Ukugonywa ngokuchasene nentsholongwane kuyimfuneko ebalulekileyo kwiplani yesondlo sobomi kubantu abanezifo ezikhulayo (IBD) . Ukuhlala usesikhathini sokugonywa kubalulekile kwizizathu ezininzi, kodwa ngokugqithiseleyo xa iyeza eziphilayo zingasetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ixesha elincomekayo lokunika iigonya ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe i-biologic, kodwa ezinye zingaphinde zinikezwe emva kokuba zifuneka.
Abantu abane-IBD kufuneka bahlole iingcali zabo malunga ne-vaccination status. Abantu abadala, ngokukodwa, bangadinga isicwangciso sokufumana zonke iigonywayo ezicetywayo abazifunayo. Ukunyamekela ngokugonywa kuya kuba yinto ekhuselekileyo yokukhusela kwizifo ezikhuselweyo kwixesha elizayo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, izitofu zinconywa ngaphambi kokuba isiguli siqale ukwelashwa kwe-biologic. Ukugonywa ngokuchasene nezifo eziqhelekileyo kuyimfuneko kuba unyango lwe-biologic uphepha umzimba wokuzivikela. Oku kuthetha ukuba umntu ofumana iziyobisi ze-biologic angaba nako ukufumana isifo. Izifo zingabangela ingozi eninzi kwaye zithetha ukuba i-biologic kufuneka imiswe ixesha ngexesha isifo sisisombululo. Ayisona isiphumo esiya kuba luncedo ekuphatheni i-IBD engundoqo, kwaye kutheni izitofu zivame ukunikezelwa ngaphambi kokuqala izidakamizwa ze-biologic, okanye ngamanye amaxesha emva koko.
Ngaba Ulwaphulo lwe-Biologic kufuneka luhlehliselwe iigciwane?
Ugqirha uya kuba ngumthombo ongcono kakhulu wokuphendula lo mbuzo, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, mhlawumbi akunjalo.
Zininzi izitofu zisenokunikezwa emva kokuqala unyango lwe-biologic. Uhlobo oluthi lukhunjulwe yi-vaccin egciniweyo, okanye ii-LAIV, ezichanekileyo ezinegciwane eliphilayo. Ngokukhawuleza njengoko i-biologics ixutyushwa njengendlela yokwenza unyango, izitofu kufuneka zibe yinxalenye yengxoxo.
Iigonti zikhuthazwa ngabo bafumana i-Biologic Therapy
Isicwangciso ngasinye sokugonywa kwesigulane siya kuba sahluke, ngokusekelwe kwiigonyana abaye bafumana kunye nomngcipheko wokuphuhlisa izifo ezithile. Ugqirha olawula iigcino kufuneka asebenze nesigulane se-IBD ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso esiqinisekisa ukugonywa okupheleleyo kwegciwane. Kukho izikhokelo zentsholongwane eziye zenzeka kulabo sele sele befumana unyango kunye ne-agent biologic.
- I-Hib yokugonya . Intsholongwane yeHaemophilus influenzae ye-b (Hib) ingabangela i-meningitis, i-pneumonia, kunye nezinye izifo. Esi sigxina sinikezelwa rhoqo kubantwana kwaye sinconywa kubantu abadala abangazange bayifumane, kuquka nabani na ofumana i-biologic.
VVV . I-vacillomavirus (HPV) yegciwane le-human is a series of 3 shots ezinikezelwa ukuthintela usulelo lwe-HPV. I-HPV idibene nokuphuhliswa kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza wesifo sokuzala kunye nomhlaza wesifo somqala kunye nomhlaza. I-HPV iphakanyisiwe de kube neminyaka engama-26 kubantu abangenakuxilongwa (okuquka izigulane ze-IBD ezifumana unyango lwe-biologic).
Isitofu sokugonywa kwepneumococcal. Oku kukugonywa nge- Streptococcus pneumoniae bhakteria, enokubangela iintlobo ezininzi zokugula. Kubalulekile ukuba zonke izigulane zifumane le gonyolo, yonke imizamo eyenziwe ukuyinikela ngaphambi kokuqala unyango lwe-biologic. Oku kugonywa kuyinkimbinkimbi kuba ihlukile kulabo abayifumene ngaphambili nalabo abangakaze bayifumane. Abo bafumene i-vaccine esikhathini esidlulileyo bangadinga ukugonywa ezimbini, eziqhelekileyo (kodwa kungekho rhoqo) zinikezelwa malunga nonyaka ngaphandle. Kwizigulane ze-IBD ezingakaze zithole isitofu sokugonywa kwe-pneumococcal, kunokubakho iigonyo ezintathu ezifunekayo. I-booster njalo kwiminyaka emihlanu iyacetyiswa kwakhona.
Umkhuhlane wexesha lomdlalo . Kunokucetyiswa ukuba i-fd shot season iyanconywa kubantu abane-IBD, kwanabo bafumana unyango lwe-biologic okanye bathatha ezinye iziyobisi ezithintela isistim somzimba. Umkhuhlane wesibhamu awuqukethe intsholongwane yomkhuhlane. Impuphu yamanzi (engabonakaliyo kwixesha lalo mkhuhlane we-2017-2018) ayikhuthazwa kuba yi-LAIV.
ITetanus . Kubantu abano-IBD, uphendu lwetetanus lunconywa ngokufanayo njengabantu bonke. Izibhengezo zeTetan kufuneka zinikezelwe ubuncinci kwiminyaka eyi-10, kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo xa kwenzeka ingozi, njengokungena kwi-nail ekhuni. Ukugonya kwe-tetanus kuhlanganiswe nezinye izitofu, okuyi-diphtheria kunye ne-tetanus toxoids kunye ne-acellular pertussis (DTaP). Esi sitofu sikhusela isifo se-tetanus, i-pertussis (ukukhwehlela), kunye ne-diphtheria. Abantu abadala abangazange bafumane i-pertussis yokugonya bangadinga i-DTaP, enokunikezwa kwichungechunge lwe-3 vaccines.
Iigonti zikhuthazwe kwiimeko ezithile
- Isifo sokugonywa kwe-Hepatitis A. Intsholongwane ye-hepatitis A ingabangela isifo sesibindi sesifo se-hepatitis. Esi sitofu sinconywa kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-1 abasengozini enkulu yokufumana isifo sengculaza, nokuba nabo bafumana i-biologic.
- Ukugonya kwe-Hepatitis B. Intsholongwane ye-hepatitis B ingabangela ukusuleleka kwisibindi, esinakho ukuhlala singapheliyo. Esi sigxina sinconywa nakwabo abo bacinga ukuba basengozini yokufumana isifo sengculaza ye-hepatitis B.
- Isitofu sokugonywa kweMenococcal. Umgomo wokukhusela i-meningococcal ukhusela ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane ebizwa nge- Neisseria meningitidis . Esi sitofu singadinga ukuba abantu basengozini enkulu yokugula kwe-meningococcal, equka iintsana, abantwana kunye nabantu abadala (ngokukodwa abaya kwikholeji).
- Ukugonywa kwePolio. Isifo sokugonywa kwesifo se-polio asisanikwa rhoqo kwi-United States. Ngokuqhelekileyo kunconywa kuphela kubantu abasengozini yokufumana isifo sengculaza esibangela i-polio ngenxa yokuya kwindawo yehlabathi apho ipoliyo isasaziwa khona.
Ukuphila Ngeentsholongwane Akukhuthazwa Ngona Ufumana I-Biologic Therapy
Uhlobo lwezitofu ezinganyanzelwanga kwizigulane ze-IBD ezifumana imishanguzo ye-biologic yizo eziqulethe ii-virus eziphilayo. Ngokufanelekileyo, ukuba ezi zigulane zifuneka, kufuneka zinikezwe ngaphambi kokuqala unyango nge-biologic. Oku kudinga ukucinga kwangaphambili: amagqirha kunye nezigulane ze-IBD kufuneka zijonge kwiimeko zokugonywa xa zixilongwa okanye ngokukhawuleza emva kokuvavanya nokulungiselela usuku xa isiguli singadinga i-biologic.
- Ukugonya kwe-Chickenpox. Isitofu sokugonya inkukhu sinceda ukukhusela intsholongwane kwi-varicella-zoster virus. Esi sitofu sinikezelwa kubantwana, kwiziko ezimbini. Le yi-LAIV, ngoko kwimiba amaninzi, ayiyi kucetyiswa nakubani na okwangoku othatha i-biologic. Uphando olutsha luchaza ukuba olu gonyo luya kuba lukhuselekile kwizigulane ezifumana unyango lwe-biologic, kodwa ngoku, iingcebiso ziya kuqhubeka zikhusela.
- I-Herpes zoster vaccine . I-herpes yoster virus igangela inkukhu kunye nezinye izimo ezibizwa ngokuba yi- shingles . Abantu abaye banenkukhu bayakhula, bade badlula iminyaka engama-60. I-herpes zoster yokugonya inokuthintela i-shingles malunga nesiqingatha kwaye inokuthintela iingxaki ezingapheliyo ezibangelwa i-herpes zoster virus. Nangona kunjalo, le gonyolo yi-LAIV kwaye ayinakunyanzelwanga kubantu abafumana i-biologic. Olunye uphando olutshanje lubonisa ukuba lukhuselekile, kodwa iingcebiso zangoku ziza kuqhubeka zikhusela.
- Isigulane sokugonywa kwee-Measles-mumps-rubella . Isifo sokugonywa, i-measles, i-mumps, kunye ne-rubella (i-measles yaseJamani). Akukhuthazwa ngabantu abafumana i-biologic kuba yi-LAIV.
ILizwi
I-Immunology iyisayensi eyinkimbinkimbi kwaye iya kuba ngakumbi kubantu abanesifo esingapheli njenge-IBD. Nangona kukho izikhokelo malunga nokuba zeziphi izitofu ezicetyiswayo kubantu abane-IBD abafumana i-biologic, kukho nakwezinye izinto. Kubalulekile ukuba nabani na abane-IBD ukuba bafikelele kwi-vaccines, ngokufanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuqala unyango lwe-biologic, kuba ezi zi yobisi zikhusela isistim somzimba.
Nangona kunjalo, ezininzi izitofu zisenokunika isigulane esithatha i-biologic. Isibalulekileyo kuzo zonke le nto kukuba nencoko evulekileyo malunga nokugonywa ngabaqeqeshi bempilo ngaphambi kokuba iziyobisi ezikhuselekileyo zifunekayo.
> Imithombo:
> Ulwahlulo lwe-Viral Hepatitis. "I-Hepatitis A Imibuzo Neempendulo Zobungcali bezeMpilo." Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. 13 Julayi 2016.
> Ferreira I, Isenberg D. "Iigonya kunye ne-biologics." Ann Rheum Dis. 2014 Aug; 73: 1446-1454.
> Isiko seSizwe soLungiso, ukuThengwa kunye nokuLawula izifo ezithathelwanayo. "UVVV Vaccines: Ukugonya I-Yourteen Preteen or Teen". Isiko soLawulo lweZifo kunye nokuVikela. 26 Jan 2015.
> Isiko likaZwelonke sokuNgcotshwa kunye nezifo zokuphefumula. "I-Meningococcal: Ngubani Ofuna Ukugonywa?" Iziko Zokulawulwa Kwezifo Nokukhusela. 26 Agasti 2016.
> Isiko likaZwelonke sokuNgcotshwa kunye nezifo zokuphefumula. "I-Tetanus (Lockjaw) Ukugonywa: Yiyiphi Umntu Okumele Ayazi." Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. 9 uJanuwari 2013.