Iindlela, iiProgram kunye ne-Cons, kunye neengozi ze-Nipple kunye ne-Areola Reconstruction
Kukho izigqibo ezininzi ezenziwa ngexesha kunye nangemva komhlaza webele. Kubonakala ngathi kukhethwa ukwakhiwa kwakhona, kwaye ingakumbi ingxowa kunye nokwakhiwa kwe-asola kuncinci kwi-totem pole, ubuncinci malunga nezokwelapha zebele zomzimba ezingasindisa ubomi bakho, kodwa ezi zonyango zindlela zokubuyisela ubomi bakho. Bona, ubuncinane, indlela yokuvakalelwa ngokufanelekileyo emva kokunyanga.
Sibanzi
Ukhetho lokuqala kunye nokwakhiwa kabusha luqala ngokukhetha kwakho ukuhlinzwa; ingaba unayo i- lumpectomy okanye i- mastectomy , nokuba unokukhawuleza okanye ulibazise ukuvuselelwa kwakhona, okanye ukhethe ukuba awuyi kubuyiselwa kwakhona.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwindawo yomhlaza wakho, unokuba ngumgqatswa we-mastectomy. Le nkqubo iya kuba yinto eqhelekileyo kwaye iyancipha ukuba ibe nezinga eliphezulu lokwaneliseka, kunye nabasetyhini abanalo ndlela yokunika umgangatho wobomi obubhetele. Akunabo bonke oogqirha abakwenzayo okanye banako ulungelelaniso nale ndlela, kwaye unokufuna ukucinga ngombono wesibini kwisikhululo somhlaza xa kukho into ofuna ukuyiqwalasela.
Ukuba awunayo ingono yokukhusela i-mastectomy, isigqibo sokugqibela siquka ukhetho lwe-nipple kunye ne-awaola reconstruction.
Okuhle nokubi
Njengoko uninzi lwezigqibo ozenzayo ngomhlaza wakho webele, kukho inani leenzuzo kunye nolonwabo lokuqwalasela xa ukhetha ukuba ube ne-nipple kunye no-reconora.
Akukho sigqibo esilungileyo nesingalunganga sokwenziwa, kuphela isigqibo esilungileyo kuwe.
I Pros
Iintlobo zeembumba kunye nokuvuselelwa kwe-areola ngokukodwa kukuba ukubonakala kwesifuba sakho kusondele kakhulu kunokwenzeka kwimbonakalo ngaphambi kokuba uhlolwe ngumhlaza wesibele.
Umxhasi
Kukho ukuphazamiseka kokuphinda kwakha ingono. Ezi ziquka
- Inyaniso elula yokuba lo mhlaba awuyikho enye inkqubo yokuhlinzwa. Oku kubeka ingozi ye-anesthesia jikelele, ixesha lokubuyisela elongezelelweyo, kunye nokuba kunokwenzeka, izikongeza ezongezelelweyo (kwisayithi entsha ye-areola / ingono, kunye nakwindawo yesibonelelo ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwegrafting kusetyenziswa.)
- Ukuvuselelwa kwe-ingono kunokunyusa inkqubo "yokuqhubeka nobomi bakho."
- I-"con" engakhange ikhankanywe rhoqo, kodwa ayiqhelekanga, kukuba abanye abafazi bayifumene kakhulu ukuba bahambe ngokugqithisileyo emva kokuvuselelwa kwe-nipple kunye ne-asola ngaphandle kokuba bengenakho ukuvuselelwa kwakhona. Kwimeko yokwakhiwa kwesifuba esenziwe kakuhle, abaninzi abafazi banandipha ukuba bangabhinxi ibrasi, kwaye ukuvuselelwa kweengono kungaphazamisa inkululeko (okanye bangasebenzisa ukusebenzisa i-bandaids kunye netapeyiphi ukugubungela iinjuba zabo ezintsha.) Ngokungafaniyo neengwenya "zendalo," iimbosi zinesimo esinye kwaye musa ukubuyisela. Abanye abesetyhini banamahloni ngokuphakama okuqhubekayo kwenzalo eyakhayo eyabangela ukuba bajonge "bavuke," okanye ubuncinci bebanda.
Ixesha loPhando
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuvuselelwa kwe-nipple kunye ne-areola kwenziwa malunga neenyanga ezintathu ukuya kweyesithandathu emva kokuhlaziywa okuphambili.
Oku kuvumela ukuphulukiswa okuthe ngqo kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-post-op ukuvuvukala. Nangona kunjalo, ixesha liyakwazi ukuhluka ngokubanzi ngokusekelwe kwiingcali zokugonywa kunye nesigulane, kunye neendlela ezithile ezizisebenzisayo kuzo zombini iinkqubo.
Iindlela zokwakha kwakhona
Isinyathelo sokuqala ekwakhiweni kwakhona kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwesikhumba okanye i-flap ukuze uphinde uphinde uvelise isilonda somlenze. Oku kulandelwa "tattoo" xa isilungiso esilungisiwe siphululile. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuthayibha yodwa kusetshenziselwa ukudala imbonakalo yesikhumba kodwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa okuqhubekayo.
Ukulungiswa kweGraft
Ubugcisa bokufakelwa kwimbumba kunye nokuvuselelwa kwe-areola kubandakanya ukuvuna isikhumba kwisayithi lomnikeli ohlukileyo kwibele.
Uluhlu lwesikhumba luyakuthi lufakwe kwisiza se-ingono esandula kwakhiwa kunye / okanye i-areola.
Iziza ezixhasayo eziqhelekileyo zeerola grafts zibandakanya utywala lwesisu kwisakhiwo sokuqhayisa, umlenze wangaphakathi, okanye i-pitch crease. Ngama-grapp grafts, iisayithi ezintathu ezixhaphakileyo ezixhasayo ngumlenze wesiguli eseleyo, i-earlobe, kunye nelabia. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isilonda esiseleyo sisigxina esikhethiweyo somncedisi, kuba sinika umdlalo omhle ngokubhekiselele kwesikhumba kunye nombala. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko ye-mastectomy (okanye iincinci ezincinci), ezinye iindawo ezixhasi zinokubaluleka.
I-Flap Reconstruction
Kwindlela yokwakhiwa kwesibhakabhaka ekuvuselelweni kweengono, isilonda se-nipple sidalwe kwi "flap" yesikhumba esithathwe ngqo kwesikhumba esecaleni kwesosikhwelo esandula kwakhiwa kabusha. Le nqubo inenzuzo yokugcina igazi linyanzelisiwe, kwaye livale nayiphi na inqabileyo kwindawo yokutsha kweenkuni kunye ne-areola (ngokuchasene nokudala inqabusha entsha kwisiza somnikeli, njengenkqubo yokuqulunqa). Inkqubo yokubhenca inokuthenjwa ngakumbi kunenkqubo yokuququzelela.
Ukwakhiwa kwakhona nge-Micropigmentation (Tattooing)
Inkqubo yokubhala amathambo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-micropigmentation, idlalwa njengeyona nqanaba lokugqibela lokuvuselelwa kwebele, ngokupheleleyo emva kokuba iimbumba zakhiwe kwakhona. Le nqubo iyenziwa ngezixhobo ezifana nento umntu angayifumana ekusebenziseni kwisitolo se tattoo. Inzuzo yaso eyona nto kukuba yinkqubo ephuthumayo kwaye elula yokuphulukana nayo engafuneki ngaphezu kwe-aneshesia yendawo, kwaye ayenzi icawa eyongezelelweyo. Enyanisweni, i-micropigmentation ingasetyenziselwa ukucoca umbala kwaye ibencitshise ukubunjwa kwezikhonkwane ezikhoyo emva kwenkqubo yokuqala yokuvuselelwa kwebele.
Okokuqala, le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukufanisa umbala, ukuma kunye nokuthungwa kwendawo ejikeleze ingono (ebizwa ngokuba yi-areola). Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezi gulane ezingathandi ukuhlinzwa ngokuqhubekayo emva kokuvuselelwa kwebhondi yokuqala, ukubonakala kwimbumba ngokwayo kungaphinda kudalwe kusetyenziswa ukudweba amathambo kuphela. Ukuphazamiseka okusobala kwile ndlela kukuba kunokudala kuphela ukucinga okubonakalayo kobuninzi kunye nokulinganisa, ukunika ingcamango ye-nipple, kodwa uphando lwango-2016 lufumene ukuba ukulahleka kwendlela yokukhangela kwenzalo akuzange kunciphise ukwaneliseka kwabasetyhini abanalo lobu buchule. Le yindlela ekhuselekileyo.
Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma ukusetyenziswa kwezi zixhobo njengeRadiesse okanye i-Alloderm ukwenzela ukuphuculwa kwenzalo. Kule meko, kunokuba luncedo ukujonga ngqo ugqirha okanye ugqirha we-micropigmentation ogxininise ekwenzeni ubukeka obubonakalayo bubukeka bubukeka buninzi.
Udokotela wakho ogqirha okanye ochwepheshe uya kudibanisa iifenjini ezihlukahlukeneyo ukuba eze nombala ochanekileyo ukuzalisekisa amathoni akho kunye / okanye ukufanisa intonga yakho eseleyo. Ukufezekisa i-shades epheleleyo kunokufuna ukutyelela okungaphezu kweyodwa, kwaye njengokuba kukho nawuphi na umzobo, i-pigment iya kuphelelwa ngexesha, ifuna ukuba uvakashele ukubuyela kumbala wokuthinta umbala.
Iingozi kunye neengxaki
Okokuqala, kunokwenzeka ukuba i-graft okanye i-flap ayinakuhlala kwindawo yayo entsha. Ukuba oko kwenzeka, utyando oluqhubekayo luya kuba luyimfuneko. Ukongezelela, ukuba i-anesthesia ebanzi iyadingeka, kukho imingcipheko evamile ehamba nayo, kunye neengozi kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho kwiinkqubo ezininzi zokuhlinzwa, ezibandakanya: ukunqandwa okungahambi kakuhle, ukuphuma kwegazi okanye i- hematoma , ukulahleka kwesikhumba (ukufa kwesisu) , iingubo zegazi , amaqhekeza amafutha, i-skin coloring okanye i-pigmentation engavumelekanga, ingozi ye-anesthesia , i-edema eqhubekayo (ukuvuvukala), i-asymmetry, utshintsho kwintsholongwane yesikhumba, intlungu eqhubekayo, umonakalo kwizakhiwo ezinzulu ezinjengeemisipha, imithwalo yegazi, imisipha, imiphunga kunye namalungu omzimba , ingxaki enzulu ye-vein, i-cardiac ne-pulmonary complications, iziphumo ezingabonakaliyo zobuchule, kunye nesidingo sokuhlinzwa okongeziweyo.
Kulabo abane-radiation ye-radiation ngaphambi kokuvuselelwa, umngcipheko weempembelelo (ingono ye-necrosis) iphezulu, kwaye kubalulekile ukuthetha nodokotela ngokunyamekileyo ukuba ucinga okanye ukuba unayo unyango lwe-radiation.
Emva kokuhlinzwa, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho na ezi zinto zilandelayo: intlungu yesifuba, ukuphefumula okufutshane, iintliziyo ezingavamile, ukuphuma kwegazi.
Iindleko
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuhlaziywa kwe-ingono kunye ne-areola kuthathwa njengesinyathelo sokugqibela ekuvuselelweni kwesisu se-post-mastectomy. Ngoko ke, ngokomthetho, iindleko ziya kubhekiswa yinshorensi yabesifazane. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uhlale ujonga nomnikezeli wakho womshuwalense ngokuphathelele iinkcukacha zengxelo yakho phambi kokucwangcisa naluphina utyando. Ezinye iinjongo ze-inshorensi zichazela apho ungaya khona utyando kunye neentlobo ezithile zeenkqubo ezifakwe.
Uncedo lwePost-Op
Ukulandela inkqubo, ukugqoka okungahambelani kunye nexabiso elincomekayo leoliyo liya kufakwa kwibele kwaye kuqhutywe endaweni yocingo olucwangcisiweyo. Ukugqoka kuya kufuna ukuba kutshintshwe iiyure ezimbalwa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala. Ukuba ubhenwe njengengxenye yokwakha kwakhona, umzobo wakho uya kubangela umxube weyinki kunye negazi. Kubalulekile ukuba ungavumeli ukuba tattoo ibe yome, okanye ukuvumela ukungqubuzana okukhulu phakathi kweengubo kunye ne tattoo ngeli xesha.
Ngenxa yegazi, umbala we tattoo uza kubonakala ube mnyama kunokuba kuya kupheliswa. Ngexesha lexesha lokuphilisa, i-scab iyakumisa kwaye iwele, ibonakalise umbala wenene we tattoo. Ungakhethi esikhaleni okanye uzame ukususa. Ukuba usususwe kusasa kakhulu, isiqwenga siza kuthatha ininzi ye-pigment tattoo kunye nayo.
Ukubuyisela kunye nexesha lokuphumula
Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-ingono kunye ne-areola ngokuqhelekileyo yinkqubo yokuphulukana neempatho ezifuna ngaphantsi kweyure ukugqiba. Uninzi lwezigulane ziza kuba neentlungu ezibuhlungu okanye ezibuhlungu ezinokuthi ziphathwe ngababulali ababuhlungu, kwaye ziyakwazi ukubuyela kwimisebenzi yazo eqhelekileyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
Njengazo zonke iinkqubo zokugqirha, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ezi zikhokelo ziyakwazi ukuhluka ngokubanzi ngokusekelwe kwimpilo yomntu, izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nezinye izinto ezichasene nokuhlinzwa. Kungakhathaliseki, kubalulekile ukunyamekela ukuba ungayithobeli iindawo zenkqubo kumandla ogqithiseleyo, ukuchithwa okanye ukunyakaza ngexesha lokuphilisa. Naluphi na ubuhlungu obukhulu kufuneka buxelelwe ugqirha wakho.
Ukuqhaqhafaza kunye neNzwa
Ukuba ukulungiswa kwakhona kufezekiswa ngetektoo kuphela, akukho ukutshabalalisa okutsha okudaliweyo. Kwimeko yendawo yokuvuselela i-flap, iziqholo ezincinci zihlala kwindawo yomlenze kwaye zifihliwe ngokutsha kwakhona. Ukuba isetyenzisiwe se-graft sisetyenzisiweyo, isiqalo esitsha siya kubonakala malunga nomjikelezo we-areola entsha. Ingqungquthela eyongezelelweyo nayo yenziwa kwisiza somnikeli.
Kungakhathaliseki indlela esetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwakhona, kubalulekile ukuba ulungele ukuba indawo entsha yesikhumba ayiyi kuba nemvakalelo efanayo neengxube zesifuba esisele (okanye amabele angaphambili angokwemvelo).
ILizwi
Ukukhethwa kokuba uphinde wakhiwe kwakhona okanye ayikho ngokupheleleyo kuwe kwaye akukho ndlela efanelekileyo okanye engalunganga. Ukuba unomuvo wokuba uyenziwe ngokuhlinzwa, okanye ungafuni ukuxhatshazwa yonyango olongezelelweyo (okanye iingono ezingapheliyo) aziveki ukuba ufanele ulandele kule "nyathelo yokugqibela" yokwakhiwa kwakhona. Kwaye ukuba ufuna ngokwenene ukuvuselela kunye nabahlobo okanye intsapho yakho yokuziqhelanisa, yenza phambili kwaye wenze okusemandleni akho kuphela.
Njengoko ucinga ngohambo lwakho nomhlaza wesifuba ngoku, unokuziva ukhululekile kwaye ukhathele. Kungaba yintuthuzelo encinci ukuqonda ukuba umdlavuza utshintsha abantu ngendlela efanelekileyo kakuhle . Izifundo ezijonge "ukukhula kwangemva kwexesha" kubantu abanomhlaza baye bafumanisa ukuba abahlali abasemdlalweni abanalo ukuxabisa ngakumbi ubomi kodwa banomdla ngakumbi kwabanye.
Imithombo:
Mota, B., Riera, R., Ricci, M., Barrett, J., de Castria, T., Atallah, A., noJ. Bevilacqua. I-Nipple- ne-Areola-Ukunyusa iMastectomy kwiNyango yeCanscer Breast. I-Cochrane Database yeeNkqubo eziPhezulu . 2016. 11: CD008932.
Satteson, E., Brown, B., kunye noMahabedian. Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Nipple-Areolar Complex kunye nokuQoniswa ngumonde: Uhlolo lokuHlola kunye ne-Meta-Analysis. Gland Surgery . 2017. 6 (1): 4-13.
Sisti, A., Grimaldi, L., Tassinari, J. et al. I-Nipple-Areola Complex Iinkqubo zokwakhiwa kwakhona: UkuHlola kweeNcwadi. I-European Journal ye-Oncology yokugulisa . 2016. 42 (4): 441-65.