Ukuba unesifo sikashukela se-2 , mhlawumbi sele uyazi ukuba indlela yokuphila enempilo-kuquka ukutya, ukuzivocavoca nokulawulwa kwisisindo - yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yonyango lwakho. Kwakhona unokufuna ukuthatha imithi yomlomo, nokuba isicatshulwa esinye okanye udibaniso lwamachiza. Ukuba uhlobo lwakho lweswekile lwesifo sikashukela alulawulwa kakuhle kumachiza omlomo, unokufuna ukuthatha i-insulin.
I-Insulin isebenza njani?
I-insulin inceda ukugcina izinga lakho leswekile legazi ngaphakathi kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo ngokuhambisa i-glucose egazini lakho kwiiseli zomzimba wakho. Iiseli zakho zisebenzisa i-glucose yamandla. Abantu abangenayo isifo sikashukela benza inani elichanekileyo le-insulin.
Ukuba unesifo sikashukela se-2, unokukwazi ukulawula amanqanaba akho e-insulini kunye neshukela legazi kunye nemithi yomlomo . Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu abanesifo sikashukela se-2 abanakukwazi ukulawula iswekile yegazi ngomlomo ngamachiza omlomo kuphela kwaye kufuneka babe ne-insulin injections kwonyango.
Ndiyithatha njani i-insulin?
Uya kufuneka ufunde indlela yokuzifaka nge-insulin, enokufuna ukuba uthathe enye okanye ngaphezulu kwamaxesha ngosuku. Ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi wesifo sikashukela unokukunceda ukuba wenze isigqibo sokuba iyiphi indlela yokuthatha i-insulin kukulungele kwaye iya kukufundisa indlela yokuzifaka ngayo .
Ukuthatha iilenki. Uya kuzinika izibhamu usebenzisa inaliti kunye nesirinji. Ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi uya kukubonisa indlela yokufumana ixabiso elichanekileyo le-insulin kwisirinji nendlela yokuyifaka phantsi kwesikhumba sakho.
Abanye abantu basebenzisa ipeni ye-insulin, ebonakala ngathi ipeni kodwa inesaliti yendawo yayo kwaye ikhethwe ngexabiso elichanekileyo le-insulin.
Ukusebenzisa injector jet injector. Le fowuni, ebonakala ngathi ipeni enkulu, ithumela i-spray insulin efanelekileyo ngesikhumba sakho nge-high-pressure air esikhundleni senaliti.
Ukusebenzisa ipompo ye-insulin. Ipompo ye-insulin ngumshishini omncinci onokuwugqoka ngaphandle komzimba wakho kwibhande okanye kwi-pocket. Umpompo uqhagamshela kwiphubhu encinci yeplastiki kunye nenaliti encinci efakwe phantsi kwesikhumba sakho kwaye uhlala kwiintsuku eziliqela. Umatshini uphampa i-insulin ngokusebenzisa ityhubhu emzimbeni wakho.
Ndifanele Ndithathe Nini I-insulini?
Ugqirha wakho uya kukuphakamisa ishedyuli kuwe ekwazisa nini kwaye ingakanani i-insulin engayithatha. Ishedyuli yakho iya kuxhomekeka kukuphi uhlobo lwe-insulin oyisebenzisayo kunye nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla, kubandakanywa xa udla ukutya kwakho kunye nendlela osebenzisa ngayo.
Abanye abantu abanesifo sikashukela se-2 abathatha imithi yomlomo bangadinga kuphela iipilisi enye ye-insulin nganye ngosuku. Abanye bangadinga i-insulin injections ezimbini, ezintathu, okanye ezine ngeentsuku zokufikelela kwiithagethi ze-glucose.
Ziziphi iintlobo ze-insulini ezikhoyo?
Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-insulin lusebenza kwijubane ehlukile. Iindidi ezahlukileyo ze-insulin ziyahluka njani ukuba zisebenza kangakanani emzimbeni wakho.
Ngokomzekelo, i-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza iqala ukusebenza emva kwemizuzu engama-15 emva kokuyithatha kwaye isebenza malunga neeyure ezintathu ukuya kwiiyure. I-insulin esebenza ixesha elide iqala ukusebenza emva kweyure enye emva kokuba uyithatha kwaye isebenza malunga neeyure ezingama-24. Abanye abantu abane-type 2 yeswekile bafuna ezimbini okanye ezininzi iintlobo ze-insulini ukufikelela kwiithagethi ze-glucose.
Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-insulin lunokuqala, inqanaba lexesha elide.
- Ukuqala kukuba i-insulin iqala ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza ukuthoba ishukela legazi emva kokuba uyijobe.
- Ingqungquthela yilexesha i-insulin isebenza kona nzima kunciphisa ushukela wegazi.
- Ubungakanani ixesha elide lokugcina i-insulin emzimbeni wakho - ubuninzi bexesha lihlala linciphisa ishukela legazi lakho.
Ngenxa yokuba umntu ngamnye onesifo sikashukela se-2 uhlukile, ukuqala kwexesha, ukuphakama kwexesha kunye nexesha elide lingase lihluke. Iqela lakho lononophelo lwezempilo le-diabethe liya kusebenza nawe ukuza nesicwangciso se-insulin esilungele wena.
Ezi zilandelayo zizinye zeentlobo ze-insulini eziqhelekileyo:
I-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza
Ukusekwa: imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kwe-15
Inqanaba eliphakamileyo: imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwi-90
Ixesha: 3 ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-5
U mzekelo:
- I-Apidra (i-insulin glulisine)
- I-Humalog (i-insulin lispro)
- I-NovoLog (insulin aspart)
I-insulin ekwi-short-acting
Ukusetyenzwa: imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwangama-60
I-Peak: iiyure ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4
Ixesha: 5 ukuya kwiiyure eziyi-8
U mzekelo:
- I-Humulin R (i-insulin rhoqo)
- I-Novolin R (i-insulin rhoqo)
I-insulin esebenza phakathi
Ukusekwa: 1 ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-3
I-Peak: iiyure eziyi-8
Ubude bexesha: i-12 ukuya kwi-16 iiyure, kodwa inokuhlala ixesha elide iiyure ezingama-24
U mzekelo:
- I-Humulin N (i-NPH insulin)
- I-Novolin N (i-NPH insulin)
I-insulin ende ende
Ukusekwa: 1 iyure
Intaba: akukho niselo
Ixesha elide: 20 ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-26
U mzekelo:
- Lantus (insulin glargine)
- I-Levemir (insulin detemir) (eli nyanga lixhomekeke kwimizi ukuze lihlale lide nje ngeeyure ezingama-6)
I-insulin engaphambi kokuxutywa
Ekubeni abanye abantu abanesifo sikashukela kufuneka bathathe iindidi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ze-insulin ukulawula iswekile yegazi, ukuxutywa kwe-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuba i-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza okanye i-insulin engamafutshane ifumaneka.
Ukusetyenzwa: imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kwangama-60
Intloko: ihluka
Ixesha elide: 10 ukuya kwi-16 iiyure
U mzekelo:
- I-Humalog 50/50 (50% esebenza ngokukhawulezileyo + 50% esebenza ngokukhawuleza)
- I-Humalog 75/25 (i-75% esebenza ngokukhawuleza + 25% esebenza ngokukhawuleza)
- I-Humulin 50/50 (i-50% esebenza ngokukhawulezileyo + 50% ibambe i-short-acting)
- I-Humulin 70/30 (i-70% esebenza ngokukhawulezileyo + 30%
- I-Novolin 70/30 (i-70% esebenza ngokukhawuleza + 30% i-short acting-acting)
- I-NovoLog 70/30 (i-70%-esebenza ngokukhawuleza + 30% esebenza ngokukhawuleza)
Ziziphi iimpembelelo zecandelo le-Insulin?
Iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo ze-insulin ziquka:
- i-blood glucose ephantsi (i-hypoglycemia)
- ukutyeba kwakho
Ukudibaniswa kwe-insulin kunye nemithi yomlomo eyenziwa ukunyanga i-type 2 yeswekile iphakamisa umngcipheko we-ushukela wegazi ophantsi ngakumbi xa usebenzise okungaphezulu kwexesha eliqhelekileyo okanye ukuba unqabile, ulibazise okanye udlile kakhulu.
Ilungu leqela lakho le-diabetes liza kuphinda lihlolisise iimpawu zeshukela eliphantsi kwegazi kunye nawe kwaye liya kukufundisa malunga nezinto omele uyenze xa ushukela wegazi lakho liphantsi kakhulu.
Kwinqaku lokugqibela, ukuba uthatha i-insulin yesifo sikashukela, unokufuna ukuqwalasela ukusebenzisa iteknoloji entsha ebizwa ngokuba yi-monitoring glucose (CGM). Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantu abathabatha i-insulin yohlobo lwe-2 (okanye udidi lwe-1) isifo sikashukela kufuneka benze amanyathelo amaninzi angabonakaliyo xa ehlaselwa yimihla yokuvavanya amazinga e-blood glucose. I-CGM iyisisitshixo esixhaswayo esoloko sigcina i-blood glucose ngaphandle kwemfuneko yamanqwanqwa amaninzi eminwe yansuku zonke. Nangona kunjalo, phakathi kwamathathu kunye neminwe eminwe eminwe kuyadingeka ukuba ulinganise umatshini.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-CGM kuya kunceda ukulandelela igazi lakho kwizinga le-glucose ngexesha apho ungaqhelekanga ukujonga iinqwelo zeglucose zegazi lakho, njengexesha lokulala okanye xa usebenzisa. Ukusebenzisa olu lwazi, ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukuguqula amayeza akho e-insulin ukuze ubonise kangcono iimfuno zakho kwaye unikeze ulawulo olungcono lwe-glycemic. I-CGM icetyiswa yimibutho eyahlukileyo ye-diabetes kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ihlanganiswa yinshuwalense. Ukuba unomdla, nceda ucele ugqirha wakho malunga neCGM.
Imithombo
Ukuqapha kweGlucose eqhubekayo. www.niddk.nih.gov.
Imithi yeSwekile. I-National Clearinghouse yoLwazi lweSizwe. Septemba 2006. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/diabetes-medicines