Isifo seLyme yiyona nto ixhaphake kakhulu kwiikiti e-United States. Iyakuchukumisa amajoyina akho, inkqubo yesifo, intliziyo, isikhumba kunye namehlo. Idluliselwa ngokubethelwa kweentlobo ezithile zeekhakiti ezibizwa njengamaqabunga amnyama okanye amanqatha. Amagqabantshi omdaka omdala aphakathi nobukhulu beentlobo zeesame kunye nee-ticks ze-nymphal (abantwana) zingabungakanani bexesha ekupheleni kwesi sigwebo .
Ukunciphisa ukuchithwa kweengciksi kukukhusela kwakho okusemandleni ekunqumeni isifo seLyme. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ongazisebenzisa ukukhusela nokulawula isifo seLyme.
Gwema iiNdawo eziThatywayo
Nangona ngokuqhelekileyo kuphela malunga neepesenti eziyi-1 zazo zonke iikhiza zontanga ezitheleleke ngegciwane lesifo seLyme, kwezinye iindawo ezingaphezu kwesigamu sazo zihlala kwiigciwane. Abantu abaninzi abanesifo seLyme baxilwe ngoMeyi ukuya kuJulayi, xa iifomthi ezifayo zixhaphake kakhulu. Kwiindawo ezifudumalayo, inyamazane ikhupha ikhula kwaye iyaluma ngexesha leenyanga zasebusika.
Iikiti ze-Deer zihlala zifumaneka kwiindawo ezinemihlathi kunye neengqimba ezinobuntsundu obude kunye namagqabi amaqabunga, kunye neziqhamo ezikufutshane, kwaye zixhaphake ngakumbi apho iindawo zidibene khona. Banokuhlala emanqeni nasegadi, ngokukodwa kwimida yehlathi kunye neendonga zamatye ezindala.
Ngenxa yokuba abantu abadala abadala bakondla ngezilwanyana, iindawo apho iindlala zivame ukubonwa khona zinokubamba inani elikhulu leengxube zontanga.
Xa ungena kwiindawo zokukhawuleza, hamba phakathi kweendlela ukuze ugweme ukudibanisa notshani obuninzi, amahlathi kunye neelayi. Inkonzo yepaki yasendaweni okanye isebe lempilo linokuxelela ukuba zeziphi iindawo ezikhethiweyo.
Ugqoke ngokufanelekileyo
Ukugqoka iimpahla ezithile kunokukunceda ukuba ugweme iikethi. Cinga ngezi ngcebiso:
- Gqoka ibhulukhwe ende, iikhati ezinde, kunye neesokisi ezinde ukuze ugcine iikiti kwiziko lakho.
- Gqoka iimpahla ezimhlophe okanye ezikhanyayo ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukubona amaqabunga.
- Gqoka isitya.
- Ukubopha izinwele ezinde.
- Gqoka izicathulo (akukho ziinyawo ezingenanto okanye izicathulo).
- Imilenze ye-Tuck pant i-socks okanye iibhothi kunye neempuphu ezinamaqabunga zibe ngamaqabunga ukuze uncede ukugcina iimpawu zokugqoka.
- Tape indawo apho amabhulukhwe akho kunye neesokisi zidibanisa ukukhusela iikhiza ekukhawuleni phantsi kweengubo.
- Musa ukuhlala ngqo kumhlaba okanye kufuphi neendonga zamatye.
Sebenzisa abaguki beTikiti
Gcoba i-tick repellent kwiingubo kunye nezicathulo phambi kokungena kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo. Sebenzisa i-repellent kunye neepesenti ezingama-20 ukuya kuma-50 e- DEET (N , N-diethyl-meta-toluamide ) kwisikhumba sabantu abadala kunye neengubo zokunceda ukukhusela iikiti. Nangona iphumelele kakhulu, iindleko zingabangela iziphumo ezibi kakhulu, ngakumbi xa usebenzisa izilwanyana eziphezulu ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwesikhumba. Iintsana kunye nabantwana ngokukhethekileyo banokungena kwiimpembelelo ezimbi kwi-DEET. Ukuba usebenzise ngokuphindaphindiweyo izikhuhlane zezilwanyana kunye neziphumo ze-DEET ezingaphezulu kweepesenti ezili-15, kufuneka uhlambele isikhumba sakho ngesepha kunye namanzi, uhlambe nayiphi na impahla egugile.
I-Permethrin yenye inhlobo yokulahla ebulala iikethi kwi-contact. Inokufumaneka kwiivenkile ezithwala izinto zangaphandle kunye neemveliso.
Esinye isicelo kwiingubo kunye nezicathulo zisebenza ngokugqithisileyo. I-Permethrin ayifanele isetyenziswe ngqo kwesikhumba.
Faka isicelo sePraticides (Acaricides)
I-pesticide eyenzelwe ukubulala iikhikhethi ezibizwa ngokuba yi-acaricide inokusebenza ngokunciphisa amaqela emikhakha malunga nekhaya lakho. Ukuba ichanekile ngokufanelekileyo, isicelo esisodwa ekupheleni kukaMeyi okanye ekuqaleni kukaJuni (kwaye ngokukhethekileyo ngoSeptemba ukulawula iikiti ezindala) kunokunciphisa kakhulu abantu. Ukuphalaza kwizinga elikhulu, nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba uqoqosho lufikeleleke kwaye lunokubangela ukukhathazeka kwendalo okanye impilo.
Ungaphinda ufune ukuqwalasela ikhaya lakho kunye neebhokisi ze-bait eziphatha iigorante zasendle kunye ne-acaricide.
Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo, ezi zixhobo ziye zaboniswa ukunciphisa amaekiti kumakhaya ngama-50 ekhulwini. Iyunithi ayilimazi iindundane. Unyango lufana neemveliso ezisetyenziselwa ukulawula iifayile kunye neengqayi kwizilwanyana ezifuywayo. Iibhokisi ze-Bait ngoku ziyafumaneka kwiinkampani zokulawulwa kwezilwanyana ezilayisenisiweyo kwiindawo ezininzi.
Izifundo zenziwa kwindlela esebenzayo yokusebenzisa i- acaricides kwintlanzi kwizikhululo zokutya. Njengazinyamazane zidla, zixubha ngokumelene nama rollers abambe i-acaricide. Kuze kube ngoku, iziphumo zikhuthaze.
Hlola ngeeMpilo zeNgingqi
I-Arhente yokuKhuselwa kweNdalo (i-EPA) kwaye urhulumente wakho ulawula i-pesticides. Hlola ngamagosa ezempilo zendawo malunga nexesha elifanelekileyo lokufaka i-acaricide kwindawo yakho, kunye nayo nayiphi na imimiselo nemimiselo ehambelana nesicelo senkunkuma kwisakhiwo sekhaya. Unokuqhagamshelana nenkampani eneengcali zepilisi yezilwanyana zokubulala izibulala-zinambuzane ekhaya lakho.
Yenza i-Tick-Safe Zone Zone
Iikiti ezithumela isifo seLyme zikhula kwiindawo ezinemihlathi. Bafa ngokukhawuleza kwimimandla enelanga neleyo. Ngokutsho kwe-American Lyme Disease Foundation (ALDF), iikontsi zezinyamazane azikwazi ukuxuma okanye ukuphaphaza, kwaye ungayi kuhlaselwa phezulu kwisilwanyana esidlulayo. Izithako ezingenako (ezibandakanya zonke iintaka zasendle kunye nezilwanyana, izilwanyana zasemakhaya kunye nabantu) bafumane iikiti kuphela ngokuqhagamshelana ngqo nabo.
Ukulandela ezi ndlela zobugcisa kunokuncedisa ukunciphisa amaqela emikhapha ejikeleze ikhaya lakho, ingadi okanye ididi:
- Susa umtshini weqabunga uze ucime i-brush kunye neengca ezijikeleza amakhaya kunye nakumaphethelo enqabileyo.
- Beka izikhuni zeenkuni okanye ibradi phakathi kweengcambu kunye neendawo ezikhuni ukukhawulela ukufuduka kweekiti ukuya kwiindawo zokuzonwabisa.
- Yenza umtshini kunye ne-brush ecacileyo kunye ne-leaf litter rhoqo.
- Gcina umhlaba phantsi kohlobo lweentaka ezihlambulukileyo.
- Ukuxaka imithi ngobunono nangemimandla eyomileyo.
- Gcina izinto zokusebenza zokudlala, iipokethi kunye neepasos kude nemida yeedidi kunye nemithi.
Khubaza i Deer
Kukho iindlela ezinokuthi ungathatha ezinganceda ukunciphisa iindlala ezijikeleze ikhaya lakho kumzamo wokukhusela isifo seLyme, kuquka:
- Musa ukutya inyamazane kwipropati yakho. Kusenokufuneka ukuba ususe abondli beentaka kwaye uhlambulule i-birdseed.
- Yakha izithintelo zomzimba (ukucocwa kwezintambo) ukuphazamisa intanga ukuba ungene kwididi yakho.
- Uncedo lolawulo lokutya ngezityalo ezinqandekileyo okanye ezinqabileyo zontanga.
Hlola iikiti
I-ALDF ithi umgca wakho ophezulu wokuzikhusela ekuthengeni isifo seLyme ukuzihlola ubuncinane kanye rhoqo imihla ngemihla kwaye ususe nayiphi na iikiti ngaphambi kokuba zibe negalelo (ukuvuvukala) ngegazi. Yenza iireksi zemihla ngemihla emva kokuba ngaphandle, kwiseyadi yakho. Ukuhlola ngokucophelela zonke iingubo zakho zesikhumba, isikhumba kunye nomzimba, ngokukodwa kwimimandla esemanzi, kuquka:
- IArmpits
- Umqolo wamadolo
- Nape entanyeni
- Indawo ye-Navel
- Scalp
- Indawo yeGrain
- Amatye
- Umgcini
Susa iiKhikethi ngokukhawuleza
Ukuba ufumana ikiti edibeneyo kwesikhumba sakho, ungakhathazeki. Azikho zonke iikethi ezithelelekileyo. Ngaphezulu, ngokutsho kwe-ALDF, uphando lubonise ukuba iikhiphe ezikhuselekileyo azikwazi ukuqala ukudlulisa i-spirochete (ibhaktiriya ebangela ukusuleleka kwesifo seLyme) de idibeneyo malunga neeyure ezingama-36 ukuya kuma-48.
Gcinani engqondweni, ukuba uyifumana isitifiketi sezonta esixhomekeke kwesikhumba sakho esingazange sibe ne-engorged, mhlawumbi asizange sibe khona ixesha elide ukuhambisa isifo soLyme.
Susa uphawu ngokukhawuleza usebenzisa ezi zixhobo:
- Ukuxhamla amancinci amancinci
- Iilazi okanye iglasi yokukhulisa (ukuba luncedo / olufunekayo)
- Iiglavu okanye izicubu
Qaphela ukuba ulandele ngalinye lala manqaku abalulekileyo:
- Ukhuseleko lokuqala: landela ulondolozo lwehlabathi jikelele kwaye unxibe izixhobo zokukhusela , ukuba unayo.
- Gamba ibhokiti kunye nezibopho ezikufutshane kakhulu nesikhumba.
- Bamba ngokunyamezela, uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo. Ukukhwela ngamandla kuya kuluqhawula ibhokisi kwaye ushiye emva. Thatha ixesha lakho. Ikhaksi izama ukubamba, kodwa uya kuphumelela.
- Hlola uphawu ukuze uqinisekise ukuba konke kususwe. Qinisekisa ukuba izitho zomlomo wekhakiti zihambelani; iye yatshintsha ihlunu kunye nentloko ehlotshiweyo.
- Ukuba kukho nayiphi na ikethi engekhoyo (ukuba kukho into, ngokuqhelekileyo yintloko), khangela unyango ngokukhawuleza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokusuleleka kwintsholongwane. Musa ukubiza i-911, kodwa uye kwikliniki yokunakekelwa ngokukhawulezileyo ukuze uqeshwe ngosuku olufanayo.
- Gcina ikethi kwisitya esingenanto (ungayichukumisi ngezandla ezingenanto). Kuthatha ibhaktheriya enokukwenza ugule, nangona akukulumi kwakhona.
- Jonga isigulane (okanye wena) iintsuku eziliqela. Ukuba izibonakaliso zesifo seLyme ziyabonwa, khangela uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Isibonakaliso sokuqala nesininzi sesifo seLyme yi-bullseye rash, eyaziwa njenge-erythema migrans.
Oko Akufanele Uyenze Xa ususa iTikiti
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwebhanki okungalunganga kwandisa ithuba lokukhawulela isifo. Gcina ezi ngcebiso ngqondweni:
- Ungaphambuki, utyumle, ugwebe, okanye udonse uphawu. Uqhuba umngcipheko wokunqanda intloko yayo.
- Ungazami ukutshisa uphawu. Xa utshaya ikhepheni ngomdlalo, mhlawumbi uya kuguqula yonke igazi lakho (kunye nezinye iibhaktheriya) emzimbeni wakho emzamweni wokuzenza ube mncinci ukwenzela ukuba uphume. Nangona unokuba ulahlekelwe ngokulula lula le nkathazo, uya kuba nokufumana isifo seLyme.
- Ungazami ukuphazamisa uphawu kunye ne-petroleum jelly, i-oil oil, i-nail polish, okanye ezinye iimveliso.
- Musa ukuchaphazela ikiti kunye nebala elingenanto. Kungenza ugula.
Ukujongana Nesikhumba Esibonakaliswe Ngesikiti, Izinwele, Neengubo
Ukunyuka kweenwele kunye nekhumba, ukuhlamba kunye ne-shampoo enamandla kunokunceda ukuphazamisa nayiphi na iikhiza ezikhawulayo, nangona i-ALDF ithi oku kusebenza ngokuthe ngqo. Ngokuphathelele izambatho, ngelishwa, ukuhlamba iingubo zakho aziyi kubulala iikiti. Izambatho ezithintekayo kufuneka ziqhutywe ngumbumbi omeleyo kwiqondo eliphezulu elide kumzuzu engama-30 okanye ngaphezulu. Ukuhlamba iingubo zakho kunokubulala nanoma yiziphi iikethi ezingabonakali ezishiye kwisitya sakho.
Hlola iimfuyo zakho
Hlola izilwanyana zeekhiza ngaphambi kokuzivumela endlwini, ekubeni izifuyo zingakwazi ukuzenza. Ezi zikhawu zingawela ngaphandle kokubetha isilwanyana sakho kwaye zidibanise kunye nokuluma abantu. Ngaphezulu, izilwanyana ziyakhula iimpawu zesifo seLyme.
Hlola i-Tick Bites
Ukuba iqela lixhomekeke kwesikhumba sakho ngaphantsi kwamahora angama-24, ithuba lakho lokufumana isifo seLyme lincinci kakhulu. Kodwa ukuba ukhuseleke, jonga impilo yakho ngokufutshane emva kokulinywa kwekhaksi kwaye uqaphele nayiphi na impawu kunye neempawu zokugula kwekhayi . I-ALDF icebisa ukuba uqaphele indawo yokuluma ngenxa yokubonakala kokugqithisa okubonakala ngathi i-bullseye iintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwi-30 emva kokuluma. Ukuba ukugqithisa okanye ezinye iimpawu zokuqala zikhula, jonga ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Nangona usuke ulahlekile kwifestile ukukhusela isifo se-Lyme sifo, ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunokukunceda ufumane unyango lwasemva.
Thetha noDokotela wakho
Ukuba uphendula "ewe" kule mibuzo elandelayo, xubusha ngamathuba okuthatha ii-antibiotics kunye nogqirha wakho okanye umboneleli wezempilo:
- Ngaba uhlala kwindawo apho isifo seLyme siqhelekileyo xa ufumene i-tick bite?
- Ingaba ibhokisi lixhomekeke ubuncinane ngosuku olupheleleyo?
- Ingaba ingaphantsi kweentsuku ezintathu ukususela xa ususile uphawu okanye ukususela kuwe?
Nangona ukuthatha i-antibiotics emva kokulunywa kwekhaksi akukhuthazwa rhoqo, kunokuba luncedo kubantu abathile kwiindawo apho isifo seLyme sifana khona. Umniki-nkonzo wakho wezempilo uyakugqiba ukuba ngaba inzuzo yokumisela i-antibiotiki emva kokulinywa kwekhakiti kukugqithisileyo. Umngcipheko wokuphulukisa isifo seLyme kwi-tick bite yincinci, nangakumbi kwiindawo ezincinci kakhulu, ngoko baninzi ababoneleli bezempilo abanqweneli ukusebenzisa i-antibiotics ukuba baphathe abantu ababetywe ngamakethi ngaphandle kokuba bavelise iimpawu zesifo seLyme.
I-Strategies-Horizon
Ngokutsho kweCDC, ezinye iindlela zokulawula iikethi eziphantsi kovavanyo ziquka:
- Ukuguqulwa kwemifuno kunye neendawo zokuhlala
- Ama-fungal agents kwi-biological control
- Iziqulatho zemvelo ezikhupha iikhokiti ngokukhuselekileyo
- Isitofu sokukhusela kwisifo seLyme
I-Lyme Disease Vaccine
NgoDisemba 1998, i-FDA ivumile isitofu sokukhusela isifo seLyme, i-LYMErix, eyenziwe nguSmithKline Beecham. NgoFebruwari 2002, umenzi we-LYMErix wamemezela ukuba ukukhutshwa komgudu wokugonywa kwabangenalucalulo kwakumiswa, kucacisa ukuba akukho mfuneko yokuthenga umthengi. I-CDC ibika ingxelo ekhuselweyo yolu gonyo ngokunciphisa ixesha. Ngoko ke, ukuba ufumene isifo sokugonywa kwesifo seLyme ngaphambi ko-2002, mhlawumbi awusayikukhuselwa nesifo seLyme.
Nangona kunjalo, ngoJulayi ngo-2017, iDiary Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yanikezelwa ngokukhawuleza kwendlela yokugonywa kwesifo se-Lyme esibizwa ngokuba yi-VLA15. Ukutyunjwa ngokukhawuleza kuthetha ukuba ukuhlaziywa kwesigonyiweyo kuya kukhawuleza, kunye nelihlo ekubhekeleni kokufumaneka kwangaphambili kuluntu jikelele. Esi sitofu sasijongwe ngokukhawuleza ukulwa nengxaki ekhula ngokukhawuleza yesifo seLyme, esinokubangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu kunye nokuhlupheka kwexesha elide kwezinye.
I-VLA15 isitofu esiphezulu sokugonywa, oku kuthetha ukuba iqinisekisa ukukhuselwa kwi- Borrelia engaphezu kweyodwa, ibhaktheriya ebangela isifo seLyme. Ngokukodwa, i-VLA15 ijolise iprotheni yomhlaba ongaphandle (i-OspA), eyona iprotheni ephezulu kunazo zonke e- Borrelia idluliselwa ngamacenge. Ngenxa yokuba ijolise iintlobo ezintandathu ezahlukeneyo ze-OspA-ezimela iintlobo ezintandathu ezahlukeneyo ze- Borrelia- isitofu sokugonywa sinakho ukukhusela isifo seLyme esasasazeka eUnited States, eYurophu nasehlabathini lonke.
Ngokubhekiselele ekutyunjweni kokukhawuleza kwendlela yokugonya, uValneva, inkampani eyenza i-VLA15, uye waphakamisa izilingo zesigaba se-II. Ngokwe-release ka-Julayi 2017, uvavanyo lwezigaba ze-I zibandakanya abathathi-nxaxheba abangama-180 abavela kwiindawo ezintathu, amabini e-United States kunye neBelgium.
Kule sifundo esincinci, abaphandi bavavanya ukhuseleko kunye nokunyamezela kwamanani athile kunye neendlela zokugonywa kwe-VLA15. Abaphandi baya kugqiba ukuxilongwa kwe-immunogenicity, okanye amandla okugonywa ukukhupha impendulo yokuzivikela ngomzimba, ngokulinganisa amanqanaba omntu omzimba we-immunoglobulin G (IgG) kwiintlobo ezithandathu eziqhelekileyo ze-Lyme borreliosis e-United States naseYurophu.
Ama-antibodies ase-IgG amele malunga nama-80 ekhulwini e-antibodies emzimbeni. Ezi zizalamane zifunekayo ukuze zikhusele izifo ezibangelwa yi-bacterial and viral infections.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Lyme Disease Foundation.
> Isikhululo soLimo seCape Connecticut. UkuHlanganiswa koLawulo lweTikiti .
> Hinckley AF, Meek JI, Ray JAE, et al. Ukusebenza kwee-Acaricides zokuhlala ukuVimbela iLyme kunye nezinye izifo ezithwala izikolo kubantu. I-Journal of Infectious Diseases . Julayi 15, 2016; 214 (2): 182-188. i-doi: 10.1093 / infdis / jiv775.
> MPR. Isifo segciwane lesifo seLyme sifumana ngokukhawuleza. Ipapashwe ngoJulayi 24, 2017.