Ifom yefom? Zonke i-acne iyinkathazo yeyunithi ye- pilosebaceous , eyenziwa yintambo yokunyusa izinwele, izilonda zezinwele kunye neenwele. Ezi nqununu zifunyanwa yonke indawo emzimbeni ngaphandle kweentendelezo zezandla, iingqatha zeenyawo, phezulu kweenyawo kunye nomlomo ophantsi. Inani leeyunithi ze-pilosebaceous zikhulu kunobuso, entanyeni yentloko nangesifuba.
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Pore eqhelekileyoIingqungquthela ezixhambileyo zivelisa into ebizwa ngokuba yi-sebum, enoxanduva lokugcina ulusu kunye neenwele ezihlanjululwayo. Ngethuba lokusasa, iingqungquthela ezikhukhulayo zandisa kwaye zivelise i-sebum ngaphezulu ngaphantsi kwefuthe lamahomoni abizwa nge-androgens. Emva kweminyaka engama-20, ukuveliswa kwe-sebum kuqala ukuhla.
I-Sebum eveliswa yi-gland sebaceous idibanisa kunye neeseli ezixutywe ngaphakathi kwintliziyo yeentwele kwaye igcwalise i- follicle yeenwele . Xa ulandelelwano lugcwele, i-sebum isasazeka ngaphezu kwesikhumba, inika imbonakalo enamafutha. Xa le nkqubo isebenza ngokuchanekileyo, ulusu luyahluma kwaye luhlala lusempilweni. Xa le nkqubo ingasebenzi kakuhle, ulusu lunokuba lube lukhuni kakhulu okanye lube lukhulu kunamafutha, okokugqibela okuphakamisa umngcipheko we-acne.
Olu luhlu lwemifanekiso lubonisa indlela iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo ze-acne eziphuhliswa ngayo nendlela yokuphatha uhlobo oluthile. Lo mzekeliso wokuqala ubonisa ipore eqhelekileyo ukuze uthelekise enye imifanekiso ye-acne ngokubhekiselele kuyo.
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Microcomedone (i-Acne Early)Zininzi izinto ezibangela ukuqala kwe-acne lesion:
- I-Corneocytes , okanye iiseli zesikhumba, ziba nzima ngakumbi njengoko zichithwa kwaye ziqokelele kwipore kunokuba zikhuphuke esikhumbeni.
- Amanye amaseli ekhumba aphelelwa phezulu kwipore ngaphezu kwezantsi.
- Ukuveliswa kwe-Sebum kwandisiwe.
Ngeli nqanaba, i-pore ibonakala iqhelekileyo ngaphandle, kodwa kukho utshintsho olucacileyo kwiiseli ezungeze ipore. Njengoko izinto ezisemgangathweni zakha, zidala i-bottleneck evimbela ukuhlutha. Ixesha lezonyango kule nqanaba li-microcomedone.
Ibhakterium Propionibacterium acnes , edla ngokufutshane i- P. acnes , ngokuqhelekileyo ihlala kwii-pores. Isebenzisa i-sebum njengezondlo zokukhula. Njengoko ukuveliswa kwe-sebum kwanda, inani le- P. acnes bactteria landa kwipore. Kwinqanaba le-microcomedone, iibhaktheriya azibangeli ukusuleleka kuba zizinto kuphela eziphathekayo ngaphakathi kwipore, kungekhona ukukhupha ulusu.
Le yile imithi enokukunceda ngeli nqanaba.
- I-peroxydi ye-benzoyl e-Over-counter-kills iyabulala ibhaktheriya kwaye inokunceda ukukhusela ii- P. acnes kwi-overgrowing.
- Imveliso ye-prescription tretinoin efana ne-Retin-A, i-Retin-A Micro, kunye ne-Avita ibuyisela ukunyaniseka kweeseli zesikhumba, ezivumela ukuba zidibanise ngokuqhelekileyo.
- I-anti-saliclic acid ye-2% ye-lotion yi-beta hydroxy acid ebuye iguqule ukunyaniseka kweeseli zesikhumba.
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I-Whitehead okanye iComedone eViweyoNjengoko i- sebum ephuma kwi- gland egciniweyo kunye neeseli zesikhumba, ezinokuthiwa njenge-corneocytes, zakha, ziyaqulunqwa kwaye zinyani. Ukuba ukuvula kwepore kuncitshisiwe okanye kuvaliwe, oku kuba yi-comedone evaliweyo, eyaziwa njengengubo emhlophe (ngenxa yokuba isilonda sikhuliswa kwaye sibukeka simhlophe).
Njengoko izinto ezizimeleyo zakha, ukuvuvukala kuvela kwiiseli ezungeze ipore. Iimhlophe ziyakuthatyathwa okanye zingenasifo, kuxhomekeke ekubeni ngaba i- P. acnes bacteria ikwazi ukuphazamisa iiseli ezijikeleze ipore.
Le yile imithi enokukunceda ngeli nqanaba.
- I-peroxydi ye-benzoyl e-Over-counter-kills iyabulala ibhaktheriya kwaye inokunceda ukukhusela ii- P. acnes kwi-overgrowing.
- Imveliso ye-prescription tretinoin efana ne-Retin-A, i-Retin-A Micro, kunye ne-Avita ibuyisela ukunyaniseka kweeseli zesikhumba ezibenza bavame ukuhamba.
- I-anti-saliclic acid ye-2% ye-lotion yi-beta hydroxy acid ebuye iguqule ukunyaniseka kweeseli zesikhumba.
- I -antibiotics ye - prescription ye -antibiotics ibulala i- P. acnes ibterteria kwaye isenokusetyenziswa ukuba ezinye zezimhlophe zikhulelwe.
- I-anticription antibiotics yomlomo iphinda ibulale i- P. acnes ibhakteria kwaye isenokusetyenziswa ukuba ininzi yamhlophe ifuthe okanye ifumanekile iipilisi okanye ii-pustules.
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Blackhead okanye Open ComedoneNjengoko i-sebum ephuma kwi-gland egciniweyo kunye neeseli zesikhumba, ezinokuthiwa njenge-corneocytes, zakha, ziyaqulunqwa kwaye zinyani. Ukuba ukuvulwa kwepore kuhlale kuvulekile, oku kuba yi-comedone evulekile, eyaziwa ngokuba ngumnyama (kuba i-pore ibonakala ibumnyama).
Njengoko izinto ezizimeleyo zakha, ukuvuvukala kuvela kwiiseli ezungeze ipore. Ama-Blackheads angenayo igciwane okanye angenasifo, kuxhomekeke ekubeni ngaba iP. acnes bacteria baye bakwazi ukuphazamisa iiseli ezijikeleze iphore.
Le yile imithi enokukunceda ngeli nqanaba.
- I-peroxydi ye-benzoyl e-Over-counter-kills iyabulala ibhaktheriya kwaye inokunceda ukukhusela ii- P. acnes kwi-overgrowing.
- Imveliso ye-prescription tretinoin efana ne-Retin-A, i-Retin-A Micro, kunye ne-Avita ibuyisela ukunyaniseka kweeseli zesikhumba ezibenza bavame ukuhamba.
- I-anti-saliclic acid ye-2% ye-lotion yi-beta hydroxy acid ebuye iguqule ukunyaniseka kweeseli zesikhumba.
- I-antibiotics yamayeza ephambili ibulala i- P. acnes ibterteria kwaye isenokusetyenziswa ukuba ezinye zeentlobo zamnyama zisulelwe.
- I-anticription antibiotics yomlomo iphinda ibulale i- P. acnes ibhakteria kwaye ingasetyenziswa ukuba amaninzi amnyama ayesulelekile okanye ukuba kukho iipilisi okanye ii-pustules.
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Isiqwenga sePimple okanye sokuvuthaNjengoko i-sebum ephuma kwintsimbi ehlanjululwayo kunye neeseli zesikhumba, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-corneocytes, zakha, zibeka uxinzelelo kwiiseli ezungeze ipore. Ukuba uxinzelelo olwaneleyo luqhutywe, amacala okuphuka kwepore kunye nezinto ezihlambulukileyo zivuza emzimbeni. Ekubeni i-sebaceous material iqulethe i- P. acnes bactteria eninzi , ulusu olujikelezayo luya sulelwa kwaye ludala i-bump ebomvu (into oyibiza ngokuba yi-pimple). Ixesha lesigqirha kulo mlo obomvu ngumqulu ovuzayo.
Le yile imithi enokukunceda ngeli nqanaba.
- I-peroxydi ye- benzoyl e -Over-counter- kills iyabulala ibhaktheriya kwaye inokunceda ukukhusela ii- P. acnes kwi-overgrowing.
- Imveliso ye-prescription tretinoin efana ne-Retin-A, i-Retin-A Micro, kunye ne-Avita ibuyisela ukunyaniseka kweeseli zesikhumba ezibenza bavame ukuhamba.
- I-anti-saliclic acid ye-2% ye-lotion yi-beta hydroxy acid ebuye iguqule ukunyaniseka kweeseli zesikhumba.
- Amagciwane e-antibiotics abulala ama-antibiotics abulala ama- P. acnes bacteria kwaye ahlala esetyenziswa ukuba umntu unamaphepha atshabayo.
- I-anticription antibiotics yomlomo iphinda ibulale i- P. acnes bacteria kwaye isetyenziswa rhoqo xa umntu enamaphepha amaninzi okuvuvukala.
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PustuleI-pustule ihluke kwi- pimple kuphela kuba iqukethe iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe. Njengoko i-immune system ilwa nentsholongwane yeP. acnes , ngamanye amaxesha iiseli zamhlophe zegazi (eziyingxenye yesistim somzimba), zidala i-pus kwipore. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-pustule. Siyazi ukuba ziphi iinkqubo zamasosha omzimba ezibandakanyekayo ekwenzeni izibhokhwe kunye neepustules, kodwa akucaci isizathu sokuba ezinye izilonda zihlakulele kwaye abanye abangekho. Oku kubaluleke kuphela kwimbono yezesayensi kuba, ngokuqhelekileyo, izibhunqa kunye neepustules ziphathwa ngendlela efanayo.
Le yile imithi enokukunceda ngeli nqanaba.
- I-peroxydi ye-benzoyl e-Over-counter-kills iyabulala ibhaktheriya kwaye inokunceda ukukhusela ii- P. acnes kwi-overgrowing.
- Imveliso ye-prescription tretinoin efana ne-Retin-A, i-Retin-A Micro, kunye ne-Avita ibuyisela ukunyaniseka kweeseli zesikhumba ezibenza bavame ukuhamba.
- I-anti-saliclic acid ye-2% ye-lotion yi-beta hydroxy acid ebuye iguqule ukunyaniseka kweeseli zesikhumba.
- I-antibiotics ye- prescription ye -antibiotics iyabulala i-P. acnes ibterteria kwaye isetyenziswa rhoqo xa umntu enama-pustules.
- I-anticription antibiotics yomlomo iphinda ibulale i- P. acnes ibterteria kwaye isetyenziswa rhoqo xa umntu eninzi iipustules.
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Cyst okanye NoduleNgamanye amaxesha xa izinto ezikhunileyo kunye neebhaktheriya zihlahlela kwi-kliphu ejikelezileyo, intsholongwane iyasasazeka ngokubanzi kwaye iyanzulu, kubangele ukutshatyalaliswa kunye nokubunjwa kwee-nodules okanye i-cysts. Le yinto "ebomvu" ubuso obunzima obuhlungu kakhulu kunye nokuchasene nokunyanga kwamayeza.
Le yile imithi enokukunceda ngeli nqanaba.
- Imveliso ye-prescription tretinoin efana ne-Retin-A, i-Retin-A Micro, kunye ne-Avita ibuyisela ukunyaniseka kweeseli zesikhumba ezibenza bavame ukuhamba.
- I-antibiotic antibiotics yomlomo iphinda ibulale i- P. acnes ibterteria kwaye isoloko isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukusuleleka kwi-cystic acne.
- I-Isotretinoin (i-Accutane) inokumiselwa ukunyanga i-acs cystic. Esi sidakamizwa sinemiphumo emibi kakhulu kwaye kufuneka ihlolwe ngokukhawuleza ukuba isetyenziswa.