Izakhono, iMfundo, kunye nokuSebenza
Isifo esichaphazelayo ugqirha ugqirha lwangaphakathi lonyango olugqiba uqeqesho olongezelelweyo ukulungiselela ukukhusela isifo kunye nokunyanga. Usenokuba ubonile i-movie okanye i-documentary kuogqirha abaphanda ukuqhuma kwegciwane lokubulala okanye i- pathogen engaziwayo. Le yindlela enye nje yesifo esichaphazelekayo ugqirha usebenzisa izakhono zakhe.
Uninzi lwala ogqirha basebenza kwizibhedlele nakwiiklinikhi ukunceda abantu abafumana izifo ezixhaphakileyo.
Izifo ezithathelwanayo
Izifo ezithathelwanayo zizifo ezibangelwa yiibhaktheriya, ii-virus, iifungi, okanye i-parasites. Unokuba utyhileke kulezi zendalo kwimeko, njengamanzi, okanye unokudluliselwa ngomnye umntu okanye kwisilwanyana. Enye yemizekelo eqhelekileyo yezifo ezithathelwanayo ngumkhuhlane (umkhuhlane) . Izifo ezithintekayo ziquka izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo (STD) ezifana ne- HIV / AIDS . Xa zidluliselwa kwizilwanyana ziye kubantu, zibizwa ngokuba zizifo zoonotic.
Nangona ezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo ziba sisifo, sisasazeka kulo lonke uluntu, ezininzi zenzeka kwizinga eliqhelekileyo, elibizwa ngokuba liphela. Iinkalo zokukhathazeka okwandayo zifumana izifo ezithintekayo esibhedlele kunye nezidalwa ezinqabile kwiziza-antibiotics.
Ukuba Ngumgulane Osulelayo
Ukuze ube ngudokotela ogulayo, kufuneka uqale uqedele inkqubo yokuba ngugqirha wezonyango zangaphakathi.
Oku kufuna i-degree bachelor degree, ilandelwe yiminyaka emine yesikolo sezokwelapha. Le mfundiso inzima kakhulu kwisayensi, ngakumbi i-biology kunye ne-chemistry. Emva koko, uza kuba neminyaka emi-3 yokuhlala kwiyeza langaphakathi ngaphambi kokuba ufaneleke ukuba uqinisekiswe yibhodi kwiyeza langaphakathi .
Umfundi angagqiba isicwangciso soqeqesho esongezelelweyo (iminyaka emibili ukuya kweyithathu ubude) kwizifo ezithathelwanayo kwaye abe yi-bhodi eqinisekisiwe kwizifo ezithathelwanayo.
Ngokuya kwiwebhusayithi ye-AMA, kukho izifo ezingama-144 ezithintekayo kwizifo zentsebenziswano kwilizwe lonke. Ezinye izifo ezithintekayo oogqirha banokukhetha ukongezelela ngakumbi, ugxile kwisifo esinye okanye uhlobo lwezifo ezithathelwanayo, ezifana ne-HIV / AIDS.
Ingaba ugqirha ochaphazelekayo ugula
Uninzi lwezifo ezithathelwanayo zisebenza kwizibhedlele okanye kumaziko ezonyango. Abaninzi babona izigulane kwiklinikhi okanye ukulungiswa kwezigulane, ngelixa abanye basebenza kumaziko ophando. Iingcali ezithatheleneyo nezifo zinceda ukuchonga nokulawula izigulane ezithelelekileyo. Baye bancedisa ekulandeleni nasekuvezeni ukusasazeka kwezifo ezithathelwanayo ngokugcina ulwalamano olusondeleyo nabaqeqeshi bezempilo kwi-CDC nakweminye imibutho yempilo yoluntu.
Ingcali yesifo esithathelwanayo iza kuba nezigulane ezibhekiswe kuye ngabanye oogqirha ukuba izigulane zinosulelo olunzima ukulufumanisa okanye lunzima ukunyanga. Basebenzisa iimvavanyo ezinjengeenkcubeko zelabhoratri, iiprojethi ze-antibiotics, kunye nokuhlalutya i-genetic ukunceda ekufumaneni imbangela yesifo kunye naluphi unyango kunye neenkqubo eziya kufuneka ukunyanga.
Isifo esichaphazelayo singasilandela isigulane esithunyelweyo ngexesha lokugula.
Abo baqeshwe ngokunyamekela nge-HIV / AIDS baya kuba yinto ebalulekileyo yeqela labo lezempilo.
Zonke izifo ezithathelwanayo zonyango ziqonda i-epidemiology, kwaye inxalenye yomsebenzi uphando apho izifo ezithintekayo zivela khona kwaye zisasazeka njani. Baya kwenza lo msebenzi kwiziko lezonyango ukuze bancede ukukhusela izifo ezifakwe esibhedlele kwaye babone ukusasazeka kwezifo kuluntu. Okanye, banokuqashwa yintlangano yempilo yoluntu okanye i-CDC kwaye bane-epidemiology njengengqwalasela ebaluleke kakhulu yokusebenza kwabo.