Ayiyi-measle, kodwa ibangela iingxaki zayo
Akuyiyo imasisi.
Yimizila YesiJamani. Kwakhona kuthiwa yiRubella.
Ukuze udideke, i-Measles ibizwa ngokuba yiRubeola.
Oku kubangela ukudideka. Ezi zintsholongwane zombini zibangelwa ngumkhuhlane kunye neengqombela ezibomvu eziqala ebusweni kwaye zisasazeka.
Iintsholongwane ezihlukeneyo.
Azinxulumene. I-Rubella ibangelwa yintsholongwane kaRubella, eyona nto yintsholongwane kwi- Rubivirus genus kwaye ivela kwintsapho yaseTogaviridae.
Iingxube zibangelwa yi- Morbillivirus kwintsapho yaseParamyxoviridae .
Iintsholongwane zenza izifo ezahlukileyo. Kodwa kunjalo zombini kwi-MMR yokugonya - emele iM-easles, i-M-umps, kunye no-R-ubella (kunye nokugonya kwe-MMRV okubandakanya i-Varicella, okanye i-Chickenpox). Njengamazinga okugonywa ahlaselwa kumasisi, ahlahla ngokukodwa kwi-rubella. Ukuqubuka kwemasisi kungalandelwa ukuqubuka kweerubella.
Kuhamba
Izilwanyana zaseJamani zibonakala zigqitywe ukusuka eMntla naseMzantsi Melika. Ngo-2015, kwaziswe ngamagosa ezempilo ukuba akukho nto ivela eNtshona Koloni. Iimeko ezibonakalayo kuphela ezivela kwimpahla evela ngaphandle kweNkcubeko. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-Agasti 2015 ityala lafunyanwa eTexas elibonakala lifakiwe. Akukho tshintsho oluthe lwabakho lwabonakala.
Yiyiphi iRubella efana nayo
I-Rubella ibangela ukugqithisa ngeendawo ezincinci, ezinokubomvu okanye ezipinki, eziqala ebusweni kwaye zisasazeka.
Yibangela umkhuhlane kunye nokukhwehlela, impumlo ye-runny. Abaninzi banezigulane ezivuvukalayo entanyeni nasentloko, ezinokuhlala kwiiveki ezimbalwa, emva kokuba ezinye iimpawu ziyeke. Ezi zithofu ezivuyiweyo zilandele indlebe (i-post auricular), emva kwelandelayo (emva komlomo wesibeleko), nangemva kunye nesiseko senhloko (occipital).
Abantu abaninzi abadala banamalungu amaninzi.
Indlela uRubella aphathwa ngayo
I-Rubella isoloko isifo esibi kakhulu kunesisulu. Uninzi luba ngcono kwiintsuku ezi-7 ukuya kwezi-10. Akukho nonyango oluthile oluphilisa urubella. Kunoko, ukunakekelwa kuhloselwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntu uvakalelwa kakuhle.
Nangona kukho ukugula okunzima, kukho ezinye iingxaki ezibalulekileyo ezinokuba nzima kakhulu.
Indlela uRubella esasazeka ngayo
I-Rubella isasazeka ngamanzi. Ezi zinokusasazeka ngokukhwehlela okanye ukucima-okanye ukuthetha kunye nokuphefumla. Ngenxa yokuba ukusasazwa yi-droplet, iRubella ayifana nokusuleleka njengeMishu, ejikelezayo. I-Rubella inokusasazeka kwimeko ethile ukudala ama-5 amatyala amatsha (iMasles ingabangela i-12-18).
Emva kokuvelela, kuza kuba neveki ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu ziphuhlise - ngokuqhelekileyo iiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3.
Abantu basasazeka phambi kokuba baneempawu. Omnye unokusasaza isifo ngeveki ngaphambi kokuba bazi ukuba bayagula. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu basasazeka ngeveki ngaphambi kokugqithiselwa de kube ngeveki emva kokugqithisa.
Iingxaki zeRubella
Usuleleko lubangela iimpawu ezimbalwa kulabo abaselula. Abo ba badala, ingakumbi abasetyhini, banokujamelana nemingeni emininzi. Kuze kube ku-70% yabasetyhini abadala abanesifo abanokusuleleka baba namaqhinga abuhlungu avela eRubella, ngelixa abantwana bengenakuyenza.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-rubella inokuchaphazela ukukhulelwa. Ngelishwa nje ukuba iimeko ze-rubella ziphosa, abo abangenasigxina baqala ukuhlangana no-rubella ngexesha lobudala. Oku kunokubakhokelela ekubeni banomngcipheko ophezulu kunoma ziphi izifo-ezinokuthi zenzeke-zenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
URubella ekukhulelweni.
I-Rubella kwi-trimester yokuqala, iiveki ezingama-20 zokukhulelwa, ingaba lukhulu kakhulu. Iintsana ezizalwe ngunina obenobumba obunobumba ngaphambi kokukhulelwa zinokujamelana neengxaki ezininzi. Bangakwazi ukuba neengxaki zamehlo (izibilini), izithulu, iingxaki zentliziyo kunye nomonakalo wengqondo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiChanital Rubella Syndrome
Izifo Ukupheliswa
I-Rubella yachithwa e-US ngo-2004. Nangona kunjalo, kuba ukusuleleka kwenzeka emhlabeni wonke, kunokuhlala kutshalwa kwakhona kwaye kuthintela abo bangagonywanga. Iziganeko ezingama-4000 zenzeke e-UK ngasekupheleni kuka-1996. Unyaka ngamnye ucingelwa emhlabeni jikelele ukuba abantu abayi-100 000 bazalwa ngo-Congenital Rubella Syndrome.
Njengoko i-MMR yokugonywa kwamazinga ahla, oku kuthetha ukuba kukho iimeko ezininzi zokukhubazeka kwabazali kwiintsana ezincinci.