Ukuba ufunda le nqaku, mhlawumbi sele uyayazi ukuba i-virus yeZika, eyasasazwa yizinyoyi, ixhunywe kwimeko ye-microcephaly cases eBrazil. Abaninzi abasetyhini abakhulelweyo abanesifo sengculaza beZika baya kuba neentsana ezinamakhanda amancinci, okanye i-microcephaly, kunye nomonakalo ophezulu wengqondo.
Ngoku sibona abantu abanesifo segciwane leZika baya kuhlakulela i- Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), nayo.
I-GBS idla ngokusesikweni kunye nesifo esingaqhelekanga sesifo se-neurolotiki esibangela ukuba ubuthathaka beengalo nemilenze. Inqabile kwiimeko ezininzi, i-GBS ayiboni ikhandlela kwi-microcephaly, eyona nto ibaluleke ngakumbi; nangona kunjalo, i-GBS iyingozi yaye ingabikho nto ibangelwa kukufa ngenxa yokukhubazeka ngokuphefumula.
Yintoni i-GBS?
I-Guillain-Barré syndrome iphazamisa inkqubo yentsholongwane yomhlaba kwaye ihlala ikhula kumntu malunga neveki ezintathu emva kokusuleleka kwintsholongwane; I-GBS iyakwenzeka kwakhona emva kwe-inoculation (ugonyo), utyando, okanye usulelo lwebhaktheriya, ikakhulukazi i- Campylobacter jejuni enteritis (i-AKA yokutya ityhefu).
Nangona singenakucacisa indlela eyiyo ye-GBS, sicinga ukuba ukukhubazeka kwesi sifo kuhlaselwa ngumzimba, oko kuchaza ukuba kutheni abantu abafumana ukuhlambalaza amajoni abo omzimba, njengentsholongwane yangaphambili, basengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa oku kugula.
Iimpawu
Ngokukodwa, i-GBS yinto enzima okanye i-polybiologypathy ephambili ye-pobacute, ebonisa ngokungafaniyo kubantu abahlukeneyo.
Esi sifo kubangela ubuthakathaka obuqhele ukubonisa ngokubanzi, okanye kwiindawo zomzimba wakho kude kunomxholo wakho njengemilenze yakho. Olu buthathaka luya kunyuka luchaphazela iingalo kunye nobuso.
Iimpawu zikhoyo ngokulinganayo (cinga imilenze yomibini okanye iingalo). Olu buthathaka lwenza kube nzima ukuhamba nokuhamba. Ukongezelela, i-GBS ingabangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwaye iphazamise indlela oziva ngayo izinto.
Ukongezelela ekubangela ubuthathaka kunye neentsilelo zengqondo, i-GBS ingabangela ukuphazamiseka okuzimeleyo, apho kwiimeko ezinqabileyo zisongela ubomi. Ezi ziphazamiso ezizimeleyo zingathintela izinga lentliziyo, isithandwa senhliziyo, ukukhupha, ukuphefumla kunye nokulawula i-sphincter. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iingxaki zokuphefumula ezibangelwa yi-GBS zingakhokelela ekulahlekeni kobomi. Ekugqibeleni, i-GBS ingaphazamisa imisipha yakho yokuhlafuna nokugwinya.
Ngokubanzi, i-GBS ayiyonto engahlaziyiyo kwaye ngezinye izigulane.
Ukuxilongwa
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ugqirha uya kukhankanya i-GBS xa isigulane sibonisa ubuthathaka kunye neentsilelo ezilandelayo emva kokusuleleka, ukuhlinzwa okanye njalo. Ngaloo ndlela, imbali yonyango ibaluleke ngakumbi xa kuhlolwa i-GBS. Kwimeko yokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ngaphezu kokuphazamiseka kwemizwa kunye nokuhamba kweemoto, i-tendon reflexes engavamile. Ngokumalunga nokuvavanya uvavanyo, izifundo zokuqhuba iimbilini, kunye nokuhlalutya kwe-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), kunokuqashwa. (Nayiphi na utshintsho kwi-protein ye-protein ye-CSF, ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane, kuthatha iiveki ezimbalwa ukubonisa.)
Unyango
Abantu abane-GBS kufuneka bafune uncedo lwezonyango kunye nonyango. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukulaliswa esibhedlele yinto efanelekileyo kwaze kwaba yilapho usongelo lokuphefumula okuphefumulayo luye lwadlula.
Izinyathelo ezininzi zokwelapha ze-GBS zikhoyo kuquka ezi zilandelayo:
- Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye nee-pressors (amayeza asetyenziswa ukuphakamisa uxinzelelo lwegazi) asetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-hypotension, okanye ingozi ephantsi yegazi
- I-Heparin , igazi elincinci, linokunikwa ukunciphisa amathuba okumbumba kwamapulmoni;
- Intravenous immunoglobulin
- Plasmapheresis
- Unyango lokuphefumula
Ingqalelo, unyango lwe-prednisone, okanye unyango lwe-steroid, lunokwandisa ixesha lokubuyisela kunye neyeza kunye ne-prednisone kufuneka igwenywe.
Kulabo abaneengxaki zokuphefumla ezivela kwi-GBS, hlala kwi-ICU ivumelekile nge-mechanical ventilation yokuxhasa ukuphefumula.
Prognosis
Ngethamsanqa, abaninzi abantu abahla nge-GBS bafumana ukufumana ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, malunga neepesenti ezingama-20 zabantu abane-GBS bafumana uhlobo oluthile lokukhubazeka kokuhlala. Ukongezelela, malunga neepesenti ezi-3 zabantu abane-GBS baya kubuyela kwixesha elizayo.
Kwinqaku lokugqibela, i-virus yeZika ingabonwa ngeparallax. Ukusuka kwimbono yabantu, i-Zika virus isongelo esele idibaniswe nemiphumo eyingozi kakhulu yeziphene zokuzalwa kunye nesiphumo esibi kakhulu se-GBS.
> Imithombo:
IPadakis MA, McPhee SJ. Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Ku: Papadakis MA, McPhee SJ. eds. Ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza kwezoNyango kunye noNyango 2016 . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2016.