Ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi kunye nokuLindela koBomi
Ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi kuzandile kakuhle: akukho mqhubi, yenza oko ufuna, ukuhamba, njl., Kodwa umhlala-phantsi uthintela impilo yakho kunye nexesha lokuphila? Lo ngumbuzo omuhle, kwaye impendulo ixhomekeke (ndicinga) ngokuthethele ukuba uthini ngomhlalaphantsi.
Umhlalaphansi Ekuqaleni = Ukufa kwangaphambili?
Sonke sinokuphupha nje ngomhlala-phantsi. Kuzwakala kukumangalisayo: ukhuseleko lwemali kunye nexesha lokwenza nantoni na oyifunayo.
Ngaba umhlalaphantsi ongasemsebenzini unengcamango enempilo, nangona kunjalo? Uhlolisiso kwinkampani ye-Shell Oil yabheka kuloo mbuzo waza wafumanisa ukuba abantu abahlala umhlala-phantsi kwiminyaka yobudala abangama-55 babenomngcipheko wokufa ngokuphindwe kabini xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abahlala umhlala-phantsi kwiminyaka engama-60. Nazi iinkcukacha:
- Uphononongo luhlolisise ukusinda kwabaqeshwa abangama-839 abaye baphume umhlala-phantsi kuma-55 no-1929 abasebenzi abaye baphume umhlala-phantsi kuma-60 baza baqhathanisa nabasebenzi abangama-900 abaye bahlala umhlala-phantsi kuma-65. Abasetyhini benza i-11% kuphela yabantu abafundayo.
- Ikhonkco phakathi kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi kwangaphambili kunye nokufa kwangaphambili kwakukhulu kumadoda. Enyanisweni, amadoda athathe umhlalaphantsi angama-55 anengozi enkulu yokunyuka kwama-80% kunabesifazana abaye bahlala umhlala-phantsi kuma-55.
- Abantu abaye baphume umhlala-phantsi kuma-60 babengafani nababantu abahlala umhlalaphantsi kwiminyaka yobudala engama-65, ngokubhekiselele kumngcipheko wokufa.
- Kungenzeka ukuba abantu abahlala phantsi kuma-55 banempilo embi (kwaye ngoko bakhetha umhlalaphantsi kwangaphambili).
Ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi kwi-Age 60, kungeyona Inkinga yezeMpilo
Olunye uphando lwafumanisa ukuba ukuhlala phantsi kwiminyaka engama-60 kubonakala kungekhona kwimpembelelo yempilo.
Kuphando lwabacwaningi be-Whitehall II balandela abakhonzi baseBritani. Oku kubanika ukuba bakwazi ukufikelela kwi-database enkulu yempilo kunye nolwazi lwabantu. Kukho amakhulu emfundo kwiziko leenkcukacha kwaye omnye wabo ubhekisele kwimpembelelo yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kwiminyaka engama-60 kwimpilo. Nantsi into abayifumeneyo:
Abantu abahlala umhlala-phantsi kwiminyaka engama-60 babenomsebenzi ofanayo wezempilo kunye nempilo yengqondo njengabantu abafana nabo ababesasebenza.
Enyanisweni, impilo yengqondo yabathathe umhlalaphantsi iphuculwe emva kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi. Ngoko ngokolu cwaningo, ukuhlala umhlala-phantsi kwiminyaka engama-60 akunakonakalisa okanye kukulungele.
Ukuhlala phantsi eGrisi
Akuzona zonke iindaba ezilungileyo, nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yomhlalaphantsi. Kwesinye sezifundo eziphambili ezenziwe kakuhle (ezitshintshiweyo) zokuthatha umhlalaphantsi kunye nempilo, abaphandi bafumene ukuba ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi kwaba nefuthe elibi kwimpilo. Olu pho nonongo lukhangele amadoda angama-16,827 eGrisi ababengazange bafumane ukuba banezempilo, ezifana nesifo sikashukela, isifo, umhlaza okanye isifo senhliziyo. Waqhathanisa namadoda athathe umhlalaphantsi kumadoda asebenzayo (khumbula, akukho namnye kubo owayenesimo sempilo enkulu ekuqaleni kweso sifundo). Kwafumanisa ukuba abahlala phantsi babenokwanda kwe-51% kwengozi yokufa (emva kokulawula izinto, ezifana nobutyebi, imfundo, isimo somtshato, njl.). Ininzi yokwanda kwengozi yokufa yahlanganiswa nesifo senhliziyo kunye nempilo yengqondo.
Ngaba Ndifanele Ndiyikhansele Umhlala-phantsi?
Kuthiwani ngokungahambi phantsi? Kukho imimandla apho abantu banempilweni kwaye baphelele kakuhle kwiminyaka yobudala. Kule ndawo, akuqhelekanga ukuba uneminyaka engama-90 ubudala ukuba uhambe ngeekhilomitha ezimbalwa ngosuku, uncedise umyezo kwaye unakekele abantwana abazukulu.
Abantu babonakala bephila kakuhle kwiindawo, ezifana ne- Okinawa , Valley Valley kunye neVilcabamba . Kule mimandla, imbono yokuthatha umhlalaphantsi ayikho. Abantu bahlala bekhuthele kwiminyaka yabo. Ngokwenene, baya, bahambe, bahambe baze badlule. Ababonanga ixesha elide lokugula okungapheliyo okanye ukukhubazeka. Abaphengululi abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ukungabikho komhlalaphantsi kule mimandla (kunye nokutya) yizona zizathu eziphambili zabantu abadala kakhulu. Yenza umhlala-phantsi wakho ube njengobomi babo, kwaye unokuphepha ezinye zeengxaki zempilo ezinxulumene neminyaka eziqhelekileyo kubantu abadala.
Indlela yokufumana umhlala-phantsi onempilo
Yonke le ngxoxo malunga nomhlalaphantsi kunye nempilo ayihambisani.
Yintoni ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yakho yintoni oyenzayo emzimbeni nasengqondweni yakho. Ukuba uthatha umhlalaphantsi kwaye uhlala ujikeleze yonke imini, impilo yakho iya kulahla. Ukuba uthatha umhlalaphantsi kwaye uthatha i-gym xa udla iitoni zezithelo nemifuno, impilo yakho iya kuphucula. Abantu abasebenzayo banokuba nempilo enzima xa behlala yonke imihla baze bacinezeleke, ke ubalekele ukuba umhlala-phantsi uphilile okanye awukho - jonga imikhuba yakho yemihla ngemihla uze unqume ukuba ngubani ofuna ukuphuculwa. Nalu uluhlu ukuze uqalise:
- Iintyatyambo kunye nemifuno: Udinga ukutya phakathi kwama-5 ne-9 kwiintlobo zemifuno kunye nemifuno imihla ngemihla. Le yile nombolo yakho enye yokutya okunomsoco. Unokwenza oku nje ngokufaka ii-servings 2 ngosuku lwakho ngeveki. Ekupheleni kwenyanga, uya kuba khona.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Kufuneka usebenzise yonke imihla. Oko ukhetha kumsebenzi wakho kuya kuxhomekeka kwimpilo yakho kunye neminqweno yakho. Qinisekisa ukwenza iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza amandla, ukuguquguquka, impilo yempilo kunye nokulinganisela.
- Impilo yeBongo: Ingqondo yakho idinga ukuzivocavoca. Fumana iindlela zokuvuselela ubuchopho bakho ekufundeni izinto ezintsha kwaye ugcine amagwebu ekukhuleni apho.
- Ukuphumula: Musa ukulibala ukuphumla. Abanye abantu abaninzi abaxinezelekileyo ndiyazi ukuba bahlala phantsi. Baye batshintshe umsebenzi wabo wemihla ngemihla kwimpilo yabo yokuthatha umhlalaphantsi. Fumana indlela ehleliweyo yokuphumla yonke imihla. Zama le nkqubo yokucamngca ukukunceda uphumule kwaye unike ingqondo yakho ukuqhuba umsebenzi ngexesha elifanayo.
- Ukulala : Bonke abantu abadala bafuna ukulala phakathi kweeyure ezingama-7 no-9 ubusuku bonke. Njengoko uneminyaka yobudala, oku kunzima, ngakumbi ukuba uthatha imishana okanye unempilo. Qeqesha umzimba wakho ukuba ube nobuchule obuhle bokulala, kwaye ugweme imikhwa emibi yabantu abathile abahlala phantsi (oko kukuthi, ukuthatha ixesha elide).
- Ubudlelwane: Ubuhlobo bakho nabantu banokukunceda uphile ixesha elide. Qinisekisa ukukhulisa ubuhlobo bakho kunye nolwalamano olusapho. Ukuba ungekho kubahlobo kunye nentsapho, cinga ngokuzivolontiya-yindlela enhle yokudibana nabantu kwaye ufumane inzuzo yempilo yolwalamano.
Imithombo:
UChristina Bamia, uAntonia Trichopoulou, kunye noDimitrios Trichopoulos. Ubudala kwiMhlala-phantsi kunye nokuSweleka kwiSibonelelo saBantu baseMzantsi Afrika-IsiFundo se-EPIC Study. I-American Journal of Epidemiology 2008 167 (5): 561-569.
U-Tsai et al, "Ukuhlala ngexesha lokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kunye nokuhlala ixesha elide labemi bezentengiselwano: ukufundelwa kwamanye amaqela," i-BMJ, eyapapashwa kwi-Oktobha 20, 2005.
G Mein, P Martikainen, H Hemingway, S Stansfeld, M Marmot. Ngaba umhlalaphantsi ulungile okanye unobungozi kwimpilo yengqondo kunye nempilo? I-Whitehall II isifundo sexesha elide labasebenzi bakarhulumente. BMJ. 2003: 57: 46-49.