa, endaweni yoko, isigaba isiguli sidinga sinikezelwa. Isigulane sinokufumana i-plasma, okanye iiseli ezibomvu zepakethe, okanye ukuba kukho imfuno zombini inokunikezwa.
Emva kokunikezelwa ngegazi kuqokelelwe, iinqununu zihlukaniswe kwi-centrifuge, ngoko ke inani elincinci le-anticoagulant longezwa ukuze kugcinwe iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ekugqibeleni. Igazi ligcinwe efrijini kwaye lilungile malunga neentsuku ezingama-42 ukususela kumhla wokunikela.
I-PRBC kufuneka ihambelane nommkeli, oku kuthetha ukuba uhlobo lwegazi lomnikeli kunye nommkeli kufuneka luhambelane. Ukuba igazi alihambelananga ngokufanelekileyo, umphumo unokusabela ngokusongela ubomi, ngoko umdlalo uphendwa kabini ngabaqeshwa bebhorki kunye nabongikazi ubuncinci.
Phantse kwisinye sezigulane ezisibhozo esibhedlele sidinga ukudluliselwa. Amathuba okudinga ukudluliselwa kwegazi aphezulu xa utyunjwa, kwaye unokuxelelwa phambi kwenkqubo oya kufuna igazi. Ezinye izigulane zikhetha ukunqanda ukumpontshelwa igazi xa kunokwenzeka okanye zineenkolelo zonqulo ezingavumi ukumpontshelwa igazi.
Ngenxa yoko, ukuhlinzwa ngaphandle kwegazi , iqela lezakhono ezikunceda izigulane ukuphepha okanye ukunciphisa isidingo segazi ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwa ezi zi gulane.
Khu seleko lweGazi
Uvavanyo olunzulu luyenziwe ukukhusela igazi elihlambulukileyo ekufinyeleleni igazi. Ukuqwalaselwa kokuqala kwenziwa ukwenzela ukuba umniki-mhlaba akanalo imeko yezocwangco okanye iimpawu ezinobungozi obuphezulu ezenza umnikelo wegazi ungabulumko. Umnikeli uphinde ahlolwe izifo ezikhoyo, ezifana nokubandayo okanye umkhuhlane okanye usulelo (ingozi yokusasaza isifo kummkeli). Xa igazi liqokelelwe, livavanywa kwizifo ezithathelwanayo, kubandakanya i-hepatitis ne-HIV.
Ukunikezelwa kwegazi eUnited States kukuphakathi kokukhuselekileyo kwihlabathi, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ungaphandle kwe-US, inqanaba lokhuseleko lingahluka ngokubanzi. Kwamanye amazwe, unokuba nobunzima bokufumana igazi (ukunikezelwa okuncinciweyo), ukubonelela akunakucingelwa ukuba kukhuselekile, okanye ukuvavanywa akunakho okwaneleyo.
Iindleko zeNtlawulo yeGazi
Ukumpontshelwa kweyunithi enye (ibhegi enye) yamaseli obomvu aqhutywe kungena kwi $ 522 ukuya kwi $ 1,183. Inani leenqununu ezinikwe ekumfakeni liyakwazi ukuhamba naphina kwiyunithi enye kumntu onomdlavuza, ukuya kwamashumi amane okanye amahlanu kwisigulane esigula kakhulu esenza ukubola nokufa ngaphandle kwegazi ngokukhawuleza.
Ngoxa kuyi nyaniso ukuba abaxhasi abahlawulwanga ngokunikela ngegazi labo, ngaphandle kwesipho somqondiso okanye i-snack, igazi lihlala libiza kakhulu. Ezi ntlawulo zinceda ukuhlawula abasebenzi abasebenza ngegazi kunye neenkqubo zegazi, iindleko zokuthutha, abasebenzi basebhanki begazi kunye nabasebenzi abahlengikazi abapha igazi.
Imithombo
Igazi lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Igazi leMpilo. http://www.bloodcare.org.uk/blood_transfusion_abroad.html
IsiFundo Esitsha Esishicilelweyo Sifumana Iindleko Zogqithiso lweGazi liBaluleke kakhulu, lingabonakali ixabiso le-$ 522 ukuya kwi-1,183 yeCandelo ngalinye. Newswire. http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/new-published-study-finds-cost-of-blood-transfusions-is-cost-flood-transfusions-is-cock-blood-transfusions-is-cock-blood-transfusions-is- ukuya kwi-1183-ngeyunithi-89909747.html
56 Amanqaku Ngegazi. Amaziko eGazi eMerika. http://www.americasblood.org/go.cfm?do=Page.View&pid=12