Uluhlu olungapheliyo lweentsimbi zangasemva zangaphakathi luqulethe izihlunu zangasemva.
Ngokuchasene nemisipha ephumayo, izihlunu zangasemva zangaphakathi zifumaneka kakhulu; ngamanye amazwi, basondelene namathambo kunesikhumba. Izithambo zangasemva zangaphakathi zihlukaniswe zibe ziqendu ezi-3: Uluhlu olungaphezulu, uluhlu oluphakathi, kunye nobunzulu obunzulu.
Eli nqaku likhuluma ngongqimba olungapheliyo lwangaphakathi.
Uluhlu oluphezulu
Njengoko igama libonisa, uhla lwezinto ezingasemva lwangaphakathi luhlala phezu kweminye imida emi-2 kweli qela. Uluhlu olungaphelelwanga lubandakanya ngokupheleleyo imisipha ye-splenius - splenius cervicis kunye ne-splenius capitis. Imisipha ye-splenius ibambisa iipasasal (ezizongqongileyo kwaye ziqulethe ububanzi obuphakathi kwemisipha yangaphakathi).
Igama elithi splenius libhekisela kwibhanji. (Kuthatyathwa kwiLizwi lesiLatini lokubhinqa, okuthi "splenion") Ngokwemvo, ukuxhunjelwa kwimizimba yenzelwa i-splenius muscle kwi- paraspinals ( ububanzi obungaphakathi ngaphakathi) ungqongqo obunzulu ngaphakathi. Imisipha ye-splenius (kwaye ngoko ugcino lwangaphakathi lwangaphakathi) luya kubamba ezi ndawo zijonge kwindawo.
I-splenius captius kunye ne-cervicalis bayibeka indawo ukusuka kwintamo entanyeni (C-7) ukuya kwicandelo eliphezulu le-thoracic umgudu (T-3 okanye T-4.) Baqala kwisikhululo somthi kulawo manqanaba kunye kunye nokwenza "V" ukuma - kunye namacandelo "V" kakhulu kwaye ubuncinci obuphambili bungekho bunzulu.
I-splenius capitis ifakwe ngaphezu kwe-splenius cervicalis kodwa, kwakhona, le mibini ifomathi ifom enye kwaye isebenze kunye.
Imicu yomzimba ngamnye ye-splenius capitis kunye ne-cervicalis ekhokelela kwi-diagonal. Ukususela kumgca we-spine, i-fibers angle ukuya kwikrele kunye ne-vertebrae yomlomo wesibeleko (C1-C3 okanye iC4.)
Makhe sifunde ngakumbi malunga nemisipha yomntu wecala elingenasisiseko seengxambu zangasemva zangaphakathi.
Splenius Capitis
Njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, umsila we-splenius capitis uqala phakathi kwe-splineus yomgudu, ubeka amanqanaba phakathi kwe-vertebra yakho yesi-7 kwisibeletho somlomo wesi-3 okanye 4 (ihluka) i-vertibrae ye-thoracic. Ngokukodwa, i-splenius capitis ivela kwi ligigament ye-nuchal, eyona ligament enamandla kakhulu entanyeni, ngokwayo ivela kwi-ligament edibanisa izicwangciso zeenkqubo zakho eziphaphazelayo yonke indlela eya ngaphantsi komgudu. (Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-ligra supinspinous ligament.) I-spelnius capitus iphinda ivela kwiinkqubo ze-C7-T3 okanye i-T4.
I-splenius capitis muscle ize iqhube phezulu iphinde iqhotyoshele kwikrele lakho kwiindawo ezi-2: Inkqubo ye-mastoid, ekhoyo ngasemva kwaye iya ngasezantsi kwindlebe, kunye nomgca we-nuchal weckull, ephezulu lakho lekhayi kodwa kwinqanaba eliphakamileyo kuneenkqubo zemastoid.
Splenius Cervicalis
Njenge-splenius capitis, i-splenius cervicalis iqala emkhatsini wesantya, ijikeleze amanqanaba phakathi kwe-vertebra yakho yesi-7 kwisibeleko somlomo wesi-3 okanye i-4 (iyahluka) i-vertibrae ye-thoracic. Ngokukodwa, i-splenius cervicalis ivela kwi ligigament ye-nuchal, eyona ligament enamandla kakhulu entanyeni, ngokwayo ivela kwi-ligament edibanisa iingcebiso zeenkqubo zakho ezixubileyo yonke indlela ephantsi komlenze. (Oku kuthiwa yi-ligra supraspinous ligament.) I-spelnius cervicalis iphinda ivela kwiinkqubo ze-C7-T3 okanye i-T4.
Ngokungafani ne-splenius capitis, i-splenius cervicalis inamathele kwiinkqubo ezithintanayo zamathambo ezi-3 okanye ezine eziphezulu zentliziyo (intamo), ngamanye amagama kwi-C1-C3 okanye kwi-C4.
Xa zombini amacandelo omatshini we-splenius abambisana kunye, umphumo wongezwa entanyeni, olingana nokubuyisela intloko emva kwentamo. Xa kuphela elinye icala lithengiselwano, imisipha ye-splenius inceda ukunqumla kunye / okanye ukujikeleza entanyeni kwicala loqhekeza.
Imithombo
UMorey, uK., uDalley, A. I-Anatomy ye-Clinically Oriented. Isihlanu. Uhlobo. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. 2006. Baltimore. Philadelphia, PA