Intsapho Yengqumbo Eyingqungquthela Eqhelekileyo Kwiintshaba
I-patent ductus arteriosus, okanye i-PDA, yintlungu yesifo senhliziyo esaqhelekileyo kwiintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha apho i-ductus arteriosus (isitya esithinta umthambo we-pulmonary to the aorta) ehluleka ukuvala.
Xa oku kwenzeka, ivumela elinye igazi legazi ukuba lidlule emapapeni. Ukuba ishiywe ingaphendulwanga, i-PDA inokukhokelela ekubeni yingozi yomshukela wegazi , i-cardiac arrhythmia (intliziyo engavumelekanga), kunye nokuhluleka kwentliziyo ye-congestive.
I-PDA ichaphazela phantse isiqingatha sazo zonke iiprojekithi ezincinci (ezithunyelwa phambi kweeveki ezingama-26 okanye ubunzima obungaphantsi kwesigidi esinye) kunye neepesenti ezili-15 zezithaya ezizalwe kwiiveki ezingama-30. Bambalwa abancinci-iintsana ezisekupheleni kwe-PDA.
Indlela i-Patent Ductus Arteriosus eyenzeka ngayo
Ngaphambi kokuzalwa, igazi legazi lixutywe nge-placenta kwaye kungekhona imiphunga. Ngenxa yalokhu, inkqubo yokuphefumula yomntwana ihluke kakhulu kwintsana.
Kwi-fetus, inani elincinci legazi lihamba ngqo kumapayipi azaliswe ngamanzi ukuze anondle. Ezinye zihanjiswa emzimbeni njengoko igazi lihanjiswe kwi-ductus arteriosus, kwi-aorta, nangaphandle kwentliziyo.
Ekuzalweni, umsebenzi wokuphefumula ushintsho: umntwana uqala ukuphefumula umoya, kwaye nayiphina igazi eliyithunyelwa kwimiphunga i-oxygen. Kule nqanaba, i-ductus arteriosus ithetha ukuvala. Xa kungenjalo, elinye igazi le-deoxygenated lidlula umphunga kwaye liphinde lihanjiswe kwi-aorta apho iphoshelwe khona emzimbeni kwifom e-oxygengen.
Iimpawu zePatent Ductus Arteriosus
Intliziyo yokukrokra ngokuqhelekileyo ibonakaliso lokuqala lwe-PDA ezisanda kuzalwa. I-PDA encinci ayinakubangela iingxaki ezibalulekileyo, ngoko ke akaqhelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, xa i-PDA inkulu, inokubangela iimpawu ezibalulekileyo, eziquka:
- Lethargy kunye nobuthathaka
- Ukuphefumula okanye ukuphefumula
- Ukukhupha (kakhulu kunamandla) ipulse
- I-Tachycardia (inqanaba lentliziyo elingaphezu kwezinga eliphumayo lokuphumla)
- I-Cyanosis (umbala wesikhumba ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka-ngenxa ye-oxygen), echaphazela kakhulu imida engaphantsi
- Dyspnea (ukuphefumula okufutshane)
- Ukutya okubi
- Ukuhla ukusinda
- Ukungaphumeleli ukukhula
Ukuchonga nokuPhatha i-Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Ukuba i-PDA ikhunjulwa, i- echocardiogram yentliziyo iya kwenziwa. Inkqubo, eyaziwa njenge-echo cardiaac, isebenzisa amagagasi omsindo ukuze ifake isistim entliziyweni. I-X-ray isifuba sinokuthi iyalwe (njengokuba ii-PDA ezinkulu zinokubangela ukwandiswa kwenhliziyo).
Ukuba ufunyanwe, ezininzi ze-PDA ziza kushiywa ukuze zivale ngokwazo. Ukuba iPDA ebangela izibonakaliso, ugqirha unako ukukhetha unyango lwe-IV njenge-NeoProfen (uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-ibuprofen) okanye i-indomethacin.
Kulabo abanesifo sengqondo somfutho wegazi, ukutya okunesondlo kunokunqunyelwa ukukhusela i-buildup excessives ye-fluids enokubeka uxinzelelo olungapheliyo entliziyweni.
Kwezinye iimeko, ukuhlinzwa kunokufuneka. Kwiintsana ezidinga ukuhlinzwa, inkqubo eqhelekileyo, ebizwa ngokuba ngu-PDA ligation operation, ingenziwa. Uninzi alufunanga ukuhlinzwa kwintliziyo evulekile kodwa endaweni yoko usebenzisa i-catheter efakwe kwisiteyhini somfazi okanye umvini ukuvala ukuvula.
> Umthombo:
> Intliziyo yeSizwe, iLung, kunye neNkcazi yeGazi: iiNational Institutes of Health. "I-Patent Ductus Arteriosus." EBethesda, eMaryn; hlaziywa ngoSeptemba 26, 2011.