Indlu eqhelekileyo yindiza ( m usca domestica ) iyabacaphukisa abantu, kodwa nayo isebenza njengama-transmission vectors kwiintsholongwane zamagciwane, ngamanye amaxesha ngeendlela ezingabonakali ngokukhawuleza.
Iintlobo zeeNtlanzi
Indlu iyabaleka malunga neekota-intshi ubude kwaye ibonisa imivimbo emine eyahlukileyo kwi-thorax yayo, emva kwentloko yayo. Kodwa indlu iyaba enye yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeempukane ezifaka amakhaya kunye nendawo yokulungiselela ukutya.
Ezi ntsholongwane ezindizayo ezibizwa ngezinye iinkcukacha ngokuthi "iimpukane ezihlambulukileyo," ziyahlula zibe ngamaqela amabini.
Izimpukane ezinkulu zibonisa izidumbu ezinamandla, imilenze emfutshane kunye nokutya kumgquba, izilwanyana ezifileyo kunye nokutya kwenkunkuma. Olu hlobo lwesinambuzane luquka iinkukane zendlu kunye neempukane, iimpukane ezizinzile kunye neentlanzi zenyama.
Iintlanzi ezincinci zincinci zinezidumbu ezincinci ezinemilenze ende; banqwenela ukudla ekudakeni i-sludge, ukubola iziqhamo kunye nemifuno kunye nezinye izinto ezilimalayo. Izimpukane zeziqhamo, ukukhupha iimpukane, kunye neenkuni zixhamli ziqhelekileyo zabameli belo hlobo.
Fly Biology
Iintlanzi zeNdlu zingabonwa ngeemigqa ezine ezide zengqondo kumgangatho ophezulu okanye ophakathi. Iindlu zintlanzi azilumi ngamalungu azo. Esikhundleni saloo ndawo, izitho zomlomo zisetyenziselwa ukunyuka utywala.
Iintlanzi zeNdlu ziyakwazi ukutya ukutya okumanzi kuphela. Ukutya ukutya okuqinileyo, i-fly fly kufuneka ibuye i-saliva ekutyeni kwaye ilandele into etyunjweyo ngokusebenzisa i-proboscis. Ngenxa yokuba indlu iqhuma ifuna ukwenza amaninzi amaninzi, idinga amanzi.
Iindwendwe ezincinci zendlu ehamba ngeempukane zishiya emva koko zincinci. Iintlanzi zeNdlu zingaphinda zifake amaqanda kwizinto ezahlukeneyo kuquka i-yard, inkunkuma yezilwanyana kunye nomdaka. I-fly fly ihamba ngamaqanda angama-150 kumthombo wokutya owonayo.
Ujikelezo lobomi bendlu lubaleka ngokuhlala malunga neveki ezintathu.
Indlu iqhuma iphila malunga neeveki ezingama-2.5 kwiimeko ezifudumeleyo, kodwa iyakwazi ukuhlala iinyanga ezilishumi kubanda.
Indlela iifudu ezithumela ngayo izifo
Izimpukane zizalelwe kwindawo yokutya. Indlu iyaba, umzekelo, ubeka amaqanda kwinqwelo okanye kwizilwanyana. Amaqanda ayaqhaqhazela amaqabunga, adle ukutya okubajikelezile. Ama- maggots ekugqibeleni aphendukela kwi-pupae, apho zichaphazela ukuguquka kwabo kokugqibela zibe yi-fly winged fly.
Emva kokuba baqhube ngokupheleleyo, iimpukane ezivuthiweyo ziyaqhubeka zifuna ukutya. Imithombo yazo yokukhetha-ngokuqhelekileyo, eyomileyo kunye neyobunzima yendalo-inokwemvelo iqulethe iibhaktheriya , ezininzi zazo eziyingozi kubantu. Xa i-fly fly, ibuyisela inxalenye yesisu sayo kwisidlo sayo esitsha; isisu sisigca ukutya kwaye i-fly fly.
Ngenxa yokuba izimpukane zidla ilawu, umquba, kunye nezinye izinto eziphathekayo, kwaye ngenxa yokuba zihlahlela isisu esisemgangathweni apho abantu banokuqhagamshelana nabo rhoqo, iidemon ezinamaphiko zinakho ukudlulisa izifo ezingaphezu kwezingama-60, eziquka:
- Umkhuhlane wamanzi
- Isifo segazi
- Ikholera
- Anthrax
- Isifo sofuba
- Neqhenqa
Nangona intlanzi ayidlanga ebusweni abantu baqhagamshelana nabo, i-fly fly yeeyishiyile iqulethe iibhakteria.
Ukulawula iiFly populations
Iingcali zeSebe lika-Penn State of Entomology zincoma iindlela ezine ezihambelana nokulawula abantu abafayo:
- Ucoceko . Ukuphelisa umthombo wokutya onqwenela ukukhwela ngokugcina udoti obhejiweyo okanye kwiibhokhwe. Qhubeka ujikeleza izinto eziphathekayo, kubandakanywa iipompo, ulawulwa kakuhle. Ukuqhekeza ukutya okukhethiweyo kwintlanzi yinyathelo elilodwa elibalulekileyo ongayithatha ukuze uwagcine.
- Ukukhutshwa . Ukugcina iimpukane ngaphandle kwendlu yakho, khangela iindlela zokungena. Qaphela ingqalelo kwizikrini eziphukileyo, izikhala ezijikeleze iipayipi kunye neengcingo, kunye neentshukumo. Iimvumba zendlu, umzekelo, musa ukuhlala uquka isikrini kunye nesimbolo esomeleleyo ngokwaneleyo ukugcina iintsholongwane ezindizayo kwi-attic okanye isikhala.
- Izibambane ezingekho emicimbini . Izixhobo ezinjengeemigibe ezinamathele, izibambo zokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, kunye nezibambo ezindizayo ziza kubamba izimpukane ukuze zingasasazeka.
- Izibamba zeMichiza . Iipraticides eziqulethe i-pyrethroid, eyenziwa ngu-specialist control-control specialist, ziya kuhlala iintsuku eziliqela okanye iveki okanye ezimbini ukuba zisetyenziswe ngaphandle kwendlu yakho. I-Pyrethroids iyakwazi ukukhanya kwelanga kwaye iza kuphuka ngokukhawuleza. Ngaphakathi kwindlu, ungasebenzisa i-aerosol ukuyikhusela ukuze uyifumane. Thatha amanyathelo okunyamekela ukuphepha utyhefu wena okanye izilwanyana zakho ngokugcina i-pesticides kude nokutya kunye nemithombo yamanzi.
> Imithombo:
> Ikholeji yase-Pennsylvania State University of Sciences yezoLimo. Iintlanzi zeNdlu. http://ento.psu.edu/extension/factsheets/house-flies
> Isebe laseMelika lezeMpilo. Iintlanzi zeNdlu kunye nezinye iintlanzi zeeHlathi. http://www.idph.state.il.us/envhealth/pcfilthflies.htm