Izinketho zoLawulo lweeBones eziqhekekileyo
Amathambo aphuhliweyo yenye yezona zonyango eziqhelekileyo zomzimba. Iifractures zidinga unyango olunokuba lulula nje njengokuphumla, okanye njengongenayo njengophando. Kukho imimandla emininzi ekufuneka iqwalaselwe ukuba icwangcise unyango olufanelekileyo kakhulu lwenthambo ephukile kuquka:
- Indawo yesazi ephukile
- Ukulungelelaniswa kwephuka
- Ulindelo lomonde
Eminye yezonyango eziqhekeza ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezichazwe rhoqo apha zichazwe apha.
Ukuchithwa kwempahla
Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokulawulwa kwephulwa lukhunjulwa. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokungafihli kwezinto ezibandakanya ukugqithisa, i-braces, i-casts, i-slings, nabanye.
Ukuchithwa kwempembelelo yindlela eqhelekileyo apho izinto (ngokuqhelekileyo iplasta okanye i-fiberglass) zihlanganiswe malunga nomxhesho owonzakeleyo kwaye zivunyelwe ukuba zinzima. Amatyala afika kwinani elingenamkhawulo lemilo kunye nobukhulu kwaye afune unonophelo olululo .
Amaqhekeza athathwe ngokuchithwa kufuneka alungelelanise ngokwaneleyo ukuvumela ukuphilisa ngemiphumo emihle. Ukuba ukulungelelaniswa kwephuka akuvumelekanga, kuya kufuneka unyango olungaphezulu.
Ukunciphisa (Ukuhlaziya) i-Broken Bone
Inkqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukunciphisa i-fracture , okanye ukunciphisa i-fracture , kungenelelo ukuze kulungelelanise amathambo aphukile. Ukunciphisa i-fracture kunokwenziwa njengokunciphisa ukuvalwa (ukungabikho kwemali) okanye ukunciphisa okuvulekile (ukuhlinzwa).
Ukunciphisa ukuvalwa okuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ngokubonelela nge-anesthetic yendawo kwindawo ephukile ithambo okanye i- anesthesia jikelele , elandelwa yindlela ethile yokuzama ukuzama ukuguqula amathambo aphukile. Emva kokunciphisa ivaliweyo, i-splint or cast will be applied to hold the bones in the alignment.
Utyando
Utyando luhlobo oludala lokulawulwa kwephuko olusetyenziswa kakhulu ngaphantsi namhlanje. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko ezithile apho i-traction ingaba yindlela yokwenza unyango kakhulu.
Utyalo lubandakanya ukudonsa ngokukhawuleza komda wokudibanisa amathambo. Ngokuqhelekileyo iipini zensimbi zifakwa kwithambo kwicala elikude leqhekeza, oku kuthiwa yi-traction skeletal. Iintambo kunye neesisindo zifakwe kwiphonji ukuze zitshintshe ngobumnene iinqanawa zethambo ukulungelelaniswa.
I-skin traction yinto efana nayo, kodwa esikhundleni sokuba iphoyinti ifakwe kwisithambo, ukulandelelana kukutshatyalaliswa ngaphandle ngaphandle. I-traction yesikhumba ayikwazi ukudonsa ngamandla amaninzi njengengxube ye-skeletal, ngoko ke ukuba i-traction isetyenziselwa ngaphezu kwexesha elincinci, ngokuqhelekileyo ukulandelwa kwe-squelet is favorable.
Iiphini
Iiphini zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuzinzisa amathambo amancinci (izandla kunye nesandla, umzekelo) xa ukunciphisa okuvaliweyo kungasetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukulungelelaniswa, kodwa ukuphosa akunakwaneli ukubamba amathambo endaweni.
Izipongo zifakwe ngokusesikhumbeni kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukunciphisa okuvaliweyo nge-pinning percutaneous (CRPP). Izikhonkwane zifakwe kwigumbi lokusebenza, kodwa ziyakususwa ngokusesikweni kwiofisi yakho yonyango kwaye akukho nto iphazamisekile kwiinkqubo ezininzi zokususa ipini. Ukuba kukho ukungathandeki, ukususwa kungenziwa kwigumbi lokusebenza.
Ukulungiswa kwangaphandle
Ukulungiswa kwangaphandle kusetyenziswa izikhonkwane ezifaka isikhumba kodwa zibanjwe ngaphandle komzimba kunye nesakhelo sokugcina ukulungelelaniswa. Ukulungiswa kwangaphandle kuyindlela enhle kakhulu enokukhathazeka kakhulu njengoko kunokusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza, kunokutshintshwa njengoko kuyimfuneko, kwaye bavumela ukufikelela kwesikhumba kunye namanxeba amancinci. Ukulungiswa kwangaphandle kudla ngokusetyenziswa ngamaqhekeza avulekileyo .
Ukulungiswa kwangaphandle kunokuba luncedo xa kukho ukuvuvukala okuphawulekayo okwenza ukuba utyando lube yingozi. Ngokukhupha isikhashana ukuphuka, ukuvuvukala kuya kuphucula, kwaye ukulungiswa kwangaphakathi kunokuqwalaselwa ngexesha elizayo.
UkuNcitshiswa okuVulekileyo kunye nokuQinisekiswa kwangaphakathi
Ukuncitshiswa okuvulekileyo kuthetha ukuvula i-site ye-fracture, ukulungelelanisa iziqhekeza zethambo, uze uzibambe endaweni. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwendlela yokulungisa yangaphakathi iiplati zetsimbi kunye nezikrini, nangona kukho izixhobo ezininzi ezingasetyenziselwa ukuzinzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zentlaka.
Ukunciphisa ukuvulwa kunye nokulungiswa kwangaphakathi (ORIF) yonyango olukhethiweyo lwenani leentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeziqhekeza:
- Amaqhekeza athambekele ekutshintsheni ngokuchithwa
- Amaqhekeza angenakunyaniswa
- Amaqhekeza azungeze amalunga anomonakalo omkhulu ohlangeneyo
Ukuqaphela xa ukuphuka kufuneka kube nokutyunjwa kwisigqibo esinzima kufuneka sithathe ingqalelo kwiimpawu ezininzi eziquka uhlobo, indawo kunye nobukhulu bezinto eziqhekekileyo, kunye nokulindelwa kwesigulane. Kwezinye iimeko, ukufakelwa kwesinyithi kufuneka kususwe emva komhla.
Intrameduallary Rodding
I-intramedullary (IM) rodding iyinkqubo yokucwangcisa ukuzinzisa ithambo ephukile ngokufaka intonga yesinyithi kwinqanawa elisemngxondeni. Le nxalenye yethambo (apho umongo wethambo) ungasetyenziselwa ukubamba intonga kwaye uvumele ukuhamba kwentshukumo kunye nokuthwala ubunzima.
I-rodding ye-IM ngokuqhelekileyo yonyango olukhethiweyo lwamaqhekeza angaphantsi kwamaxesha amade angasondelene namalungu (amathambo aphela). Kule meko, izigulane ziyakwazi ukuqhubeka zihamba ngokukhawuleza kunezinye iintlobo zonyango lokuphulwa.