I-aortic eneurysms ziphuhliswa xa indawo ebuthakathaka eyenzeka eludongeni lwesitya segazi. Ngelixa i-aneurysms inokuvela kuyo nayiphi na imitha emzimbeni, i-aorta ibonakala ibe neenvermsms kunezinye iinqanawa.
Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba intliziyo igxotha igazi ngokuthe ngqo kwi-aorta, ngoko lo mzobo uphantsi kweengcinezelo eziphezulu kunye noxinzelelo olungaphezulu kunezinye iirriyiti.
Ngoko ke, ukuba udonga lwe-aorta lubuthathaka ngenxa yesiphi na isizathu, i-aneurysm iyakwenzeka ngokukodwa.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo
Amathambo amaninzi angenza inxalenye yodonga lwe-aorti ibe buthathaka, ekhokelela ekwakheni i-aneurysm.
Atherosclerosis
I-atherosclerosis idibanisene kakhulu nokuphuhliswa kweesilini ze-aortic zesisu, nangona kusekho ukuphikisana malunga nokuba ngaba yinto ebangele ngqo.
Kwimeko nayiphi na into, izinto ezinobungozi kwi-aortic aneurysms zifana nezo-atherosclerosis, kwaye uthathe amanyathelo okukhusela omnye unceda ukukhusela omnye.
Iinguqu eziguqukayo
I-aortic eneurysms, ngakumbi i-aortic aneurysms ezinama-thoracic, zingabangela ukuguqulwa kokuguqulwa kwindonga ye-aorta. Olu tshintsho olwenziwe kakubi lubangelwa yizinto ezingaqhelekanga kwi-biology eludongeni lwesitya kwaye zihlala zibonakaliswa zizilonda ezinjenge-cyst kumqolo wecala (oko kukuthi, umgca ophakathi) wodonga.
Le ntshukumo ye-cystic edlulileyo iyanciphisa udonga lwe-aortic kwaye ikhuthaza ukubunjwa kwe-aneurysm. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwexesha eliphakathi kweCystic ngokuqhelekileyo kudibaniswa nokuguga, kodwa kubonakala nakwabanye abantu abatsha, mhlawumbi ngenxa yezinto eziza kuzalwa.
Kwimeko yomntu onesifo esiphezulu se-cystic, i- hypertension yanda kakhulu imeko kwaye yenza i-aneurysms ezinokukhula ngokukhawuleza.
Ama-aneurysms amaTrarac aqhelekileyo abangelwa yizinto ezingenayo i-atherosclerotic. Ngokwahlukileyo, ii-aneorysms zesisu ezisiswini esisondeleyo zidibana ne-atherosclerosis.
Genetics
Iimeko ezithile ezichazwe kakuhle, ngakumbi i- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome , i- Marfan syndrome , kunye ne-Turner syndrome, ibangela ukuba buthathaka kwodonga lwe-aorta kunye nokubunjwa kwe-aneurysm, ngokukodwa kubandakanya i-aorta ye-thoracic. Ukongezelela, ezinye iindidi, iziganeko zesafuzo ezichanekileyo ezichanekileyo zichongiwe nazo zivelisa umngcipheko omkhulu we-aortic aneurysms.
Emininzi yale miyezo yemfuza iya kuchongwa lonke ixesha. Ngenxa yoko, i-aortic aneurysms-ngakumbi i-aortic aneurysms-i-thoracic aneurysms-ibonakala iqhutyelwa kwiintsapho, nangona kungekho nhlobo yezinto ezingafaniyo zesifo esingaziwa.
Izifo ezivuthayo
Ezinye izifo ezivuthayo zibangelwa ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi kwaye zikhokelela kwi-aneurysms ye-aorta kunye nezinye iirriyiti. Eyona nto iyaziwayo kwezi ziyi-Takterasu ye-arteritis kunye ne-giant cell arteritis.
I-aortic eneurysms nazo zixhaphake kubantu abanezinye izifo ezingapheliyo, ezifana ne- rheumatoid arthritis kunye ne- spondylitis e-ankylosing .
Izifo
Ezinye izifo ezingena kwigazi zingenza buthathaka udonga lwe-aorta, ukukhuthaza ukubunjwa kwe-aneurysm.
Xa i-aneurysm ibangelwa yintsholongwane, isakhiwo sayo sinokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, ngokuphambene nokuqhelanisa okuqhelekileyo, ukukhula kwexesha elide lwe-aortic aneurysms ezivela kwezinye izizathu.
Izifo ezinokuvelisa i-aortic aneurysms ziquka i- syphilis , i- salmonella , okanye i- endocarditis echaphazelekayo .
I-Traumatic Blunt
Isifuba esiqhekezayo okanye isifo esiswini, esinokuthi senzeke ngengozi yemoto, singonakalisa udonga lwe-aorta kwaye kukhokelela kwi-aortic aneurysm.
Izinto zobungozi
Eminye imingcipheko kunye nokukhetha kwendlela yokuphila kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yokuphuhlisa i-aortic aneurysm. Uninzi lwezi zinto zengozi zifana neziganeko zobungozi be-atherosclerosis.
Ezi zinto zibeka ingozi:
- U xinzelelo
- Ubudala
- Ngokwesini
- Ukutshaya
- I- cholesterol ephakamileyo kunye ne-triglycerides
- Indlela yokuphila
- Ukunyanya
Ukongezelela, ezinye izinto ezininzi zibalulekile ekuqaliseni umngcipheko weesortic aneurysms, kubandakanywa:
- Imbali edlulileyo ye-aneurysms yamagciwane kwezinye iinqanawa zegazi.
- Imbali yentsapho ye-aneurysms-ingakumbi kwiintsapho eziye zaboniswa ukuba zineenkcukacha ezithile zohlobo lweemvelo ezinesineurysms.
- I-valorpid aortic valve .
- Imbali yesifo esingapheliyo sesifo.
Izinto zobungozi zokukhutshwa
Kubantu abaye bafumanisa ukuba bane-aneurysm ye-aortic, kubalulekile ukunyamekela ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba i-aneurysm ingaphuka. Ukuba ingozi yokuphuka iphakamileyo, ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambili kufuneka kuqwalaselwe. Olu mngcipheko lugqitywe ngamanani amaninzi.
Ubukhulu kunye nomlinganiselo wokuKhula
Naliphi na i-aneurysm ye-aorti inokuthi ikhuphe, kodwa umngcipheko uphantsi kwi-aneurysms ezincinci kunye nokukhula kancinci.
Kwi-aneurysms ezinkulu, okanye kwi-aneurysms ezisezona zincinci kodwa zikhula ngokukhawuleza, umngcipheko wokuphuka uya kuba phezulu. Ukongezelela, ikhulu le-aneurysm, ikhula ngokukhawuleza-kwaye yongezwa ngakumbi ingozi yokuphuka.
Indlela efanelekileyo yokucinga ngale nto kukuqwalasela ukuqhuma ibhaluni. Xa uqala ukuvuthela ibhaluni, kunzima ukuba uqalise. Kodwa xa ukwandisa ibhaluni, kulula ukuba yenze kube nzima. Ekugqibeleni, ukuba uyiphosa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, i-pops.
I-aneurysm ibonisa ukuziphatha okufanayo. Kwiinerurmsms ezincinci, iipropati zodonga lwesitya zithintela ukuxhatshazwa. Kodwa njengoko i-aneurysm ikhula ngokukhawuleza, ukunciphisa udonga kunciphise, kwaye i-aneurysm iya kwanda ngokulula-ukuya kwindawo yokuphuka.
Ngenxa yoko, nabani na ofunyaniswe ukuba ne-aortic aneurysm, nangona i-aneurysm encinci, kufuneka ilandelwe ngokucophelela. Ukuba i-aneurysm iba enkulu okanye ibonisa iimpawu zokukhula ngokukhawuleza, lixesha lokuqwalasela ngokucokisekileyo ukulungiswa kocwangco.
Iimpawu
Amancinci aortic akhula ngokukhawuleza akhuphe avelise iimpawu. Ngoko ke, ukuba iimpawu zenzeka ukuba zibangelwa yi-aortic aneurysm, oko kubonisa ukuba ukuphuka kuya kuba nzima.
Okunye
Eminye imingcipheko eyenza ukuphuka kubenokuthi ifake iimeko ezifanayo zengozi ye-atherosclerosis ebhalwe ngaphambili. Ngoko ke, nabani na oye wafumanisa ukuba une-aneurysm ye-aortic, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza iinguqu zokuphila eziyimfuneko ukunciphisa umngcipheko.
Kwimiba yokuphila ephakamisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwe-aortic, ukutshaya yingozi kakhulu-abantu abane-aortic aneurysm ababhemayo banomngcipheko omkhulu wokufa nokufa. Kubalulekile ukuba nabani na onesi-aneorysm bayeke ukutshaya .
> Imithombo:
> Geisbüsch S, Stefanovic A, Schray D, Et Al. Isifundo Sokufuna Ukukhula nokuKhuselwa Kwengozi Kwamazinga Amancinci Okwenyukayo aphezulu Aortic Aneurysms. UJ Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014; 147: 68.
> Kuzmik Ga, Sang Ax, Elefteriades Ja. Imbali Yendalo Yee-Thoracic Aneormsms. J Vasc Surg 2012; 56: 565.
> Lo Rc, uLu B, iFokkema Mt, kunye no-Al. Ukubaluleka kobudlelwane be-Aneurysm Diameter Nobunzima beQumrhu Ukuqikelela ukunyuka kwe-Aortic Aneurysm esiswini Kwabesilisa Nabasetyhini. J Vasc Surg 2014; 59: 1209.
> Ukumnandi Mj, Thompson Sg, Brown Lc, Et Al. I-Meta-Uhlalutyo Lwabantu Abagulayo Ngomntu ngamnye Ukuhlolisisa Izinto ezichaphazela ukuKhula kunye nokuPhulwa kweMigangatho ye-Aortic Aneurysms. Br J Surg 2012; 99: 655.
> Yiu Rs, Cheng Sw. Imbali Yendalo kunye Nezinto Ezijongene Nobungozi Ukuphakanyiswa Kwee-Thoracic Aortic Arch Aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 2016; 63: 1189.