Ukutya okuphantsi kwe-FODMAP kunokunciphisa imiqondiso kwiimeko ezithile
Nangona kukho izidlo ezininzi eziye zafunyanwa ngabantu abanobuhlungu besifo (IBD) , kuncinci kwindlela yophando engabonakalisa okanye ukuphikisa ukukwazi kwezi zidlo ukuba luncedo kwi-IBD.
Ukutya okuphantsi kwe-FODMAP kuya kuba yinto ethandwa kakhulu kubantu abaneempawu zokugaya ukutya, ngokugqithiseleyo kwi- syndrome ekhubazayo (IBS) .
I-FODMAP imele i-Fermentable Oligosaccharides, i-Disaccharides, i-Monosaccharides, ne-Polyols, kunye nokutya okuphantsi kwe-FODMAP, ukutya okuqulethwe kwezi zinto (ezo iintlobo ze-carbohydrates kunye noshukela) zilinganiselwe.
Eli nqaku liza kuhlola ukutya okuphantsi kwe-FODMAP kunye nendlela eye yaboniswa ngayo ichaphazela i-IBD.
Ukutya kunye ne-IBD: Indlovu egumbini
Kubantu abanesifo sokugaya ezifana ne-IBD, ukutya ngumbuzo omkhulu ovulekile . Ngokomlando, akukho khokelo, okanye ubungqina, malunga nendlela abantu abane-IBD abangadla ngayo ukuze banondle kakuhle umzimba wabo ngokusebenzisa i-flare-up okanye ngexesha lokuxolelwa .
Kukho amabali anecdot though: abantu abaye bazama indlela ethile yokutya eye yabasebenza kubo. Ngelishwa, oku kudla ngokuba yiphumo lesilingo kunye nesiphene kwaye ezinye zezidlo zincinci ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba zingasweleki izondlo eziyimfuneko. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abane-IBD kufuneka badle kwaye uthetha ngendlela ezibuhlungu ngayo ezi zifo, kunye nokuntuleka kokunqongophala kwezondlo, ukuba izigulane zikulungele ukuzama ukutya okuthintekayo.
Ngethamsanqa, ngoku kutya kukugxininisa uphando, kwaye njengoko izazinzulu zifunda ngakumbi, abantu abane-IBD baya kuba nokufumana izikhokelo zokutya ezingcono. Esinye isidlo esinokufumana ingqalelo kwi-FODMAP ephantsi yokutya.
Yintoni iFODMAP?
I-FODMAP ayinembile enembileyo : akunjalo ukuba umntu unokukhangela ukutya kwaye akafumanise ukuba iphantsi okanye iphezulu kwi-FODMAP.
Yingakho ukutya kuhlolwe kwizinto zabo zeFODMAP kwaye akukho nqongopho lwezintlu apho ukutya kungakhangela khona.
Nangona kunjalo, ukwazi izicwangciso zegama leFODMAP kunokunceda abo basebenzisa oku kutya. Isiseko esisiseko kukuba ezinye izakhi zokutya ziyakwazi ukufumana izithambiso kunye nokuba abanye abantu banokuba neempawu ezincinci zokutya xa ezi zinto ziphela.
F Stands for Fermentable. Inkqubo yokuvumba yilapho ukutya kugqitywa ngamasimu, iibhaktheriya, okanye ii-microorganisms. Xa oku kwenzeka emathunjini, kukho iproducts, kubandakanywa i-acids chain chainty acid and gases.
O Ubeka i-Oligosaccharides. I-Oligosaccharides i-carbohydrates enokuthi iphakathi kwe-3 no-10 ishukela elula ehlanganiswe kunye. Ezinye i-oligosaccharides ayikwazi ukugalelwa kumathumbu omntu kuba umzimba awuvelisi i-enzyme efanelekileyo (alpha-galactosidase) ukuyila.
D Izikhokelo zeeDevacrides. I-disaccharide luhlobo lweswekile olwenene luhlobo lweentlobo zeshukela ezidibene kunye nento ebizwa ngokuba yi-glycosidic linkage. Ama-disaccharides agxothwa ngoncedo lwe-enzyme emzimbeni womntu, kodwa kukho abantu abangenako ukwenza ngokwaneleyo kwezinye zeezymes.
M I-Stands ye-Monosaccharides . I-monosaccharide ishukela enye (apho i "mono" ingena khona) engayi kuphulwa ibe yincinci. Ngethuba lokutya, i-carbohydrates idilizwe ibe yi-monosaccharides, ezithathwa ngumathumbu omncinci.
P Stands for Polyols. Iipolyolols zitshatywala zeswekile ezitholakala kwiziqhamo nemifuno. Kukho iipolols ezenziwe ngabantu, ezifana nezithandwa ezinjengokugqithisa izinto ezifana ne-sorbitol kunye ne-xylitol. Ezinye iipololols azigcini ngokupheleleyo, yingakho ziphantsi kweekhalori, kuba zidlula emzimbeni.
Ngaba isidlo se-FODMAP esiphantsi siya kunceda i-IBD?
Okwangoku akukho mvumelwano malunga nokutya okungaphantsi kwe-FODMAP kuya kunceda abantu abane-IBD.
Kukho imiba enje, nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba i-IBD ayisinye isifo kodwa izifo ezininzi kunye neembonakalo ezineempawu ezahlukileyo. Kuyaziwa ukuba ukunciphisa i-FODMAP kungeyikukunceda ukuvuvukala okubangelwa yi-IBD. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu abane-IBD banempawu ngisho nangokuba bengenalo ukuvuvukala (kwaye banokufumana ifomu lokuxolelwa).
Ukutya okuphantsi kwe-FODMAP kukufumana ingqalelo kunyango lwe-IBS. Ngenxa yokuba abantu abane-IBD banakho ukuba ne-IBS , kunokwenzeka ukuba ukutya okuphantsi kwe-FODMAP kuya kunceda abo bane-IBD abanayo, okanye banokubakholelwa ukuba bane-IBS.
Kukho isifundo esincinci esisodwa esibonisa ukuba i-FODMAP ephantsi yanceda abantu abane-IBD abanezinto ezibizwa ngokuba "iimpawu zomzimba ezisemgangathweni," eziza kubandakanya iimpawu ze-IBS ezinjengegesi, ukubhubhisa, kunye nehudo. Izigulane ezi zifundo zibhekwa "zizinzile" ngokubhekiselele kwi-IBD yazo, kodwa abaphandi abazange benze naluphi na uvavanyo lokufumanisa ukuba kukho ukuvutha kwe-IBD okanye ezinye iingxaki ze-IBD ezinxulumene nokufunda. Ngale ndlela, iziphumo zincinci, kodwa yinyathelo lokuqala ekuqondeni ukuba i-FODMAP ephantsi ingancedisa abantu abane-IBD abangenakho ingxaki yokutya yokutya.
Olunye uphando lubheka indlela ukutya okuphantsi kwe-FODMAP kunokunceda ngayo abantu abane- j-pouch (i-IPAA okanye i-pole-lial-anal anal anastomosis) . Into abayifumene kukuba abantu abane-j-poch babenomdla we-carbohydrate malabsorption. Kule sifundo esincinci kakhulu, izigulane ezingenayo i- pouchitis (ezo zivuthayo kwisikhwama) zinezithuba ezimbalwa xa ii-FODMAP zancitshiswa.
Ukutya kuthathwa njengeFODMAP ephantsi
Ngenxa yokuba i-FODMAP ayikho into engabonwa ngokujonga ukutya, ukuba neenlist zokutya kuya kuba luncedo kunoma ubani ozama ukutya okuphantsi kwe-FODMAP. Ngezantsi uluhlu lwezinto zokuqala ezinokukunceda ekuqondeni ukuba kukuphi ukutya okunokusebenza kunye nalokhu kutya:
- Iintyatyambo: Ubhanana, i-blueberry, i-strawberries, i-raspberries, i-oranges, iinanpha, iidiliya, i-cantaloupe, i-honeydew
- Imifuno: Utamatisi, i-lettuce, i-kale, isipinashi, ikhukhamba, izaqathe, ubhontshisi obuluhlaza, intsimbi ye-bell, i-zucchini, i-squash, isitshalo seqanda
- Iingqolowa kunye neenkwenkwezi: Ilayiti; IQuinoa; iifatata; oats; iiglasi zerhasi; i-gluten isonka esingenasiphelo, i-pasta, abaqholi, ii-cookie, kunye neesinkwa
- Ubisi: Ubisi lwe- Lactose-free, yogurt, i-cottage shiese, ice cream; iindidi ezinzima okanye ezindala; ibhotela; ukhilimu
- Iiprotheyini: Inkukhu, intlanzi, i-turkey, i-cow, ingulube, amaqanda, i-tofu eqinile, i-peanut okanye i-almond ibhotela, imbewu, ezinye iinantambo, iinxalenye ezincinci zama-chickpeas ezinamathanga kunye neententile
Ukutya kuthathwa njengeFPMP ePhakamileyo
Zonke ukutya eziphezulu zeFODMAP azifani: ezinye ziya kuba namazinga aphezulu kunabanye. Ukusebenza kunye nesondlo kunokutya ngokubandakanya nayiphi na i-FODMAP ephezulu ekutya. Abanye abantu banokukwazi ukunyamezela ukutya okuphezulu kwe-FODMAP ngamanani amancinci ngelixa abanye bengenako. Ngokubanzi, ezinye zokutya eziphezulu zeFODMAP ziquka:
- Iintyatyambo: ii-apula, ii-mangos, iipereya, iiperesi, i-watermelon
- Iingqolowa: Ubolweni, rye, ibhali
- I-Lactose: Ubisi, i-ayisikrimu, i-yogurt
- Izilwanyana ezisisityalo: I- Soy, ilayisi, i-oat
- Imifuno: Ubhontshisi obhakabhaka, ii-soybean, ubhontshisi abamnyama
- Abangcamli: I- Agave, ujoni, isiraphu yengqolowa ephezulu yefructose
- Imifuno: I- Asparagus, i-cauliflower, i-garlic, i-anyanisi, i-peap peas
Ngaba i-Low FODMAP Inqandelelo ye-IBD?
I-IBD ichaphazela ukugaya kunye nabanye abantu abane-IBD abafumana izondlo ezaneleyo, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokungakwazi ukudla ukutya okunomsoco okanye ubuninzi bamathumbu abancinci amavithamini namaminerali ngendlela efanele.
Enye inkxalabo kukuba ukutya okuphantsi kwe-FODMAP kuya kunciphisa ukutya okuhlukahlukeneyo kunye nomoya uphazamise kakhulu, kubangele iingxaki ezongezelelekileyo. Olunye uphando lubonise ukuba abantu abane-IBD basenokuba besidla i-FODMAP ephantsi. Kule meko, abaphandi bancoma ukuba basebenze kunye ne-dietitian ukuba yindlela efanelekileyo yokuzama ukutya okuphantsi kwe-FODMAP kwaye usenokufumana zonke iivithamini neemaminerali ezifunekayo. Ukongezelela, ukutya okuphantsi kwe-FODMAP akubhekiselelwe ekubeni yidlo yokutya, kodwa kunoko inxalenye yesicwangciso sokutya jikelele.
Ukufumana ukutya okuphantsi kwe-FODMAP akukhululekile kwimeko yesilingo kunye nephutha, nokuba kunjalo. Wonke umntu uya kuba neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-FODMAP eziya kuzinyameka imihla ngemihla. Oku kufuneka kudityaniswe nendlela yokuphila kunye neengcamango: akunakulungileyo ukuba ube nesicwangciso esiphantsi sokutya se-FODMAP esinezinto ezingathandwa, akunakufumaneka lula, okanye kunzima ukulungiselela nokupheka. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwizifundo ezininzi eziphantsi zeFODMAP, abathathi-nxaxheba abazange bafumane ukutya okunzima ukulandela okanye ukuthintelwa, oku mhlawumbi ngenxa yokutya okuhlukahlukeneyo okubalwa njengeFODMAP ephantsi.
ILizwi
Sisazi ngokwaneleyo malunga nokuba luncedo njani ukutya okuphantsi kwe-FODMAP ngabantu abano-IBD. Kukho izifundo ezithile, kodwa azizange zibe zikhulu ngokwaneleyo okanye ziphelele ngokwaneleyo ukwenza nantoni na izigqibo.
Kubantu abane-IBD abaqhuba kakuhle ngokuchaneka okanye ezinye iimpawu ze-IBD kodwa abanempawu, isondlo se-FODMAP esiphantsi sinokukunceda. Inokukunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu ezinjenge-IBS ezenzekayo xa i-IBD ilawulwa.
Kukho izixhobo ezininzi ze-intanethi ezikhoyo ukukunceda ekufumaneni ukutya okuphantsi kwe-FODMAP okuya kufanelana nesicwangciso sokutya se-IBD. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba umtyikitya wokutya axoxwe ekuqulunqweni kokutya okufanelekileyo.
> Imithombo:
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> Croagh, C, Abelusi SJ, Berryman M, Muir JG, Gibson PR. "Uphononongo lwesiphelo malunga nomphumo wokunciphisa ukutya kwe-FODMAP ekusebenzeni kwezilwanyana kwizigulane ngaphandle kwekholoni." I-Inflamm Bowel Dis . 2007: 13: 1522-1528.
> I-Gearry RB, Irving PM, uBarrett JS, et al. "Ukunciphisa ukutya okunomsocoko we-carbohydrate emfutshane (i-FODMAPs) kuphucula iimpawu zesisu kwizigulane ezinezifo ezigugu-isifundo somqhubi." J Crohns Colitis 2009; 3: 8-14.
> Gibson PR. "Ukusetyenziswa kwesondlo se-FODMAP esezantsi kwisifo sokugulisa." J Gastroenterol Hepatol . Ngo-2017 uMar; 32 I-Suppl 1: 40-42.
> Macfarlane GT, iMacfarlane S. "Ukutsalwa kwintliziyo enkulu yamathumbu: imiphumo yayo ye-physiologic kunye negalelo elingaba li-prebiotics." J Clin Gastroenterol . NgoNovemba ka-2011; 45 I-Suppl: S120-S127.