Ukulawulwa kwezifo kuyindlela yokunakekelwa kwezempilo efundisa izigulane indlela yokulawula isifo esingasigxina. Abagulayo bafunda ukuthatha uxanduva lokuqonda indlela yokuzinyamekela. Bafunda ukuphepha iingxaki ezinokuthi zenze ingxaki kunye nokuxakeka, okanye ukugqithisa, kwimiba yabo yezempilo.
- Umzekelo: Isinyathelo esinye ekufundiseni izifo zesifo sesifo sikashukela kukuba umbonise indlela yokugcina amanqanaba akhe ashukela egazini kwindawo ephilileyo.
Umgaqo wokufundisa izigulane ukuphathwa kwezifo kukhula kwinqwenela yokuphucula umgangatho wokunyamekela kwesigulane. Ngo-2005, iinkampani ze-inshorensi zempilo zajika zijolise ekulawuleni izifo kumzamo wokulawula iindleko zonyango . Inkolelo yayikukuba ukuba izigulane zifunde ukunyamekela ingxaki zabo zempilo, ziyakusindisa imali yenkampani yomshuwalense.
I-Health Policy Institute yaseJeorgetown University yathi i-44% yamaMerika ahlala ekhaya anemiqathango engapheliyo kwaye i-78% yenkcitho yezempilo e-United States. Ulawulo olungcono lwezifo ezingapheliyo lunokunciphisa iindleko zezempilo.
Izixhobo zoLawulo lweZifo
I-Association Management Management yaseMelika ichaza ezi zinto:
- Ukuchonga abantu abajoliswe kuzo: zeziphi izifo ezifanele ziqwalaselwe kwaye abantu abanaloo miqathango bangabhaliswa njani kwinkqubo yokulawulwa kwezifo?
- Ukuseka izikhokelo zenkxaso-siseko esekelwe kwimimiselo eya kulawulwa.
- Ukwakha imizekelo yokusebenzisana: Ukongeza kwamagqirha, iinkqubo zokulawulwa kwezifo zisebenzisa abahlengikazi, izondlo, amayeza kunye namanye amalungu eqela.
- Fundisa isigulane: Yenza inkqubo yokufundisa ukuzilawula izigulane.
- Ukulinganisa iziphumo: ukuseka iinkqubo zokulandelela iindleko, ukusetyenziswa, iziphumo zempilo.
- Ukunika ingxelo kunye nokunika ingxelo.
Iimeko ezijoliswe kuLawulo lweZifo
Ezi meko zidla ngokuba zibandakanywa kwinkqubo yolawulo lwezifo:
- Izifo zentliziyo kubandakanya ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo yesifo , isifo senhliziyo nesifo segazi
- Izifo ezigugu eziquka isifo esingapheliyo sesifo se-pulmonary disease ( COPD )
- Izifo zesibindi
- Sikashukela
- Iingxaki zeengqondo ezifana nokudandatheka kwengqondo.
- Isifo se-Alzheimer okanye esinye isifo sengqondo
- Cancer
- Arthritis
- Osteoporosis
- Ukulala ngomoya
- Ukunyanya
- Isifuba
Ukusebenza koLawulo lweZifo
Ekupheleni konyaka ka-2007, iingxelo zokuqala malunga nokulawulwa kweendleko ngokulawulwa kwezifo zibonise ukuba iindleko azilawulwa. Ukuhluleka ukufezekisa injongo ephambili yokumisela ezi nkqubo kuphazamisayo. Kodwa kwakukho iziphumo ezintle zokwaneliseka kwesigulane nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi kunye neenkqubo zokulawulwa kwezifo.
Iprojekthi ye-Medicare Health Support igxile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela okanye ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo. Ingxelo efanisa izigulane ezingama-163,107 ezineqela lokulawula zathi ukuba iinkqubo zokulawulwa kwezifo azizange zinciphise ukuvakelwa kwezibhedlele okanye ukuvakatyelwa kwamagumbi okuphuthuma. Kwakungabikho ukugcinwa kwezonyango kwi-Medicare kwezi zi gulane.
Nangona kunjalo, ilingo lemiqathango yokulawulwa kwezifo ngenxa yesifo esingapheliyo sesifo se-pulmary disease esaphathwa yi-Veterans Administration sithole ukunyuka kwamagumbi okutyelela kunye nokulaliswa kwezibhedlele kunye nokugcinwa kweendleko.
Ukuphononongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwezicwangciso zokulawulwa kwezifo azibonisanga ukugcinwa kweendleko okanye ukuphucula iziphumo zempilo yezigulane. Oku kunokubhekisela kwisidingo sokuphucula iinkqubo zokulawulwa kwezifo ukwenzela ukuba ziphumelele kuzo zombini iinjongo.
> Imithombo:
> Dewan NA, et al. (2011). Uvavanyo lwezoQoqosho lweNkqubo yoLawulo lweZifo zoLondolozo oluPhezulu lweZifo eziPhezulu ". I-COPD 8 (3): 153-9. i-doi: 10.3109 / 15412555.2011.56012
> Mattke, S; Seid, M; Ma, S (ngoDisemba 2007). "Ububungqina beSiphumo soLawulo lweZifo: Ngaba i-R1 Billion ngonyaka i-Investment Good?" (PDF). Umbhalo waseMerika woNonophelo oLawulayo 13 (12): 670-6.
> McCall N, uCromwell J (2011). "Iziphumo zeProgram ye-Medicare Health Support Programme-pilot Programme". N Engl J Med 365 (18): 1704-12. I-doi: 10.1056 / NEJMsa1011785