Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba usulelekile ngegonorrhea , kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha. Uya kuqokelela isampula yomchamo okanye i-swab indawo ekubanjelwayo ukuba isifo (isisu, urethra, okanye umqala, umzekelo) kwaye ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa ngokusetyenziswa kwenkcubeko yebhakteria, ukugaya igram, okanye ukuhlolwa kofuzo . Ukuba awukwazi ukubona ugqirha, okanye ukhetha ukuphatha oku ngasese, kukho iikiti ezikuvumela ukuba uvavanye uqobo ukusuka ekhaya.
Ngenxa yokuba i-gonorrhea ihlala ikhona ngaphandle kwempawu, abantu abakwinobungozi obuncitshiswayo bokungcola banokucetyiswa ukuba bafune ukuhlola oku kunye nezinye ii-STD, kungakhathaliseki ukuba baziva njani.
IiLabs kunye novavanyo
Kukho iimvavanyo ezintathu ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-gonorrhea, nganye leyo ineenzuzo kunye nemida. Ukongeza kwi-gram-stain and culter cultures, iteknoloji entsha, ebizwa ngokuba yi- nucleic acid test amplification (NAAT) , inokunika ubungqina bemfuyo yentsholongwane.
Uvavanyo lweNucleic Amplification (NAAT)
I-NAAT yindlela yokuhlolwa kofuzo oluye lwaphuhliswa ngo-1993. Yiyo ifomu ekhuthazwayo yokuvavanya i-uron and genital gonorrhea ngenxa yesantya kunye nokuchaneka.
Esikhundleni sokukhangela ibhaktheriya ngokwayo, i-NAAT ibonisa iizakhi ezizodwa kwi- N . gonorrhoeae . Iyenjenjalo ngokufumana i-DNA ye-bacterial DNA kwi-sampuli yomchamo okanye i-swab ye-vagina, i-cervix, okanye i-urethra (kumadoda). Ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-thermocycling, imida iphindwaphindwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kude kubekho iikopi ezigidi.
Ngokubonelela ngesantya sokusasazeka, i-NAAT inokunikela iziphumo ezichanekileyo kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Unokulindela ukufumana iziphumo zemvavanyo phakathi ezimbini ukuya kwiintsuku ezintathu.
Ngelixa amaZiko okuLawulwa kweNtsholongwane kunye noKhusela (CDC) ancoma ukuba i-NAAT isetyenziselwe ukuxilonga izifo zesifo se-gonorrheal ye-rectum kunye nomqala, ukuPhathwa kweeNkozo kunye noTywala akukavumi ukuvavanya uvavanyo lolo hlobo.
Inkcubeko yeBhakteria
Inkcubeko yebhaktheriya inokuphumelela kakhulu ekufumaneni i-gonorrhea yamagciwane, i-rectum, amehlo, okanye umqala. Emva kokuthatha i-swab yesiza esikhankanywe kuyo, iiseli eziqokelelweyo ziya kwongezwa kwizinto ezenzelwe ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwe- N . gonorrhoeae . Ukuba kukho ukukhula, uvavanyo luyakha. Ukuba akukho ukukhula, uvavanyo alubi.
Inkcubeko ingasetyenziselwa ukuchonga ukuba ngaba ibhaktiriya ayimelana naluphi na olukhoyo lweziyobisi ezikhoyo. Oku kubalulekile ukufunda xa isilwanyana siphumelele ukususa intsholongwane okanye kukho ukusuleleka kwe-gonococcal infection (DGI), ingxaki enzima apho ibhaktheriya isasaze ngegazi kwizitho ezininzi.
Nangona inkcubeko inokunika ubungqina obucacileyo bokusuleleka, uvavanyo luya kuphazamiseka xa i-swab ingathathwa ngokufanelekileyo. (I-swab ye-gonorrheal ifuna iiseli ze-mucosal kunye nokutshatyalaliswa okusasazekayo.) Inkcubeko ye-bhakteria ikwavutha kweqondo lokushisa kwaye ingaba nechanekile kangako ukuba kukho na iimpazamo ekusingathweni, ukugcinwa, ukufakelwa okanye ukuqhutyelwa kwesampuli.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, kunokuthatha iintsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwi sixhenxe ukufumana iziphumo zenkcubeko yakho.
Gcina iSigam
I-Gram staining iyindlela apho iilisi ezikhethekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukuphazamisa indonga zebhaktheriya ukwenzela ukuba zikwazi ukwahlukana kwaye zichongwe phantsi kwe-microscope.
Ukugaya igram kuyindlela efanelekileyo yokuxilonga ukusuleleka kwe-gonorrheal kubantu. Kuqhutyelwa ngokufumana i-swab esuka kwi-urethra kunye nesampula "yokuqala". ("Ukubambisa kuqala" yindlela yokucocwa kuyo ivalwe ubuncinane kwiyure ngaphambi kokuqokelela kwaye kuphela i-20 ukuya kwi-30 milliliters yomlambo iqokelelwa ukusuka ekuqhubeni.)
I-Gram yecala, ngokuphambene, ichanekile kangangoko kubafazi kuba i-concentration ye- N. gonorrhoeae ihlala isasazeka kwaye iphosakele ngokugqithiseleyo kwezinye iibhaktheriya ezenzeka ngokwemvelo kwisisu. Ukongezelela koko, kuba igram yomgca unesiseko esincinane, umphumo ongeyiphumo kumadoda angabonakaliyo akayi kuthathwa njengoluqilileyo.
Kuzo zombini iziganeko, ezinye iifom zokuvavanya ziya kufuneka.
Ukuthetha ngokuqhelekileyo, kufuneka ulindele ukufumana iziphumo zokuhlolwa kwegrama yakho kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwiintsuku ezintathu.
Ukuxilongwa ngokungafani
Nangona iimpawu ezithile ze-gonorrhea zingabonakala zichanekile kuwe (ezinjenge-milky discharge from penis), kunokukho nezinye izizathu ukuba ugqirha uya kufuna ukuhlola ukuba zinempawu ezifanayo. Ezi ziquka:
- Izifo zogqirha
- Herpes simplex urethritis
- Vaginitis
- I-bacterium vaginosis
- Iimbumba zangaphakathi
- Epididymitis
- I-mucopurulent cervicitis
- I-bacjunia conjunctivitis
- Orchitis
I-Self-Checks / Ukuvavanywa Kwekhaya
Ukuba ucinga ukuba uye wavelelwa kwi-gonorrhea, unokujonga iimpawu kunye neempawu ngaphambi kokufuna uvavanyo. Khumbula, ke, ayenzi ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye, ukuba bayakwenza, banokuphosakela lula ngenye into exhalabileyo. Kuqikelele ukuvavanywa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa okanye ukubeka ingqondo yakho ngokukhululekile.
I-Stigma, ihlazo kunye nokwesaba ukuchazwa zizinye zezizathu zokuba abanye abantu bephepha ukuvavanywa kwi-STD. Enyanisweni, ngokweengxelo evela kwi-CDC, ii-STD ezingafumanekiyo zibangelwa ukungabikho komntwana kubangama-20,000 baseMerika ngonyaka.
Kule nto, inani elikhulayo labameli bezempilo karhulumente liye lavuma ukusetyenziswa kweemvavanyo ze-STD ekhaya, ezinikezela abathengi ukuzimela nokuyimfihlo abazifunayo.
Iikiti zekhaya ezidumiweyo ezidityanisiweyo zegonorrhea zidinga ukuba uqoke i-swab kunye / okanye iisampuli ze-urine ekhaya uze uthumele kwi-lab yokuhlalutya. Emva koko ungene kwiwebhusayithi ekhuselekileyo ukuze ufumane iziphumo zakho kwiintsuku zintlanu ukuya ezintlanu zoshishino.
Nangona isibheno se-home test, kukho ezininzi iingxaki. Ukuqokelela ama-sampuli kuya kuba nzima kunokuba abavelisi bacebise, kunye nephutha lomsebenzisi lihle. Uninzi iinkampani azicacanga ngohlobo lwazo iimvavanyo ezibonelela kunye nokuchaneka kwazo (njengoko kulinganiswa ngobuzwe / ubunqunu). Ukongezelela, iindleko zeekiti ziyakwenqabela, ukuqala kwi-$ 90 kwi-STD enye kunye no-300 kwi-screen ye-STD.
Uvavanyo olulodwa ukukhusela ngokukhawuleza umgca wokuhlola wegonorrhea ngokukhawuleza. Nangona iimvavanyo zomchamo kunye nezixhobo ezinokwenziwa kwamanzi ziza kunika iziphumo kwimizuzu engama-15, zinikela ubukhulu bemizuzu engamaphesenti angama-60 ukuya kuma-70 ekhulwini-oku kuthetha ukuba ezininzi iimvavanyo zintlanu ziza kubuya umphumo ongalunganga.
Ukuba uvavanya kakuhle
Ukuba umphumo omuhle wegonorrhea ufunyenwe, kufuneka kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kwe-STD epheleleyo, kuquka i-chlamydia, i-syphilis, i-trichomoniasis kunye ne-HIV. Usulelo lwe-HIV luqhelekile phakathi kwezi zifo ze-STD, kwaye abanye, njenge-HIV, banokukwazi ukusungula intsholongwane xa kukho enye. Ukuba usebenzise ukuhlolwa kwekhaya, ukufuna ukuhlolwa okungeziwe kwidokotela kucebise.
Kunconywa kakhulu ukuba uqhagamshelane nabalingani bakho bobulili ukuba ubaxelele ukuxilongwa kwakho kwaye ukhuthaze ukuba bavavanywe (kwaye baphathwe, xa kuyimfuneko).
Xa unyango lugqityiwe, akukho vavanyo lokulandelelana alufunyanwanga ukuqinisekisa ukuba usulelo luye lwacinywa njengoko nje i-antibiotics ekhuthazwayo isetyenzisiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, unikezelwa ngamazinga aphezulu okuvuselelwa, ugqirha wakho unokucela ukuba uphinde ulandelelwe kwiinyanga ezintathu, nokuba ngaba amaqabane akho aphathwe okanye cha.
Iingcebiso zoKhenketho
I-Gonorrhea yi-STD yesibini eqhelekileyo e-United States, ebalalisa abantu abangaphezu kwama-800,000 ngonyaka. Kule nto, i-US Preventive Services Task Force iyincoma ukuba ukuhlolwa kwe-gonorrhea kunye nezinye ii-STD eziqhelekileyo zenziwe kubantu kubuncipheko obuncitshiswayo kunye / okanye iingxaki zesifo.
Phakathi kweengcebiso:
- I-gonorrhea kunye ne-chlamydia kufuneka ihlolwe kuyo yonke into yabasetyhini abasetyhini abanomngcipheko ophezulu wokungcola.
- I-gonorrhea kunye ne-chlamydia kufuneka ihlolwe kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo abanobunzima obandayo.
- I-Syphilis, i-hepatitis B, kunye ne-HIV kufuneka zihlolwe kuzo zonke iindoda ezikhulelweyo.
- I-Syphilis, i-hepatitis B kunye ne-HIV kufuneka ihlolwe kumadoda okanye kwabasetyhini abasengozini enkulu.
- Uvavanyo lwe-HIV lufanele lwenziwe njengenxalenye yokutyelelwa kogqirha ngokuqhelekileyo kubo bonke abantu abaneminyaka eli-15 ukuya kuma-65.
Uya kuthathwa njengengozi eyongeziweyo xa usenokuba neqabane lamadoda amaninzi kunye / okanye wenze inxaxheba ngokwesondo esingakhuselekanga (kuquka ukulala ngomlomo ). Nangona ukuvezwa kwenzeke kwiminyaka edlulileyo, kubalulekile ukuvavanywa. Ukuba usulelekile, uya kuqhubeka usasazeka uze uphathwe kwaye unokubangela ukuba usulele ulwalamano olutsha ngaphandle kokwazi.
Ukuze ufumane indawo yokuhlola kufuphi nawe, tyelela i-locator ye-intanethi ye-intanethi. Uninzi lweekliniki ezidwelisweyo zinikeza iindleko eziphantsi kweendleko eziphantsi okanye ezingabizi indleko kubahlali abafanelekileyo.
Imithombo:
> Amacandelo okuLawula nokuLawula izifo. I-CDC Fact Sheet: Ii-STD ezixeliweyo e-United States, ngo-2016-Umthwalo ophezulu we-STDs Usongela Izigidi zabantu baseMerika. Atlanta, Georgia; kukhutshwa ngoSeptemba 2017.
> CDC. 2015 Izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo ngesifo Izikhokelo zonyango: Izifo ezibangelwa yi-Gonococcal Infections. Kukhishwe ngoJuni 4, 2015; hlaziywa ngoJanuwari 4, 2018.
> Lee, K .; Ngo-Metzger, Q. Wolff, T. et al. Izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo: Iziphakamiso ezivela kwi-US Preventive Services Task Force. I-Phys Physician. 2016; 94 (11): 907-915.
> Workowski, K .; Bolan, G; Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. Izikhokelo zonyango zonyango zonyango, ngo-2015. 2015; 2015; 64 (33): 924.