Abantwana abane-cerebral palsy baneengxaki ngeetoni ze-muscle, ezichaphazela ukukwazi kwabo ukugcina ibhalansi yabo, ukunyameka, nokuhamba nokuhamba.
Ngokungafani nezinye iimeko zonyango ezinokuchaphazela ikhono lomntwana lokuhamba okanye ukuhamba, kunye ne-cerebral palsy, ingxaki ayikho kwimisipha yomntwana okanye iimbilini. Kunoko, umonakalo kwengqondo yomntwana ngokwawo ithinta amandla akhe okulawula izihlunu zakhe.
Yintoni Eyibangela Ukukhubazeka Kwama-Cerebral Palsy?
Ukulimala kwengqondo kubangela ukuba i-cerebral palsy ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, ngelixa ingqondo yengane isakhula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunokuthi kwenzeke kamva emva kokukhulelwa, ngexesha lokunikezelwa, okanye ngaphantsi kokuqhelekileyo, ekuqaleni kobomi bentsana.
Ezinye izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokukhubazeka kwe-cerebral ziquka:
- imeko zofuzo
- izifo zengxaki
- ye-bacterial meningitis
- izifo ezithatha isisu (i-toxoplasmosis, i-parvovirus yabantu (i-Fifth Disease), i-rubella, i-cytomegalovirus, i-herpes, i-syphilis, njl.
- ukuphuma kumbilini
- Ukungabikho kwe-oksijini ngenxa yeengxaki ze-placenta
- i-kernicterus (i-jaundice enzima)
- ukulimala kwentloko
- ukubetha
- Ukuxhaphazwa kwabantwana kunye ne-baby syndrome
Ukuqhawuka kwexesha, nangona kungabangeli ukukhubazeka kwe-cerebral, kudla ukudibanisa nemeko, njengokuba iintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha zisengozini yeengxaki ezininzi ezenzayo.
Hlalani nikhumbule ukuba ezininzi iingcali ngoku zikholelwa ukuba iimeko ezimbalwa ze-cerebral palsy zibangelwa ukungabikho kwe-oxygen ngexesha lokubambisana nokuhanjiswa.
Iimpawu zeCerebral Palsy
Nangona abaninzi abantwana bezalwa benesifo sokukhubazeka, iimpawu ezingabonakali kwiinyanga ezininzi. Enyanisweni, iimpawu ze-cerebral palsy zibonakaliswa zingabonakali kude kube umntwana wakho eneminyaka emininzi ubudala.
Izimpawu zokukhubazeka kwe-Cerebral ukuba ungayibona, kwaye kufuneka ukhangele ukuba unomdla wokuba umntwana wakho unobungozi bokugula, kuquka:
- imisipha eqinile okanye eqinile (hypertonia)
- ezixubileyo
- ukuhamba komzimba ongalawulwayo
- ithoni ephantsi (hypotonia)
- ukuhamba ngezintwana (kunokuqhelekileyo ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-3 ubudala, ingakumbi ukuba umntwana akahambanga kwizwane zawo zonke ixesha)
- ukuphoqa okanye ukudonsa unyawo ngelixa uhamba
- ukuhamba nge-scissored gait, ukuguqula imilenze njengoko behamba
- ukugqithisa ngokweqile
- ubunzima bokugwinya, ukusela, okanye ukuthetha
- ukuthuthumela
- unenkathazo ngezakhono ezintle zezithuthi, ezinjengeenkcukacha zokukhawuleza okanye ukubamba ipensela
Izimpawu zokukhubazeka kwe-cerebral azikhathazi ngokudala, kodwa iimpawu zingaphuma kwi-mild to severe. Ngokomzekelo, umntwana onobuchopho obunzima obunobomi obukhulu kakhulu unokuba neengxaki ezihambayo, ngelixa enye eneempawu ezinzima zifuna i-wheelchair.
Abantwana abane-cerebral palsy bangaba neengxaki zokondla, ukulibala kwengqondo, ukuxhatshazwa, ukukhubazeka ukufunda, kunye neengxaki nombono wabo nokuva.
Ukuchonga ukukhubazeka kweCerebral Palsy
Ukuxilongwa kwe-cerebral palsy kudlalwa xa umzali okanye udokotela wezilwanyana ephawula ukuba umntwana akahlangabezane nemigangatho yakhe yokuphuhlisa imvelo kunye / okanye yokuziphatha. Udokotela wakho wezilwanyana unokubona kwakhona, ngexesha lovavanyo lomzimba, ukuba umntwana onobuchopho bentsholongwane unengxaki ngesimo sakhe semisipha okanye i-reflexes.
Impawu zokuqala ze-cerebral palsy zingabantwana:
- usenakho ukulawulwa kwentloko embi emva kokuba eneminyaka emibili ubudala
- soloko efikelela ngesandla esisodwa emva kokuba esineenyanga ezintandathu ubudala, egcina enye inqindi (gcinani engqondweni ukuba iintsana ezininzi azibonisi isandla esithandayo ngonyaka wabo wokuqala)
- akakwazi ukukhahlela okanye ukuma ngenkxaso ngokuzalwa kwakhe kokuqala
Ukongezelela ekuhloleni ngokomzimba, iimvavanyo ngamanye amaxesha uncedo xa uvavanya umntwana ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwe-cerebral uquka ukukhangela kwikhompyutha ye-tomography (CT) kunye / okanye ukufundwa komfanekiso wengqondo (Magnetic resonance imaging) (MRI). Eminye imvavanyo ingenziwa kwakhona xa kubangelwa ukuba i-genetic, i-metabolic, okanye i-infectious cause of cerebral palsy.
Unyango lweCerebral Palsy
Nangona kungekho nonyango yokukhubazeka kwe-cerebral, unyango lubandakanya:
- ulungiso lwenyama
- unyango lo msebenzi
- unyango lo kuthetha
- amayeza, ngamanye amaxesha anokunceda iimpawu ezinzima, ezinjenge-muscle spasticity (baclofen, Botox), ukutshatyalaliswa, kunye nokuhlaselwa (Robinul).
- unyango kwietoni ezinzima okanye amajoyina
Ukongezelela kwonyango, abantwana abaneemodareyitha eziphambili okanye ezinobulwelwe obukhulu bendawo bangadinga iifowuni zokuncedisa ukuba bajikeleze, ezifana ne-orthotics, i-walker, okanye isihlalo sabakhubazekile. Ezinye iintlobo zobuchwepheshe bokuncedisa zinokukunceda nabantwana abaneenkcukacha ezinobunzima be-cerebral palsy (iinkonzo zokuxhumana eziphezulu) kwaye benze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
Yintoni Oyaziyo Ngomzimba Wokukhubazeka KwamaCerebral
Ezinye izinto ozaziyo malunga nokukhubazeka kwe-cerebral ziquka ukuba:
- Iimanani zamvanje zibonisa ukuba ukukhubazeka kwe-cerebral kuchaphazela malunga nabantwana abayi-1 000 okanye aba-1 kwabantwana abangama-323 e-United States.
- Ukusabalala kwe-cerebral palsy kuye kwangatshintshwa ukususela ngo-1985.
- Abantwana abane-cerebral palsy ababi kakhulu ngexesha kwaye kwaye, ngokwenene, bangcono xa unyango.
- Abantwana abane-cerebral palsy bangaba nombono kunye neengxaki zokuva. Basenokufuna ama-eyeglass okanye ukuhlinzwa, ukulungisa intlobo, kunye nokuncedisa ukuva.
Ukuvandlakanywa ngumntwana we-neurologist kunye ne / okanye nophuhliso lwabahlengikazi bangaphantsi kunokuba luncedo xa umntwana ecingelwa ukuba unobungozi obuphene.
Imithombo:
I-Behrman: Nelson incwadi yeePediatrics, i-17.
Christensen et al. Ubunzima be-cerebral palsy, ukuqhubana ngokubambisana kwe-autism, kunye nokusebenza kwemoto-I-Autism kunye neNtuthuko yokuKhubazeka kweNtliziyo, eMerika, ngo-2008. I-Dev Med Child Neurol. 2014 Jan; 56 (1): 59-65.
UMarshalyn Yeargin-Allsopp, MD. Ubunzima beCerebral Palsy kwi-8-Old Age Children kwiindawo ezintathu ze-United States ngo-2002: Ukusebenzisana kweMultisite. PEDIATRICS Vol. 121 No. 3 Matshi 2008, iphe. 547-554
UVan Naarden Braun et al. Ukukhula kokuzalwa komzimba wokukhubazeka kwe-cerebral: Isifundo esisekelwe kubantu. Pediatrics. Umqulu 137, inombolo 1, uJanuwari 2016.