I-Chickenpox yintsholongwane yentsholongwane, oko kuthetha ukuba kubangelwa yi-virus ethile eyenza lula ukususela kumntu ukuya kumntu. Ndiyabulela kwisitofu esipheleleyo sokukhusela inkukhu , ukugula kuye kwanda kakhulu kwi-United States nakwamanye amazwe athuthukileyo. Abantu abancinci nabasemdala basagula ngeenkukhu, nangona kunjalo, kunye nezinye zazo, isifo singakhokelela kwiimeko ezinzima.
Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuba inkukhu ikhuphe, ngubani osemngciphekweni wokuhla kunye nayo, kwaye unokuzikhusela njani ukuba uyabonakala.
I Virus
Igama lonyango lentsholongwane elibangela ukuba inkukhupopu i-varicella yoster virus (ngamanye amaxesha ibhekiswe oogqirha nabaphandi njengeVZV). I-Varicella yintsholongwane ye-herpes, ibekwa kwintsapho efanayo kunye nezidalwa ezibangelwa izifo ezifana ne-herpes zomzimba kunye nezilonda ezibandayo okanye i-fever blisters.
I-VXV nayo yintsholongwane ebangela ukuba imeko yesikhumba ebuhlungu kakhulu ibizwa ngokuba yi-shingles. Ngokungafani nezinye iintsholongwane, emva kokugqithiswa kwenkukhu, i-virus ye-varicella ixhomekeke kwiinkqubo zesifo kunokuba ilahleke emzimbeni. Iingqungquthela zikhula kubantu abadala asebekhulile njengengane xa intsholongwane ibangelwa ukuba iphinde ikhuthele kwakhona.
I-Varicella yintsholongwane yabantu kuphela, oku kuthetha ukuba awukwazi ukufumana inkukhu enkomo, okanye wenze ukuba inja yakho okanye ikati igule ukuba ugula.
Oku kuhle ukukwazi kuba ezinye izifo ezibangelwa ukugqithisa, ezinjengeenkomo, zingadluliselwa phakathi kwabantu nezilwanyana.
Iintsholongwane ezifana ne-varicella zenza abantu bagula ngokufaka iiseli eziphilileyo kwaye bazisebenzise ukuba zandise, ngoko xa isistim somzimba sogonywa ngumzimba sibona ubukho bentsholongwane emzimbeni, sikhohlela kwisenzo, sikhuphe iimpawu ezingenakuvuyisa kodwa zenzelwe ukulwa ukhuseleko.
Ucwaningo lufumene, umzekelo, ukuba umkhuhlane unceda ukukhusela isistim somzimba. Enyanisweni, imfiva kunye nezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokubanda kunye nomkhuhlane zivame ukubonakalisa ngaphambi kokugqithisa xa umntu ehla kunye nenkukhu. Oku kunjalo ngokukodwa kubantu abadala, ngokubhekiselele kumaziko okuLawula nokuLawula (CDC). Ngoko, nangona i-virus ethile iyimbangela yentsholongwane yenkukhu, iimpawu zenziwa ngendlela ekhethekileyo yenkqubo yokuzivikela yintsholongwane.
Izinto zobungozi
Ngaphambi kokuba i-varicella ipopu ibe yinto ehleliweyo yenkqubo yokugonywa kwabantwana, inkukhu yayiqhelekileyo kwiintsana. Kwaye ke, ngokuqinisekileyo, into eyingozi enkulu yokufumana inkukhu yayiyinkwenkwe engaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-15.
- Ukungagonywanga: Ukuba udibene no-VZV ukuba awuzange ugonywe awuyikuqinisekisa ukuba uya kugula, kodwa umngcipheko uphakamileyo: I-CDC ithi malunga neepesenti ezingama-90 zabantu abangenasigxina abadibana nentsholongwane baya ukuphefumula ngokugula. Ukufumana i-vaccine ye-doicella ye-varicella iphumelele kakhulu: Ngokutsho kweCDC, emva kokudubula kokuqala, ukugonya ku-85% kwindlela yokukhusela ulwasulelo lwe-varicella. Emva kokubakho amayeza, i-vaccine i-98 ekhulwini ephumelelayo ekukhuseleni i-varicella.
- Ungalokothi ube nenkukhu: Xa sele unomkhuhlane, umzimba wakho uza kuhlakulela impilo yonke, ukuze udibaniso oluchanekileyo kunye ne-virus ye-varicella alinakukugula. Kodwa ukuba awuzange ube nenkukhu, usengozini enkulu yokugula xa uhlala nabanye abantu abanegulane. Kwakhona, intsholongwane isasazeka ngokukhawuleza, ngokukodwa kwikota yokufutshane. Iingcaka ezingavumelekanga zengozini eyongezelelweyo yenkukhu xa ihamba esikolweni okanye kwinqanaba lokunakekela abantwana, njengotitshala kunye nabanye abantu abadala abangazange bagonywe okanye banokugula, umzekelo.
Ezixhalabelekileyo
Uninzi lwabantu abafumana inkukhu, ikakhulukazi abantwana, bayagula ixesha elifutshane (malunga neveki) kwaye bafumane ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kweempembelelo.
Kodwa kukho abanye ababenomngcipheko ophezulu wokuxakeka. Ziquka:
Abadala
Abantu abafumana inkukhu yokuqala xa bekhulile banokuthi babe nempawu ezinzima kwaye, ngokweSiseko seSizwe seZifo ezithathelwanayo (i-NFID), "abadala banokuba baninzi amathuba okuba abantwana bafe okanye baneengxaki ezinzulu xa befumana inkukhu."
Abantu abaneeNkqubo zoVimba eziManyeneyo
Oku kungabandakanya abantwana abane-leukemia okanye i-lymphoma; nabani na abane-disorder system system; kunye nabantu abathabatha imithi eyaziwayo ukukhusela isistim somzimba, njenge-systemic steroids okanye iziyobisi zamachiza.
Iintsana eziza kubakho ama-Mothers abachaphazelekayo nge-Varicella Virus
Ngokufanayo, ezinye iintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha ezichazwe kwi-varicella okanye i-herpes zoster naphi na phakathi kweentsuku ezintlanu ngaphambi kokuba zizalwe iintsuku ezimbini emva kokuzalwa zibangelwa ingozi enkulu yeengxaki ezibangelwa sulelo. Ngokukodwa, ngokweCDC, ezi ziquka:
- Izilwanyana ezibhedlele ezibhedlele ezizalwe kwiiveki ezingama-28 okanye kamva oomama abanakho igciwane kwi-virus ye-varicella
- Izibhedlele eziseza kuqala zizalelwe ngaphambi okanye emva kweiveki ezingama-28 okanye ezilinganisa iipiliyoni ezingama-2.2 okanye ngaphantsi kokuzalwa kungakhathaliseki ukuba zikhuselekile
Abafazi abakhulelweyo abangenawo Umlando we-Chickenpox okanye i-Vaccination
Umngcipheko apha kubantwana abangakazalwa. I-NFID ithi umntwana ozelwe ngumfazi ofumana inkukhu ngexesha lokuqala kweeveki ezingama-20 zokukhulelwa unelithuba eli-100 lokuvelisa iziphene ezinzulu zokuzalwa ezivela kwiincinci okanye imilenze emfutshane. i-cataracts; ubungakanani bentloko encinci; nophuhliso lobuchopho obungavamile; kunye nokulinda kwengqondo.
> Imithombo:
> Amasebe okuLawula nokuVimbela (iCCDC). "I-Chickenpox (Varicella): Uqwalaselo lweKliniki." Julayi 1, 2016.
> CDC. "I-Varicella Vaccine ukusebenza kunye nexesha loKhuselo." Agasti 30, 2012.
> ISiseko seSizwe soGawulayo. "Iimpawu malunga ne-Chickenpox kubantu abadala." Jan 2012.
> I-Pergam, i-SA, i-Limaye, i-AP, kunye ne-AST yoLuntu oluSebenzayo lwezifo zoLuntu. "Varicella Zoster Virus". Dec 2009; 9 (iSondlo 4): S108- # 115. INGXELO: 10.1111 / j.1600-6143.2009.02901.x.
> IYunivesithi yaseFlorida Impilo. "Imifudu ingaba luncedo." NgoMatshi 12, 2012.