Ukufumana iimpendulo kwimibuzo engama-10 ebuzwa ngokuqhelekileyo ngomhlaza wesifuba, ndabuza uDkt. William Gradishar, oncologist eFiinberg School Medicine kwiYunivesithi yaseNorthwestern e Chicago. Uthetha neengxaki malunga nezizathu ezinokubangela umdlavuza webele kwaye unike ngolwazi malunga nophatho.
Umbuzo: Ngaba ukusebenzisa iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa kubangela umdlavuza webele?
A: Kubonakala ngathi akukho ukunyuka okucacileyo phakathi kokusetyenziswa kweepilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa nokunyusa ingozi yomhlaza webele. Nangona ukulawulwa kweepilisi kuqulethe i-hormone ezithile, izixa zincinci. Njengokuba ngamnye umfazi kunye neengxaki zomhlaza wesifuba ziyahluke, abafazi bafanele bathethe noogqirha babo malunga neengozi zabo zomhlaza wesibeleko .
Umbuzo: Unokutya ukutya okuthile kunokubangela umdlavuza webele?
A: Izifundo ezininzi ezininzi zikhangele ikhonkco phakathi kokutya kunye nomhlaza webele . Kuza kubekho udityaniswe phakathi kokutya kunye nomhlaza wesifuba. Izifundo ezimbalwa zifumene unxibelelwano olunokwenzeka phakathi komhlaza nesifo somhlaza, kodwa uphando olongezelelweyo kufuneka luzaliswe. Njengomgaqo jikelele wesitopu, umkhwa ophezulu kukutya ukutya okunomsococekileyo kwiiprotheyini ezinamaqatha, iintlobo ezipheleleyo kunye neziqhamo kunye nemifuno. Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, nceda uxoxe nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale naluphi na uhlobo lokutya okanye isondlo.
Umbuzo: Ngaba bonke abachasayo banobangela umdlavuza webele?
I-A: Abachasayo ababonakalisi babangelwa ngumhlaza wesibele. Iindlebe zamva ziye zazisasazela ukuba umzimba ufuna ukucoca i-toxin ngokukrola nge-armpits kwaye ukuba xa kusetshenziswe i-antiperspirant, umzimba uya kugcina ezo zixhepha kwi-lymph nodes engezantsi kwengalo, ebangela umdlavuza webele. Ezi zibango azinyani; umzimba awuyikukhupha i-toxins nge-sweat sweat. Ingubo efunyenwe kwingingqi ye-underarm yenziwe ngamanzi angama-99.9%, i-sodium, i-potassium kunye ne-magnesium.
Umbuzo: Ngaba unokulimaza kweso sam sokuba ngumhlaza webele?
A: Ukulimala kwibele akubangela umdlavuza webele. Kwezinye iimeko, isifuba sinokuphazamiseka emva kokulimala kwaye, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukuvelisa umtya ongenomdlavuza obizwa ngokuba yi-fat necrosis . I-fat necrosis ayingozi, yaye iimpawu zihlala ziphela phantsi kwenyanga. Ukuba unomlenze esiswini sakho kwaye uxhalabele ukuba ingaba ngumhlaza wesifuba, qhagamshelana nodokotela wakho ngokukhawuleza.
Umbuzo: Ngaba ukugqoka i-underwire bras kubangela umdlavuza webele?
A: Ukugqoka ibhondi ye-underwire akuyi kubangela umdlavuza webele. Incwadi ethandwayo epapashwe ngo-1995 icetyise ukuba ngaphantsi kwebras ibhodlo le-lymph node yomzimba, ebangela umdlavuza webele. Eli bango alichanekanga. Akukho zifundo zifumene unxibelelwano phakathi kweengubo zangaphantsi kunye nomhlaza wesibele.
Umbuzo: Ngaba izilwanyana zenza umdlavuza webele?
A: Hayi, izilwanyana azibangelwa ngumhlaza wesibele. Enyanisweni, i-American Cancer Society incoma ukuba abafazi abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 okanye 44 ubudala banama-mammogram ngamnye unyaka ukuya kutsho iminyaka engama-55, ngoko yonke iminyaka emibili.
Amammograms asebenzisa amanqanaba aphantsi emisebe emimiselo ezimisele ukukhuseleka yi-American College of Radiology. Amammograms iyisisombululo esihle kakhulu sokufumanisa umdlavuza webele ngexesha lokuqala, kwaye ukufumanisa kwangaphambili kubalulekile ekunciphiseni inani labasetyhini abaphuhlisa isigaba IV, esibizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza wesibeletho se-metastatic . Njengokuba ngamnye umfazi kunye neengxaki zomhlaza wesifuba ziyahluke, abafazi bafanele bathethe noogqirha babo malunga neengozi zabo zomhlaza wesibeleko. Kwezinye iimeko, abafazi abanomngcipheko ophezulu wesifo somhlaza wesibeleko kufuneka babe ne-mammogram ngaphambi kokuba baneminyaka engama-40.
Umbuzo: Ukuba ndinayo amabele e-fibrocystic, ngaba ndiyingozi enkulu yomdlavuza webele?
I-A: malunga ne-50 ekhulwini yabasetyhini baya kuchatshazelwa ngesimo sebele se-fibrocystic ngexesha elithile ebomini babo. Izibeleko ze-Fibrocystic ziqhelekileyo kwaye aziyi-cancer. Izibeleko ze-Fibrocystic azikho umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza webele. Benza ukufunyanwa ngokucatshulwa okuqhelekileyo kunye neendlela zokuvavanya kunzima, kodwa akunakwenzeka.
Umbuzo: Ngaba utyando lokususa ibele lubangela ukuba umdlavuza usasaze?
A: Xa isifo somhlaza wesifuba sisasazeka, kuthiwa uye wahlaziywa. Akukho mntu owaziyo obangela ukuba umdlavuza webele ulungelelaniswe, kodwa akukho nxu lumano phakathi kokususwa kwebele kunye nokusabalala komhlaza wesifuba.
Umdlavuza webele we-Metastatic ngowona nqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu lomhlaza wesifuba. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezikhoyo namhlanje kubasetyhini abanesi sifo - kuquka i-chemotherapy, unyango lwe-endocrine kunye neyeza elijoliswe kuyo-oluqhubeka nokudlala indima ephambili ekhatyweni komhlaza wesisu se-metastatic. Kubalulekile ukuba abafazi abanesi sifo bathethe noogqirha babo malunga neendlela zabo zokonyango.
Umbuzo: Ingaba umdlavuza webele usichaphazela kuphela abesetyhini abasemsebenzini?
A: Hayi, abafazi beeminyaka yonke banokuvelisa umdlavuza webele. Umngcipheko wesifazana wokuba nomhlaza wesifuba unyuke njengoko uneminyaka engama-40 ubudala, okwenza kubalulekile kubo bonke abafazi abangama-40 nangaphezulu ukuba babe ne-mammogram yonyaka. I-American Cancer Society ithi i-self-exams i-breast-exams ikhethwa ngabasetyhini abangaphezu kwe-20, kodwa ikhuthaza ukuba abafazi baqhelane nendlela amabele abo abajonga ngayo kwaye bazive ngayo. Abasetyhini baxelele nayiphi na isifuba esitsha sitshintsha ugqirha wabo ngokukhawuleza xa zifunyenwe. Ukufumanisa kwangaphambili kubalulekile ekunyuseni ukwanda kunye nokunciphisa amathuba omdlavuza wokusabalalisa (ukusasazeka).
Umbuzo: Ngaba ndingakwazi ukufumana umdlavuza webele xa engagqibekanga kwintsapho yam?
A: Intsapho yengxelo yomhlaza webele ikhuthaza ingozi; nangona kunjalo, ngaphezu kwama-80% wabasetyhini abafumana ukuba banomdlavuza wesibeleko abanalo ingozi ebonakalayo yomhlaza wesifuba, njengembali yentsapho.
UWilliam Gradishar, MD
UWilliam Gradishar, MD unguProfesa wezokwelapha kwicandelo le-hematology kunye ne-oncology yezokwelapha kwi-Feinberg School of Medicine kwiYunivesithi yaseNorthwestern e Chicago. Uyilungu leRobert H. Lurie Isikhungo seCancer Comprehensive Comprehensive of University of Northwestern University kwaye uye wanikela umsebenzi wakhe wobomi ekufumaneni unyango olutsha kunye olungcono kumhlaza wesisu. Usebenze kunye nemibutho karhulumente kunye nokukhuthaza ukuzisa umdlavuza webele kwiphambili ukuze abafazi kunye neentsapho ezijongene nesi sifo banokufumana inkxaso abayidingayo namhlanje kwaye bajonge phambili kwisithembiso sekusasa.
Imithombo:
American Cancer Society. Iingcebiso ze-American Cancer Society zokufumana umdlavuza webele wamabele ekuqaleni kwabasetyhini abangenazo iimpawu zebele. Ukuhlaziywa 10/20/15. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/breastcancer/moreinformation/breastcancerearlydetection/breast-cancer-early-detection-acs-recs
American Cancer Society. Abachasayo / abachithwayo kunye neCanscer Breast. Ukuhlaziywa 01/04/08. http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/myths/antiperspirants-fact-sheet