Ukukhuselwa Ngethuba lokuThengisa iNkqubela yoLuntu okanye yezeMpilo
Umthetho wezeNtsapho kunye noTyango lweMpilo ka-1993 (i-FMLA ) usebenza kubaqeshi bamacandelo abucala abano-50 okanye ngaphezulu abasebenzi abahlala kwiikhilomitha ezingama-75 kwindawo yomsebenzi. Abasebenzi abafanelekayo banokuthatha ikhefu ngenxa yeemeko zempilo ezinzulu, ezifana nokugula okunxulumene ne-HIV , okanye ukunyamekela ilungu lentsapho elijongene nempilo enzulu, kuquka i- HIV
Abasebenzi abafanelekile banelungelo lokufikelela kwiiveki ezili-12 zekhefu elikhuselekile-msebenzi, elihlawulwa lixesha leenyanga ezili-12. Ukuze ufaneleke, umqeshwa kufuneka abe nomqeshi ngeenyanga ezili-12 kwaye sele esebenze ubuncinane iiyure ezili-1,250.
Izizathu ezifanelekileyo zekhefu phantsi kwe-FMLA ziquka:
- Ukugula komntu okanye intsapho
- Ukukhulelwa nokunyamekela emva kokubeleka
- Ukunyamekela umntwana osandul 'umntwana okanye umntwana ekunakekelwa kwabantwana
- Umkhosi wentsapho uhambe ngenxa yokugula okukhulu kwilungu leenkonzo ezikhuselekileyo
I-FMLA isayinwe ngumthetho nguMongameli uBill Clinton ngoFebruwari 5, 1993 kwaye yaqalisa ukusebenza ngo-Agasti 5, 1993.
Ukukhuselwa okuchaphazelekayo phantsi kwe-FMLA
I-FMLA ivumela umqeshwa ofanelekileyo ukuba aqhube isicwangciso sezempilo seqela ngelixa ekhefu. Emva kokubuya kwikhefu, umqeshwa kufuneka abuyiselwe kwindawo efanayo okanye kwindawo efananayo kunye neentlawulo ezilinganayo, iinzuzo kunye nezimo zokusebenza.
Olu khuselo, nangona kunjalo, alupheli ngokupheleleyo kwiitye.
Nangona abantu abaqeshwe njengabantu "abaxhamliweyo kakhulu" - bachazwa njengomntu "phakathi kweyona ephezulu ehlawulwa i-10% yabasebenzi" ngaphakathi kweekhilomitha ezili-75 ze shishini - banelungelo lokufumana ikhefu, abaqeshi abafunwa ukuba babuyisele umntu omnye okanye omnye isikhundla sokuba ikhefu ibangela "ukulimala okukhulu kwezomnotho" kunye nokusebenza kweshishini.
Ukuba umqeshi unquma ukukhanyela umqeshwa omnye okanye isikhundla esifanayo, isaziso kufuneka sinikezwe ngokubhaliweyo.
Ukuxilongwa kweNgcaciso Ingaba kufuneka
Ukuze abantu abane-HIV bacele ukukhuselwa kwe-FMLA, ukuveliswa kwengcaciso yabo yezobisi kunokufuneka. Abaqeshi abafunwa ukuba banike ikhefu lonyango elingakhange lihlawulwe phantsi kwe-FMLA ukuba abanakwazisi malunga nokukhubazeka okanye imeko yezempilo.
Ukuba umqeshwa unquma ukuchazela isimo sakhe se-HIV, ama- Americans abakhubazekileyo ka-1990 (ADA ) athi abasebenzi abanakucacisa "umntu ofanelekileyo onesiphene," kuquka ne-HIV. Kubandakanya ukuqhuma komntu ngokubhekiselele ekukhubazekeni okwenene okanye okubonakalayo, ukuhlukana kwabanye abasebenzi, okanye ukuhlukunyezwa ngokusekelwe ekukhubazekeni.
Ukongezelela koko, uMthetho we-Intshumo yokuPhathwa kwe-Inshurensi yokuPhathwa kweMpilo kunye noXanduva (i-HIPAA), eyenziwe yiNgqungquthela ngo-1996, iqinisekisa ngokugqithiseleyo ukuba ilungelo lokuzimela lifikelela kwimpilo yolwazi lomntu. Kwimeko apho umqeshi afuna iimviwo zesifo okanye ukukhubazeka, umniki-mpahla wezempilo okanye inkampani yomshuwalense kufuneka aqeshe izikhuselo zokuhambisa ulwazi ngokufihlakeleyo kwaye kunye nenani elincinci yolwazi olufunekayo.
Ukuba ukugcinwa kwemfihlo kuyaphula , umqeshwa angathatha isenzo somthetho aze afake isikhalazo kwi-Ofisi ye-Civil Rights '(i-OCR) ye-Ofisi yoLwazi loLwazi lwezeMpilo. Izikhalazo mazifakwe kwiintsuku ezili-180 zokuphula umthetho kwaye zingeniswe ngekhompyutha, ngeposi okanye ngefeksi kwiMphathi wesiFunda we-OCR.
Yintoni ongayenza xa ulahlekile ikhefu elifanelekileyo
I-Department of Labor's Wage and Hour Division (WHD) linoxanduva lokunyanzelisa imithetho emininzi yokukhusela abasebenzi, kuquka i-FMLA.
Ukuba unemibuzo okanye izikhalazo, ungaqhagamshelana ne-WHD ngo-866-487-9243 okanye u-imeyile kwi-intanethi. Uya kuthi uhanjiswe kwi-WHD ofisi kufuphi nawe ukuze uncede.
> Imithombo:
> Isebe Lemisebenzi Yase-US. "I-Wage ne-Hour Division (WHD): uMthetho woLondolozo lwezeNtsapho kunye nezoNyango." EWashington, DC; fi kelelwa ngoDisemba 22, 2015.
> Atchinson, B. kunye neFox, D. (ngoMeyi-Juni 1997). "Umgaqo-nkqubo wezoPolitiko weMpilo ye-Intshumo yokuPhatha nokuXanduva ." Imiba yezeMpilo. NgoMeyi-Juni 1997; 16 (3): 146-150.
> Iofisi yokuprinta yoRhulumente wase-US. Umthetho we-Health Insurance and Accountability Act ka-1996: uMthetho weSizwe wama-104-191 / 104th Congress. "Washington, DC; Agasti 21, 1996; I-DocID: f: u-publ191.104.