Kwinkcazo eyapapashwa kwiphepha leNgxelo kaFebhuwari 2017 yephepha leTyroid , i-American Thyroid Association (ATA) ikhankase ikhwelo kwi-universal salt iodization. I-salt diversity iodization ichazwa njengongezo lwe-iodine kuyo yonke ityuwa ejoliswe ukuba idliwe ngabantu. Injongo ye-ATA ekukhutsheni umnxeba kukuncedisa ukunciphisa imiphumo emibi yezempilo ye-iodine.
Iodine kunye ne-Thyroid
Iodine iyisondlo esibalulekileyo esibalulekileyo ngumzimba ukuze kuveliswe i-hormone ye-thyroid. Umzimba akenzi iodine, ngoko kufuneka utyilwe, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokutya okukhulile kumhlaba ocebileyo we-iodine, ukutya kwezilwanyana zasemanzini, okanye nge-iodization yetyuwa.
Ubunqongophala be-iodine- kunye nesimo esibi kakhulu se-iodine disorders (IDD) -nxulumene ne-cretinism, imeko engapheliyo ebangela ukukhubazeka okukhulayo nokukhulelwa kwengqondo. I-IDD ngokwenene iyona nto ibangela ukukhuselwa kwengqondo emhlabeni. I-ATA ibike ukuba i-40 engama-40 ekhulwini labemi bomhlaba okwangobungozi bokunqongophala kwe-iodine.
Ukuntuleka kwe-iodine kudibaniswa ne-thyroid ekwandiseni (goiter), i-thyroid esebenzayo (i-hypothyroidism), ukukhulelwa kwesisu okuphindaphindiweyo, kunye nokulahleka kokukhulelwa, phakathi kwezinye iingxaki kunye neemeko zempilo. Kwakhona kuboniswe kuphando ukuba ukungafumaneki kwe-iodine kwintombi ngexesha lokukhulelwa kungabangela ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo kunye nengqiqo kubantwana bayo.
Ngokutsho kwe-ATA isitatimende: "Ingxaki yomntu ongekho ixesha elide kunye nefuthe elihlala kuyo le nto ingenakugxininiswa."
IJografi yokuNqongophala kweIodine
Ukutya okukhulile kwiindawo eziye zagqutywa ngamanxweme ziba neengongoma eziphezulu ze-iodine-kwaye ngenxa yoko, abantu abangabonakaliyo nge-iodine.
Iindawo ezisemaphandleni okanye eziphakamileyo ezisemgangathweni ye-iodine emhlabeni wazo-kwaye zinika ukufikelela okuncinci kwizilwanyana zasemanzini-zinokuthi zibe namazinga aphantsi e-iodine ekunikezeni ukutya kwaye zisengozini enkulu ye-IDD.
Ngokomphandi, amazwe kuphela abonakala njengento ebizwa ngokuthi "ukuzinzileyo kwe-iodine" iquka iMelika, iCanada, iNorway, iSweden, iFinland, iSwitzerland, i-Austria, iBhutan, iPeru, iPanama, iMakedoniya kunye neJapan.
Iindawo ezixhalabelekileyo zibandakanya phakathi kwe-Afrika kunye ne-Asia, apho kukho abantu abaneempawu ezinobunzima be-iodine, kunye ne-Himalayas, i-Alps yase-Yurophu, i-Andes, kunye neendawo zaseMpuma Yurophu. Ezinye iindawo zaseYurophu nazo zinesilinganiso esithile sokuntuleka kwe-iodine.
Iingxelo ze-ATA kwi-Universal Salt Iodization
Isitatimende se-ATA senze ezinye iindidi eziphambili ngokubhekiselele kwi-iodization yeryuwa jikelele.
- I-salt iodization yeso siluntu yindlela efanelekileyo kakhulu yokuthintela ukungabikho kwe-iodine kunye nokungazinzi kwe-iodine.
- Ityuwa yanyulwa okokuqala njengezithuthi zemizamo yokukhusela iodine ngenxa yokuba ichithwa ngokwexabiso elincinci ngokumalunga nomntu ngamnye kunye neqela labantu ngosuku ngalunye; iteknoloji efunekayo ityuwa elula ilula; kwimimandla emininzi imveliso yotyuwa ihlanganiswa kumaziko amancinci ambalwa, eququzelela ukubeka iliso nokuthotyelwa; kwaye i-iodization yetyuwa ayithengi.
- Kukho ubungqina bokuba i-iodization yendalo yelyuwa iyafuneka ibekwe ngokomthetho kwaye igxininiswe ngokukodwa kwizinga likazwelonke ukuze iphumelele.
- Ukubeka iliso-ngokukodwa ukujonga amazinga e-urine kwi-urine-kubalulekile njengendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba i-iodine intake isanele.
- I-salt diversity yodesi iphakanyiswe yi-WHO, i-Iodine Global Network kunye ne-UNICEF.
I-WHO ikhuthaze i-salt iodization yendalo yonke ukususela ngo-1993. Bakhetha ityuwa njengeqhinga lokujongana ne-IDD ngezizathu ezibini ezibalulekileyo:
Lifumaneka ngokubanzi kwaye lithengwa ngemali epheleleyo kulo nyaka, kwaye ngenxa yokuba indleko ye-iodising iphantsi kakhulu-kuphela malunga ne-US $ 0.05 ngomntu ngamnye ngonyaka.
Ngokutsho kwe-WHO, uqikelelo lwama-66 ekhulwini kumakhaya ehlabathini lonke sele anelungelo lokufikelela kwietyuwa e-iodidi, kodwa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2 kwihlabathi abasenayo i-iodine engenayo, kunye nesithathu kubo ngabantwana.
Yintoni ekhuthazwayo inzuzo ye-iodine?
I-World Health Organisation ithi:
- 90 i-mcg ye-iodine imihla ngemihla kwiintsana kunye nabantwana ukuya kwiminyaka emi-5
- I-120 mcg yabantwana abaneminyaka engama-6 ukuya kwe-12
- 150 mcg nsuku zonke kubantwana ≥12 kunye nabantu abadala
- 250 mcg nsuku zonke ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye ne-lactation
I-Institute of Medicine yaseUnited States yanconywa ukuba i-iodine yinto encinci ye-idayine ifana nayo:
- 90 mcg nsuku zonke kubantwana abaneminyaka eli-1 ukuya kwe-8 ubudala
- I-120 mcg yabantwana abaneminyaka eyi-9 ukuya kwe-13 ubudala
- 150 i-mcg imihla ngemihla yabaselula abakhulileyo kunye nabantu abadala abangaqhelekanga
- 220 mcg yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo
- 290 i-mcg yabasetyhini abasetyhini
Ukuba unomdla malunga nokutya kwakho kwe-iodine, xela ugqirha wakho malunga namazinga akho ahlolwe kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukufumana izicombululo zokuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Thyroid Association. Ulwaphulo lwe-iodine. http://www.thyroid.org/iodine-deficiency/
> Pearce Elizabeth N .. I-Thyroid. NgoFebruwari 2017, 27 (2): 137-137. i-doi: 10.1089 / yakho.2016.0678.
> Vitti, P., "Ukukhubazeka kwe-iodine ukuphazamiseka," UptoDate. Jan 31, 2017. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/iodine-deficiency-disorders
> Umbutho WezeMpilo Wehlabathi. "Ukusilela kwe-iodine." Http://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/idd/en/