Ukwahlukana kwengqondo kunye neengqondo kwizigulane ezinezobaluleka ezibalulekileyo
Ubunyibiliko obaluleke kakhulu uBenign mhlawumbi iyona eqhelekileyo kuyo yonke ingxaki yokunyakaza. Omnye onomdaka obalulekileyo unyukile, ngokuqhelekileyo kwezandla okanye iingalo, naliphi na isalathiso sisetyenziswe. Oku kwahlula ukuthuthumela kweso sifo seParkinson, esoloko sibi kakhulu xa ingalo nesandla ziphumla.
Kuthetha ntoni "uBinign" kunye "Okubalulekileyo" kwiBinign ebalulekileyo?
Igama elithi "kubalulekile" alinakutsholwa ukubonisa ixabiso lentuthuzelo.
Ukugungqiswa kukucaphukisa kwaye kunokuba kunzima nakwezinye iimeko. Igama elithi "ebalulekileyo" lenzelwe ukubonisa ukuba ukugubhazela kukuphela kwembonakaliso echaphazelekayo - ukuba "yintsimi" yeengxaki zonke. Ngokufanayo, igama elithi "benign" lithetha ukuba ukuphazamiseka, ngelixa kucaphukisa, akuyona into eyingozi.
Ezi mbono, ngelixa ziduduza kwaye zibanjwe ngokubanzi, zinokuba ziphosakele.
Enye into, ukugubha kwenene kubalulekile kungekhona nje isifo esinye, kodwa kunokuba sibonakaliswe yimpawu ebangelwa yinani leenkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Eminye yale nto inokuba "yinyameko," kodwa abanye bangabangela ngakumbi.
Izifo eziMpawu eziBalulekileyo
Ukufunyaniswa ukuba unentshukumo ebalulekileyo, umntu makangabandakanyi kuqala imilinganiselo eyaziwayo. Iingxaki ezinzulu ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis, ukulimala kwengqondo , izigulane, isifo se-vascular, isifo sikaWilson, isifo se-Parkinson, esichengileyo, izidakamizwa, kunye nokunye kunokubangela ukuba kunyikima xa kubonakala isandla nesandla.
Ukuba enye yezi zinto zifunyenwe kuba yimbangela yokugubhazela, ukugubhazela akubheki "kubalulekile," kodwa inxalenye yesimo sezempilo esibi kakhulu.
Ingxabano iqala emva kokuba singabandakanyi ezininzi zeengxaki njengoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye nje kubonakala nje ukuzamazama. Nangona kunjalo, kunokubakho iingcamango ezizityhutyhayo, uphawu olubanzi olubandakanyekayo emzimbeni.
Imiba engqiqo kunye neyobuzwe beSikhumbuzo esibalulekileyo
Inani elikhulayo lezenzululwazi lichaze ukungafani okuphambanisayo kwindlela abantu abaneentshukumo ezibalulekileyo abazenza ngayo kwiimvavanyo ze-neuropsychological. Ngokomzekelo, abantu abanentshukumo ebalulekileyo, njengeqela, abakwazi ukubiza iziqhamo ezininzi kwiminithi enye njengabo bangenanto yokuthuthumela. Baye benza okubi nakakhulu kwimvavanyo yeememori, ingqwalasela kunye nokugxininisa.
Ukongeza kwezi ngxabano ezingqondweni, abantu abaneengqungquthela ezibalulekileyo baye bachazwa njengengozi yokwanda kwengcinezelo, kwakunye nokuxhatshazwa kwexhala okanye i-social phobias. Ezinye iziphumo zichaze izigulane ezinezantya ezibalulekileyo njengoko zithengiswa, zizinzileyo, okanye zodwa kunabantu bonke. Zonke ezi mpawu, nangona kunjalo, zachazwa ngokuthelekisa amaqela abantu, oko kuthetha ukuba kusekho ukuhlukahluka phakathi kwabantu.
Iinguqu zeBrain kwiSibhakabhaka esibalulekileyo
Iingcali ze-neuropathologists ziye zafunda ubuchopho babantu obunzima kakhulu emva kokufa kwabo. Iziphumo zibonisa kodwa ziphikisana. Abanye abantu baye bachaza utshintsho kwi-cerebellum, ummandla wengqondo ehlotshaniswa nokuhamba kunye nokulungelelanisa. Ukongezelela, ezinye izifundo zichaze ithuba eliphezulu lokufumana imizimba yaseLeyy, edlalwa njengelisifo sesifo sikaParkinson, inxalenye yesimo sengqondo esaziwayo njenge-locus coeruleus.
Abanye abaphengululi beentsholongwane bakholelwa ukuba ezi ziimpawu ezibonisa ukuba ukugungqiswa okubalulekileyo kungabangela isifo esingenayo i-neurodeergenerative kwisigxina sesifo sika-Parkinson okanye isifo se-Alzheimer. Ezinye iziphumo ziye zafumanisa ukuba abantu abaneengcipheko ezibalulekileyo bangabungozi bokunyusa isifo se-Parkinson, isifo se-Alzheimer kunye nesifo se-nyukliya esibandayo. Mhlawumbi kukho uhlobo oluqhelekileyo kwi-neurodegeneneration edibanisa ukuthuthumela kunye nezinye izifo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abanye bachaza ukuba ipesenti yemizimba yaseLewy efunyenwe ebuchompheni babantu abanentshukumo ebalulekileyo ayikho phezulu kunezo ezilawulwayo.
Kwakhona, ingozi eyongezelelekileyo yokuphuhlisa ezinye izifo ingaba yinto elula yokufumana ingxaki-oko kuthetha ukuba mhlawumbi abantu abathile ekuqaleni babethetha ngokugqithisekayo kubonakaliso olungavamile lweParkinson okanye enye ingxaki yokunyakaza. Aba baphandi bakholelwa ukuba akukho mfuneko yangoku yokubiza umnqweno obangela ukuguqulwa ngokwawo.
Indima yeCerebellum kwi-Essential Tremor
Ngokuqinisekileyo, uphando oluninzi luye lwacetyiswa ukuba i-cerebellum ayisebenzi ngokuqhelekileyo ekudandeni okubalulekileyo. Oku kungachaza ukuba kutheni abanye abantu abanentshukumo ebalulekileyo banesinye "ukufunyanwa kwe-cerebellar" kwiimvavanyo zabo ze-neurological, ezifana ne- ataxia okanye ukulungelelaniswa kweso.
Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, siye saqonda ngokugqithiseleyo ukuba i-cerebellum yenza okungaphezu kokulungelelanisa intshukumo-inokukunceda ukulungelelanisa iingcamango mhlawumbi nemvakalelo. Izifundo ziye zadibanisa umsebenzi we-cerebellar kunye ne-corrox ye-preforsal cortex, ummandla wengqondo ehambelana nokuxazulula iingxaki, ingqwalasela kunye nenkumbulo.
Yintoni Oku kuthetha Ngayo Ukuba Ndiba Neentlanzi?
Kukho ubungqina obunyanzelisayo bokuthi ukuqonda kuyahluka phakathi kwabantu abanakho kunye nentuthuzelo ebalulekileyo. Loo mantsholongwane, nantoni na, incinci, kwaye imbangela yalezo zitshintsho azicacanga. Ukuba intlanzi ebalulekileyo, eqinisweni, isifo esiyingozi, ityantya kakhulu. Kwenzeka njani oku oku, ukuba kukho konke, ukunyamekela ukunyamekela akucaci ngeli xesha. Mhlawumbi ukuchaza izibangela ezinzulu ezibangela ukugubungela okubalulekileyo kunokuphelisa abantu abaya kubhalwa njengento enobungozi.
Imithombo:
U-Bermejo-Pareja F (2011): Inyikima ebalulekileyo - ingxaki yokuguquka kwegazi ehambelana neziphoso ezinokuqonda? Nat Rev Neurol. 7: 273-282.
I-Chandran V, uPal PK (2012): Inyikima ebalulekileyo: ngaphaya kweempawu zeemoto. I-Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 18: 407-413.
Louis ED, Faust PL, Ma KJ, Yu M, Cortes E, Vonsattel JP (2011): I-torpedoes kwi-vermis ye-cerebellar kwiziganeko ezibalulekileyo kunye nokulawula. Cerebellum. 10: 812-819.
ULouis ED, uFaust PL, iVonsattel JP (2011): Ukulahleka kweeseli yePurjeje kukuphawu lobunzima obunzima. I-Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 17: 406-409.
I-Passamonti L, i-Novellino F, i-Cerasa A, iChiriaco C, i-Rocca F, i-Matina MS, kunye ne-al. (2011): Izijikelezo ze-corere-cerebellar ezichanekileyo ngexesha lomsebenzi wokubhaliweyo ngomlomo. Ubunjani. 134: 2274-2286.
INKCAZELO: Ulwazi olukule ndawo lusezinjongo zemfundo kuphela. Akufanele isetyenziswe njengendawo yokunyamekelwa ngumntu ogqirha. Nceda ubone ugqirha wakho ukuze ufumane unyango kunye nonyango malunga nayiphi na impawu okanye imeko yonyango .