Nangona i-cancer yesisu ayinakukhusela i-100%, unokumangaliswa ukufunda ukuba kukho izinto ongayenza ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa, njengokuyeka ukutshaya. Oko kuthethwa, akubona zonke izimbangela zesifo somhlaza wesibeleko esingaphantsi kolawulo lwakho, njengento yokuzalwa yesifo.
Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezinobungozi-nokuba zikhona ekulawuleni kwakho-musa ukuchaza ngokupheleleyo ukuba unokufumana umhlaza wesisu.
Ngamanye amagama, ngenxa yokuba utshaya okanye nje ngokuba unembali yentsapho yomhlaza wesisu akuthethi ukuba uya kuyifumana ngokuqinisekileyo. Ngexesha elifanayo, umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wesisu awuyiyo ipesenti kuphela ngenxa yokuba ungashiye okanye ungenayo imbali yentsapho.
Ekugqibeleni, umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wesisu-njengokuba uninzi lweekliniki-uvela ekusebenzisaneni okunzima phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo kunye neendawo zakho.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo
Makhe siqwalasele izinto ezithile ezandisa amathuba akho okufumanisa ukuba ungumhlaza wesibeleko kunye noko ungakwenza ukuze unciphise loo mathuba.
Ukubonakaliswa kweMichiza eMsebenzini
Ukubonakaliswa kwamakhemikhali athile kwindawo yomsebenzi, njengama-dil aniline kunye nezinye iintlobo zamaminisi amnandi, kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wesisu. Enyanisweni, ukuya kwi-10 yeepesenti zeengcingo zesifo se-bladder kubangelwa ukunyuka kweekhemikhali.
Uphando lubonisa ukuba umngcipheko wokuvelisa umdlavuza wesibeleko uhlala iminyaka engaphezu kwe-30 emva kokuphela kweendawo zokusebenzela kulezi zifo zechemicogogens .
Imizekelo yemisebenzi enxulumene nomngcipheko ophezulu wesifo somhlaza wesibindi siquka:
- I-Textile, i-rubber, isikhumba, isinyithi, idayi, i-petroleum, okanye abasebenzi beekhemikhali
- Abantu abasebenza kunye nezinto zokuprinta
- Abadwebi
- Abalungisi beebhokhwe abasebenza ngombala
- Abacoci abamisayo
- Abashayeli bamaloli (ukunyuka kwi-diesel fumes)
- Abahlalutyi beebhokhwe
- Umqhubi wokushicilela
Ukunyuka kwesifo esingapheliyo
Iimeko ezithile zempilo, njengezifo ezithintekayo okanye ezingapheliyo zokungena kumchamo , amatye e-bladder, ukungasebenzi kwesibindi ukusuka kwiingxaki zemisipha, kunye nalabo abanekatiyiti ye-urinary abangenayo ingavimba ukuvuvukala okungapheliyo kwesibindi.
Olu kuvuthayo lunokwandisa umngcipheko wokufumana umdlavuza wesisu, ingakumbi uhlobo oluthile lomhlaza wesisu obizwa ngokuba yi-squamous cell carcinoma. Olu hlobo, nangona kunjalo, li-akhawunti kuphela malunga neepesenti ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 zazo zonke iisondo zomhlaza.
Ukongezelela, ukusuleleka okungapheliyo nokungaphelelanga nge-parasite ebizwa ngokuthi i- Schistosoma haematobium- efumaneka kwimithombo yamanzi ehlambulukileyo-inxulunyaniswa kakhulu kwi-squamous cell carcinoma ye-bladder.
Arsenic kwiManzi
I-Arsenic efunyenwe ngamanzi okusela idibene nomngcipheko ophezulu wesifo somhlaza. Imithombo yamanzi amaninzi equkethe amanqanaba aphezulu e-arsenic avela kumithombo.
Amanqanaba e-Arsenic ngamanzi okusela aphakanyisiwe kwiindawo ezithile zehlabathi, njengeengxenye zaseTaiwan, eJapan, eBangladesh, nasentshonalanga yeMzantsi Melika. Ezinye iindawo ezisemaphandleni ezisentshonalanga yeUnited States nazo zine-arsenic yemvelo emanzini. Kodwa, qi ni sekiswe ukuba kwininzi yabantu baseUnited States, amanzi okusela awona mthombo omkhulu we-arsenic.
Amachiza Nonyango
Ezinye iziyobisi kunye nezokwelapha ziye zadibaniswa nomhlaza wesisu, kuquka:
- Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide lwesifo sikashukela thiazolidinediones (idatha yesayensi isangxubeke)
- Imbali yokuthatha imithi ye-chemotherapy Cytoxan (cyclophosphamide)
- Imbali yonyango lomlambo ngomdlavuza weplavic (iprotate, i-testicular, intsholongwane, okanye umhlaza wesi-ovari)
Ezinye iziphumo
- Ubudala (abangama-90 ekhulwini abo abanomdlavuza wesibeletho baneminyaka engama-55 ubudala, ngokwe-American Cancer Society)
- Imbali yomnye umhlaza kwisistim somgudu (urso, ureter, okanye urethra)
- Imbali yomntu wesifo somhlaza wesisu (isifo esitsha singenza kwifom ehlukileyo ngaphakathi kwesikhumba)
Izinto zobomi
Kukho ezinye izinto ezenza umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza wesibeleko ongeke uguqulwe. Ezi ziquka:
- Ubulili (isifo somhlaza wesibindi sithandwa kakhulu kubayeni kunabesifazane)
- Uhlanga (ii-caucasians ziphindwe kabili ukuba zivelise umdlavuza wesisu ngaphezu kwama-Afrika-amerika)
- Ezinye iimpazamo zokuzalwa zesibindi
- Imbali yentsapho yomhlaza wesisu
Imbali yentsapho yomhlaza wesantya okanye isenokungenakulinganiswa nokuveliswa kwemfuza yomntu. Ngokomzekelo, i-syndromes ethile ye-genetic okanye iinguqulelo-ezenzekayo xa amaseli emzimbeni wakho ekwahlula-axhumene nokufumana umhlaza wesisu; nokuba uzuze le nto engekho yolawulo lwakho.
Uphando lubonisa ukuba umntwana osemncinci wokuqalisa umhlaza wesisu unokufumana ithuba lokufumana ilifa. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuwona umthetho okhuni kwaye okhawulezayo.
Kodwa, imbali yentsapho ingaba ngaphezulu kokulawula kwakho ukuba umthandi wakho uhlakulela umdlavuza wesisu ngenxa yokuchayeka, kufana nomsi wecuba okanye imichiza. Enyanisweni, ukutshaya umsi wesibindi kuye kwaxhaswa ingozi yomhlaza wesisu kubasetyhini-nangona bekunomdla, kungekhona amadoda-ngokutsho koPhando lweCancer Research .
Izinto zokuphila
Kukho izimbangela zesifo somhlaza wesisu esingaba kakuhle ekulawuleni kwakho ukujongana nobomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.
Ukubhema
Ucwaningo lwezenzululwazi luye lubonisa ukuba ukutshaya ugwayi kwandisa ithuba lokuba umntu abe nomhlaza wesisu. Enyanisweni, ukutshaya umsila ngumngcipheko omkhulu wokuvelisa umdlavuza wesibeleko kumazwe aseNtshona, ukubalwa malunga nama-50 ekhulwini kuwo onke amacala.
Kuhlalutyo lwabantu abangaphezu kwe-450,000, ababeshushu bokubhema i-cigarettes babesenokuba ngabaphindwe kabini ukuba banomdlavuza wesibeletho kunokuba bangabhemi. Kwaye, ababhemayo banamathuba amane okuba banomdlavuza wesibeleko. Abantu ababhema iipayipi okanye iicuba nabo bafumaneka engozini ophezulu wokuba nomhlaza wesisu, nangona ingozi yayincinci kunabo abatshaya umsila.
Nangona le ngxelo ixhasa indima ebalulekileyo yokudlala umsila wokubhema umsila wokufumana umhlaza wesisu, ikwabonisa ukuba ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wakho, nangona ungayikhupheli.
Ubungakanani kunye nokuba ngumntu obhemayo ixesha elide. Ngokwe- Urology, abantu ababenobumba obunzima babenomdlavuza ophezulu-onentsingiselo yeseli esabonakala ingaqhelekanga-kwisigaba esiphezulu-esichaza umdlavuza wawusasaze phambili-ngexesha lokuxilongwa, xa kuthelekiswa nalabo abazange bathe okanye babeshushu. (Ukubhema okukhulu kwachazwa njengeminyaka engama-30 okanye ngaphezulu yepakethi kunye nokubhema okukhanyayo kuchazwe njengeminyaka engaphantsi kwama-30 epakethi.)
Indlela echanekileyo yokubhema ukubhema i-cigarettes kudlala ekuphuhliseni ukukhula komhlaza wesantya. Oko kwathiwa, kukho i-carcinogens ezingaphezu kwama-60 kwidaka edibeneyo nomhlaza wesisu.
Izibonelelo
Ukuthatha imifuno yaseTshayina i- Aristolochia fangchi idibene nomngcipheko wokwanda komhlaza wesisu kunye namanye amachiza e-urinary tract system.
Ukungena kwamanzi
Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba abantu abavutha ngaphezulu (ngenxa yokuba batywala ngamanzi amaninzi) banomngcipheko omncinci womhlaza wesisu. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba ukwanda kwamanzi kunokunceda ukucima ama-carcinogens kwi-bladder.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. Izinto zeengozi zengculaza. Meyi 2016.
> Freedman ND, Silverman DT, Hollenbeck AR, Schatzkin A, Abnet CC. Umbutho phakathi kokutshaya kunye nomngcipheko womhlaza wesisu phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini. JAMA . 2011; 306 (7): 737-45.
> Jiang X, Yuan JM, i-Skipper PL, i-Tannenbaum SR, i-Yu MC. Umsi wocuba nomsi womngcipheko wesifo somhlaza ongasayi kubhema abantu baseLos Angeles County. Cancer Res. 2007; 67 (15): 7540-5.
> McNeil, B. (2011). Amanyathelo okuQala-Ndiye ndafumanisa i-Cancer Cancer. EGonzalgo ML (Ed), Isikhokelo soMonde kwiCladder Cancer (1-9). EMassachusetts: uJones noBartlett Abapapashi.
> Pietzak EJ, Mucksavage P, Guzzo TJ, Malkowicz SB. Ukutshaya ugwayi kunye nomdlavuza onomlingo wesibindi ekuqaleni. Urology . 2015; 86 (5): 968-72.