Ukulungiswa kunye neenkqubo ezibandakanyekileyo kwi-Surgery Reassignment Surgery
Ukuba wena okanye othandekayo ucinga ukuhlinzwa ngokutsha, uyazibuza ukuba yeyiphi na amanyathelo okumele uyenze ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Makhe sijonge oko kufunwa ukuba ube ngumviwa kula ma-operesheni, iziphumo ezintle kunye nemiphumo emibi yonyango lwe-hormonal, kunye neentlobo zokuhlinzwa ezikhoyo.
Ukuhlinzwa ngokutsha kwezesondo (SRS)
Ukuhlinzwa ngokutsha kwezesini (GRS), ngokubanzi ngokuziwayo ngokuhlinzwa ngokutsha ngokwesini (SRS) eyenziwa kubantu abaguqukayo abanesifo sobunzima besini kwi-gender yabo echongiweyo.
Ngokomlando, eli gama lalisetyenziselwe ukuchaza umntu oye wafumana uhlobo lonyango okanye unyango olujongene nokubuyiswa kwesini. Ezi zinokuthi xa i-transgender ibhinqa isuka kwindoda ukuya kwindoda okanye xa indoda ye-transgender ishintshe ukusuka kwindoda ukuya kwindoda.
Ukwahlukana phakathi kweTransgender kunye neTranssexual
"ITransgender" ibhekisela kubantu abathile bachonga ubume bobulili obuhluke kumntu obelwe ekuzalweni. Ubulili obelwe ngokuqhelekileyo kusekelwe ekubonakaleni kwegama langaphandle. Abantu beTransgender banakho okanye bangazange bafumane ukuhlinzwa ngokutsha ngokwesini. I-Transgenderism ibhaliswe kwimihla yamandulo.
"ITranssexual" kubhekisela kubantu abafunayo okanye baye bafumana unyango okanye unyango lwezokwelapha ukutshintsha ukubonakala kobudala babo bokuzalwa njengendlela yokunciphisa i-dysphoria yabo yesini.
Izizathu Zokuba Umntu Unxulunyaniswa Ngophando Lokubuyiswa Kwezesondo
Abantu abaninzi be-transgender bafumana ukunganyaniseki phakathi kwezesini kunye nezokwabelana ngesini.
Umbutho we-American Psychiatric Association (APA) ufumene oku njenge-dysphoria. Ubulili besifo se-dysphoria sinokubangela ukuba abantu bafumane ubunzima obukhulu kunye nokuphazamiseka kwimilinganiselo yoluntu nakwebuntu. Kuba ngaba bantu, ukuguquka kwendibano yentsholongwane, unyango lwe-hormone, kunye nokuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngokwesini, kuvumela ukubonakala kwabo kwangaphandle ukufanisa oko bakuziva ngaphakathi.
Ukutshintshwa kolunye uhlobo lwesini
"Ukuguquka" kwesinye isini kunokubandakanya:
- Ukugqoka kunye nokuhlala kwindoda yesini ehambelanayo kunye nobuni bobulili ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuthatha i-hormone yesini kunye / okanye ukukhanda ngokugqithisileyo okanye ukuguqula izitho zomzimba kunye nezitho zokuzala.
Amanyathelo Afunekayo Ngaphambi Kwezesondo Ukunikezelwa Kwesondo okanye Ukuguqulwa Kwezesini
Ukongezelela ukuqonda ngokubanzi iinkqubo, i-hormone, kunye nezinye izingozi ezibandakanyekayo kule ntlobo zemiSebenzi, kukho amanye amanyathelo okumele ayenze ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe utyando. Amanyathelo afanelekileyo angaquka:
- Uvavanyo lwezempilo lwengqondo: Uvavanyo lwezempilo lwengqondo lufuneka ukuba lukhangele nayiphi na inkxalabo yempilo yengqondo echaphazela isimo sengqondo somntu, kwaye ukuvavanya ukulungela komntu ukuxinezeleka ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo wokuguquka.
- Amaxwebhu acacileyo kunye anokwenene okubhekiselele kwisini se-dysphoria.
- Uvavanyo lobomi "bomi boqobo": Umntu kufuneka athathe indima yesini efunwayo kwimisebenzi yansuku zonke, kokubambisana nentlalo kunye nolwazi (olubizwa ngokuba yi-"real-life experience" okanye "uvavanyo lwangempela lobomi").
Indima ye-Hormone Treatment in Transitioning
Abantu abadinga i-transgender abantu abanqwenela ukuhlinzwa ngokutsha ngokwesondo, i-hormone therapy (HT), ebizwa ngokuba yi-hormone yonyango yokuguqula (HRT), ibandakanya ukuthatha i-estrogen yindoda ibe yenguqu yenkwenkwezi okanye i-testosterone yowesibini kwinguqu yendoda.
I-hormone yonyango ingasetyenziselwa ngaphambili, ngexesha, nangemva kokuguqulwa kwesigqirha kwesinye isini.
Injongo yonyango le-hormone ukuguqula ukubonakala komzimba kweso sesini esifanelekileyo.
Iimpembelelo zeTestosterone kumaBantu
Xa ibhinqa lezilwanyana liqala ukuthatha i- testosterone , utshintsho lubandakanya kokunciphisa impawu zesini zesini kunye nokwanda kwimiba yesini yesini.
Utshintsho lwamaziko lubandakanya:
- I intshebe kunye nokukhula kwamadevu
- Ukuqiniswa kwelizwi
- Ukwandiswa kwe-clitoris
- Ukwanda kweenwele zomzimba okwandayo
- Ukunyuka kobutyebi kunye namandla
- Ukwandisa inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi
- Ukubuyiswa kwakhona kwamanqatha avela emabeleni, emagqabini, nasemathangeni kwindawo yangasese
- Ukuphuhliswa kwe-acne, efana neyobuntwaba
- Ukuhlamba okanye ukulahleka kwentloko, ngakumbi kwiitempile kunye nentloko yentloko
- I-Atrophy ye-uterus nama-ovari, okubangelwa ukungakwazi ukufumana abantwana
Utshintsho lwezenzo luquka:
- Inkcaso
- Ukwandiswa kwesondo
Iimpembelelo ze-Estrogen kwiBantu
Xa umntu wesintu eqala ukuthatha i- estrogen , utshintsho lubandakanya kokunciphisa impawu zesini zesini kunye nokwanda kweempawu zesini.
Utshintsho kumzimba lubandakanya:
- Uphuhliso lwesisu
- Ukulahleka kokulungiswa
- Shrinkage yamathambo
- Ukunciphisa intsimbi
- Ubunwele bomzimba obuncitshisiweyo
- Ukunciphisa ubunzima besisu kunye namandla
- Ikhumba elincinci nelishushu
- Ukuphungulwa kwebala
- Ukubuyisela kwakhona i-fat fat from the mouth to the hips, thighs, and butcks
Utshintsho lwezenzo luquka:
- Ukusetyenziswa kwezesondo eziphantsi
- Ukuhamba kweemvakalelo
Ziziphi iiphumo zeThymone Treatment?
Iimpembelelo zesistim e-isrogen kunye nemiphumo yesifo se-testosterone ingavela emva kwesibini isibalo semilinganiselo, nangona ingaba yiminyaka emininzi ngaphambi kokuba umntu atshintshe ngokugqithiseleyo. Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa ekuphuculweni kwebele.
Inkqubo yoBugqirha yokuThengiswa koBucala ixesha elide kuthatha ntoni?
Uphando lulibaziseka kude kube lunyaka omnye emva kokuqala kwe-hormone unyango kwaye ubuncinane ubuncinane kwiminyaka emibini emva kokuvavanywa kwengqondo kwengqondo. Emva kokuba inkqubo yokuqhawulwa iqala, ixesha elide lide ligqityiwe liyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwinani leenkqubo ezifunwayo, ixesha lokubuyisela, kunye nokunye.
Uphando olubandakanyekayo ekutshintsheni ukusuka kwindoda ukuya kumfazi
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuhlinzwa okubandakanyeka ekusebenziseni ubulili kuhlaselwa kwizinto eziza ngaphaya kwebhanti (uphando oluphezulu) kunye nalabo abangaphantsi kwebhanti (ukuhlinzwa kwangaphantsi). Akuyena wonke umntu owela kuyo yonke le misebenzi, kodwa iinkqubo ezinokuqwalaselwa zibhalwe ngezantsi.
Uphando oluphezulu luquka:
- Ukwandiswa kwesisu
- Ubuso besisu
- Ukuhlinzwa: I-Rhinoplasty inokwenziwa ukuze unciphise impumlo kwaye uhlambulule intonga.
- Iibhokhwe: Ukuphakanyiswa kwekhasi kunokwenzelwa ukuqhathanisa ukukhawuleka kunye nesimo seenki.
- Utyando lwe-Jaw: Isithambo somhlathi siyahlanjululwa ukuze sibe ngumfazi obonakalayo.
- Ukunciphisa i-Chin: Isakhiwo se-Female isakhiwo sihlala sisincinci, ngoko kuncitshiswa kwe-chin.
- I-Cheekbones: I-cheekbones inokuphuculwa, ngokuqhelekileyo nge-injenjini yeglajen kunye nezinye iindlela zokuhlinzwa zobuplastiki.
- Imilomo: Ingxolo yomlomo ingenziwa.
- Ukudalwa kweenwele zentsimbikazi.
- Ukukhishwa kweenwele zenyama
- Ukunciphisa i-apple ka-Adam
- Utshintsho lwezwi
Utyando oluphantsi luquka:
- Ukususa ipenis (penectomy) kunye ne-scrotum (orchiectomy)
- Ukudalwa kwesisu kunye nelabia (i-genitoplasty yabesifazane)
Yiyiphi Intsholongwane Echaphazelekayo Ekutshintsheni Kwesifazana Kwindoda?
Njengoko kwindoda ekuguqukeni kweso sikazi, ukuguqulwa kwesondo kufaka utyando oluphezulu kunye nophando oluphantsi.
Uphando oluphezulu luquka:
- Utyando lwe-mastectomy / ukunciphisa isisu
Utyando oluphantsi luquka:
- Ukususwa kwesibindi kunye namaqanda
- Ukudala kwipenis kunye ne-scrotum (i-genitoplasty ye-masculinizing)
Iingxaki kunye neziphumo zecala
I-SRS ayinayo ingozi kunye neengxaki. Uthando lwe-Estrogen luye lwahlanganiswa nomngcipheko ophezulu wee-clots zegazi ( inzulu ye-vein thrombosis kunye ne- pulmonary emboli ) kubafazi be-transgender. Kukho umngcipheko wokwanda komhlaza webele, kwaye nangaphandle kwama-hormone esazi ukuba amadoda angaphinda ahlakulele umdlavuza webele. Ukusetyenziswa kweTesttosterone kumadoda angama-transgender kuye kwadibaniswa nokunyuka kwexinzelelo lwegazi, ukunyanzelwa kwe-insulin kunye ne-lipid engafanelekiyo, nangona akuqinisekanga ukuba yintoni enye indima ezitshintshileyo ekuphuhlisweni kwesifo senhliziyo.
Xa utyando, kukho iingozi zokuqapha ezifana nokuphuma kwegazi kunye nokusuleleka, kunye nemiphumo emibi ye-anesthesia . Abo bacinga ngolu hlobo lonyango kufuneka babe neengxoxo ngokucokisekileyo kunye nogqirha wabo malunga nobungozi obunxulumene ne-hormone therapy kunye nokuhlinzwa.
Ingakanani Inxeba Yokubuyiselwa Kwezesondo (SRS)?
I-SRS ingaba yindleko ngokukhawuleza kubantu abaninzi abanxaxhayo. Iindleko kuquka ukucebisa, amahomoni, i-electrolysis, kunye nemisebenzi ingaba ngaphezu kwama-100,000. Kuyinto ebiza kakhulu ukuguquka ukusuka kwindoda ukuya kwesetyhini kunokuba isuka kwindoda ukuya kwindoda. I-inshorensi yempilo maxa wambi ihlanganisa inxalenye yeendleko. Funda kabanzi malunga nokuthengwa kwe-inshorensi kunye nezikhokelo ze-WPATH malunga nokuhlinzwa ngokutsha kwesini.
Umgangatho woBomi emva koBugcisa ukuThatyelwa kwezesondo
Ubunjani bobomi bubonakala buphucula emva kokuhlinzwa ngokubhekisele ngokwesini kubantu abaguqukayo besuka kwindoda ukuya kwindoda kunye nalabo batshintsho besuka kwindoda ukuya kwintombi. Olunye uvavanyo lwango-2017 lubonise ukuba ukwaneliseka okwenziwe ngokukhawuleza kwakusuka kuma-94 ukuya kwi-100 ekhulwini Ekubeni kunamanyathelo amaninzi kwaye ngamanye amaxesha unonxibelelwano olungabonakaliyo oluchaphazelekayo, le nombolo isekela izibonelelo ze-SRS kulabo abavakalelwa kukuba yiyona nto ikhethwe ngayo.
Ngaphantsi koBuchule boKwabiwa kwezesondo
Ukuhlinzwa ngokutsha kwezesondo kuyinkqubo ende eqala ngokucetyiswa kunye nokuhlolwa kwengqondo yengqondo ukuchonga ukuba ngaba umntu ufumene ngokucacileyo ukuxilongwa ngesini se-dysphoria. Emva koku kugqitywa, unyango lwama-hormones luqaliswe nge-testosterone kulabo abaguqukayo besuka kwindoda ukuya kwindoda kunye ne-estrogen kulabo abaguqukayo besuka kwindoda ukuya kubafazi. Ezinye zeenguqu zenyama kunye neendlela zokuziphatha ezihambelana nokunyanga kwama-hormone zidweliswe ngasentla.
Emva kokuba unyango lwe-hormone luye lwaqhutyelwa ubuncinane ubuncinane kunyaka owodwa, iinkqubo ezininzi zokuhlinzwa zingacingelwa. Ezi ziqulethwe zibe "iinkqubo eziphezulu" kunye neenkqubo "ezantsi".
I-SRS iyabiza, kodwa ukulinganiselwa okuchanekileyo kunzima ngenxa yezinto ezininzi ezinokuquka iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kunye nenani kunye nobukhulu bonyango olukhethiweyo. Ukufumana udokotela ogqirha ogxile kwi-SRS yedwa kwaye wenze ezininzi zezi nkqubo zidibanisa.
Kulabo ba landela ngamanyathelo okulungiselela, unyango lwe-hormone, kunye nokuhlinzwa, umgangatho wobomi ubonakala ulungile, kwaye abantu abaninzi bathi banokubuyela kwi-SRS kwakhona.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Psychological Association. Abantu be-Transgender, i-Identity yeGender, kunye neNkcazo yokuSini. http://www.apa.org/topics/lgbt/transgender.aspx
> Colebunders, B., Brondel, S., D'Arpa, S., Hoebeke, P., noS S. Monstrey. Isihlaziya kwiNyango yokuThengwa kwezilwanyana zeTransgender. Uphononongo lwezesondo . 2017. 5 (1): 103-109.
> I-Streed, C., iHarfouch, O., i-Marvel, F., i-Blumenthal, i-R., i-Martin, i-S. kunye noMnu Mukherjee. Izifo Zeentliziyo Zengqondo Phakathi Kwabantu Abadala beTransgender Ukufumana unyango lweHormone: Ukuhlaziywa okuBhaliweyo. Amanqaku angamayeza angaphakathi . 2017. 167 (4): 256-267.
> van de Grift, T., Elaut, E., Cerwenka, S., Cohen-Kettenis, P., kunye no-B. Kreukels. Ukwaneliseka okuPhezulu, Ubomi boBomi, kunye noMbutho wabo Emva kokuBulawula ngesini: UkuFundelwa kweSifundo. Umbhalo woLwaphulo lwezesondo kunye noMtshato . 2017 Meyi 4. (Epub ngaphambi kokuprinta).