Ukuba ufuna ukufunda indlela yokufunda imilomo - umzekelo, ukuba ulahlekelwe ngokukhawuleza kwintetho - unokufuna ukuqeqeshwa komntu ekufundeni okanye uvumelekile ukuba uguqule kwisofthiwe yokuthengisa i-lipreading software. Nantsi ingqwalasela yezinye iiprogram zokufunda eziphambili:
I-sensimetrics ivelisa inkqubo yokubona nokuva. Inkampani ikhuthaza isofthiwe yayo njengoko ifanelekileyo kumyalelo wobugcisa, okanye ngokuzimelela ngokuzimeleyo.
Ukunceda abantu bafunde ukufunda imilomo, isofthiwe isinika indawo ehlukeneyo yokufunda ezintathu: kunye nangaphandle kwezwi okanye ezibonwayo. Abafundi bafundiswa nendlela yokuchonga amagama apho ugxininiswe kwintetho. Le nkqubo iququzelela intetho kwiindidi ezine: iilwimi, izononongo, uxinzelelo, kunye nokuqhagamshelana kwansuku zonke. Ukuqhubela phambili ukuphucula ukufunda, abasebenzisi banokulawula isantya senkulumo kwisikrini. Ekubeni ukufundwa ngokuphambuka kunokuba ngumngeni kwingxolo yesiqhelo, abasebenzisi bangaqeqesha ukuba baqonde intetho kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomsindo, ezifana nezithuthi. Xa beziva bekulungele, abafundi bavavanya ngokwabo, kwaye bagcine iziphumo zabo zokuvavanya.
Ukuva iMibono yile nkampani yesoftware ye-software. Imveliso yabo "Ndiyabona Oko Utshoyo." Inkcazo kwiwebhusayithi yazo ithi loo mveliso iza kunceda abantu bafunde ukufunda imilebe xa kukho amagama okanye amagama athetha. Iindawo ezihlukeneyo zinikwe ukufunda.
Isayithi inezithombe ezibonisa imeko ecelomngeni apho umlomo womntu unesimo esinzima sokufunda, njengokubetha umlomo okanye ukuvula umlomo kakhulu. Kwi-YouTube, inkampani i-HearingVisions1, kwaye inika isampuli ividiyo.
Ugqirha nomphandi e-Australia, uDkt Mary Allen, wavelisa yakhe inkqubo.
UDkt. Allen wenze inzululwazi ngokupasa ngokuxhaswa ngeekhompyutha. Njengomphumo wophando lwakhe, wavelisa inkqubo yeprogram ye-self-instruction. Uchaza ukuba le software ivivinywe ngabantu abadala abangama-38 abavalelwa emva kwexesha ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwayo. Ukongezelela, uphinde unikeze ngevidiyo yokhuphiswano oluphambili lokubhala. Ezinye iimveliso zakhe ziquka iphakheji yama-33 amakhadi wesithombe ebonisa izandi zentetho njengezikhalazo kunye neendononongo kunye neposta yazo zonke iikhadi lamashishini.
I-Lipreader yinkqubo efumaneka kwi-United Kingdom ngokusebenzisa inkampani uDavide Smith Software. Iproofthiwe isebenzisa indlela ephunyeziweyo, ngokuqala ngeencwadi kunye nezandi kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwizivakalisi ezipheleleyo. Abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukulawula isivinini senkulumo. Iprogram ibonisa i-mouthshapes yee-vowels kunye neentononti kwaye inemimoya yokuphela kwendlela yokusebenzisa abasebenzisi ukuba bafunde ulwimi lwezandla lwaseBrithani i-alfabhethi kulezi zikhalazi ezifanayo kunye nezikhononongo. Iimodyuli zokufunda ezongezelelweyo ziquka ukubuza imibuzo kunye nezimpendulo, iindatshana ezipheleleyo, kunye nemodeli yokuqhathaniswa yokufunda ulwahluko phakathi kwamagama afanayo. (Ngaba unokwazi umahluko phakathi kwe "d" kunye ne "z" ngokuphinda uphawule kuphela?) Ukuze wenze ukufunda kube mnandi, le nkqubo inayo ipuzzle kwaye ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bangeze amagama abo, izivakalisi kunye neendinyana.
Umdali weprogram, uDavid Smith, unesi sifo sikaMeneere , esinokubangela ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe.
I-Speechreading Laboratory, Inc. ivelisa inkqubo yokufunda i-Lip Lips. Umdali nguRobert L. Russell, Ph.D. Esikhundleni seleta, inkqubo iyaqala ngamagama ngaphambi kokuqhubela phambili kwizivakalisi nakwiibinzana. Akukho sandi kuba abadali bakholelwa ukuba ukukhutshwa kwesandi kuya kubaphoqa abafundi ukuba bafunde bhetele; Kunoko, abantu bazama ukuqiqa oko kutshiwo ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo iphendule impendulo ngegama- magama . Abafundi bazama ukuzama ukuqonda abantu abangaba ngu-40 babo bonke ubudala, kubandakanywa namadoda aneemayinwa (kunzima kakhulu ukuphinda ufunde umntu onamadevu).
Le nkqubo iquka ukufundwa kweefayili kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokutya kwitheyibhile.
Abadala abadala kunye nabaselula
Kuphumelela kangakanani ukufunda ukufunda imilomo usebenzisa isofthiwe? Inokuxhomekeka kwiminyaka yomfundi ofundayo. Abaphandi eYunivesithi yaseWashington bafuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubuchule bokubhala ngokubonakalayo bunqabile. Bavavanya amandla okufunda ngokubhala abantu abadala abangama-43 (abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20) kunye nabantu abangama-38 abadala (iminyaka engama-76 ubudala). Abafundi abathathi-nxaxheba babefanele babukele, ngaphandle kwesandi, isithethi sesetyhini sithetha izivakalisi. Emva koko kwafuneka bakhethe (ukusuka kwoluhlu) isivakalisi bacinga ukuba isithethi sasithetha. Ukongeza, babefanele bakhethe amagama agcwalise izikhalazo kwezivakalisi. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba abadala abasebancinci bebanomdla ophezulu. Ngokomzekelo, abantu abadala abasemgangathweni bachaneka ngokukhawuleza phakathi ko-11 no-72% wexesha, xa kuthelekiswa no-1 no-56% wexesha labantu abadala. I-Natural vs. Teaching Lipreading ihlola ukuba i-lipreading yinto engokwemvelo, okanye ukuba isakhono esingafundiswa.
Imithombo:
Feld, uJulia E. kunye noMitchell S. Sommers. I-Lipreading, Speed Speed, kunye neSebenzi Imemori kwi-Younger and Older Adults. Umbhalo weNtetho, uLwimi, noPhando loPhando. 2009 uDisemba; 52 (6): 1555-1565.