Debunking Inkolelo eziqhelekileyo malunga neSulfa Drug Reactions
I-sulfa isifo sengqondo sisetyenziselwa ukuchaza impendulo engalunganga kweziyobisi kwi-sulphonamides, iklasi leziyobisi ezibandakanya zombini i-antibiotics kunye ne-antibiotics.
Kukho ukungaqondi okungaqhelekanga ukuba zonke izidakamizwa ze-sulfonamide zinokubangela ukungabikho komzimba, kodwa oku akunjalo ngokupheleleyo. I-antibiyotic sulfonamides (esetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo zentsholongwane ye-bacteria) inokuthi ibangele indlela yokuphendula ngayo ngaphandle kwe-nonbiobiotics.
Nangona zonke iziyobisi zinakho ukubangela ukungabikho komzimba, i-antibiotic sulfonamide ayimithombo encinane.
Sibanzi
Kwimeko amaninzi, umntu onesifo sulfa ayeza kuba nesisombululo sokumelana nesinye sezidakamizwa ezilandelayo:
- Septra (sulfamethoxazole kunye ne-trimethoprim)
- I-Bactrim (sulfamethoxazole kunye ne-trimethoprim)
- Pediazole (erythromycin kunye ne-sulfafurazole)
Ezi mpendulo azikho konke ezingaqhelekanga kwaye zichaphazela malunga neepesenti ezintathu zabantu bonke. Eli lizinga elifana noko kubonakala ngezinye iintlobo ze-antibiotic, kuquka ne- penicillin .
Abantu abathile babonakala bengengozini ephezulu ye-sulfa yokunyuka kwamanye amazwe kunabanye. Ezi zibandakanya abantu abathi, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, ukuxilisa isilwanyana ngokukhawuleza okanye babe ne-immune system (abaxhamli bezityalo kunye nabantu abane-HIV).
Iimpawu
Iimpawu kunye nobunzima be-sulfa-allergies ziyakwazi ukuhluka kodwa zibandakanya ukubonakala kwe-rash ephakamileyo.
Imisipha kunye nobutha obukhanyayo (i- photosensitivity ) ziqhelekile.
Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ukuqubuka kwe-rash kunokuhamba kunye nokuvuvukala ubuso, izandla, inyawo kunye nolwimi (olubizwa nge- angioedema ). Oku kudla ngokuba ngumshumbisi wokuba usongela ubomi, iziganeko zomzimba wonke ezibizwa ngokuba yi- Stevens-Johnson syndrome kunye nesifo se-epidermal necrolysis .
Ezi zombini iimeko zibonakaliswa ngokugqithisa okukhulu kwesikhumba kunye nokufa okukhawulezayo kwenyama.
Okunye ukubonakaliswa okubonakalayo kwe-sulfa-allergies kuquka:
- Ukulimala kwesibindi, obonakaliswe ukuphuhliswa kwesifo somzimba
- Ukulimala kweentso okanye ukuhluleka
- I-pneumonia-njengokugula okuphefumulayo
- I-Vasculitis , ukunyanzelwa kwemithambo yegazi kunye nokuhamba kwegazi
Kubalulekile ukuthabatha ngokugqithisileyo ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi nantoni na kungakhathaliseki ukuba kubumnene kangakanani. Kwezinye iimeko, ukusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo kweziyobisi ze-sulfa kunokuguqula ukukhawuleza okubalulekileyo kwisiganeko esisongela ubomi.
Ukuxilongwa
Akukho ligazi okanye uvavanyo lwesikhumba olutholakalayo ukufumanisa i-sulfa. Ukuxilongwa kwenzelwa ngokupheleleyo kwimbonakalo yeempawu ezihambelana nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ze-sulfonamide.
Unyango
Ukuthetha ngokuqhelekileyo, umgca wokuqala wonyango lwe-sulfa isifo somzimba ukupheliswa kwesilwanyana esityholweyo.
Unyango lwonyango olungxamisekileyo lunokufuneka kubantu abaneempawu ze-Stevens-Johnson syndrome okanye i-epidermal necrolysis enetyhefu. Oku kuya kubandakanya ukulaliswa kwezibhedlele, ukungena kwamanzi kunye nokungenelela okufanayo xa kusetyenziswa ukutshisa okukhulu.
Kwiimeko ezinzima apho izidakamizwa ze-sulfa zibhekwa njengento ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni unyango, amanani amancinci anganikwa kwaye ngokunyuka anyuke njengoko isilwanyana sinyamezeleke.
Oku kufuna ukuba uhlolwe ngumntu ongenayo yonke into eyenziwa kwiziganeko ezinobungozi.
Amachiza Okugwemayo
Abantu abane-sulfa ye-allergies kufuneka bahlale bejonga ngogqirha wabo ngaphambi kokuba baqale amachiza amatsha. Oku kuyinyani ngokukhethekileyo kulabo baye bafumana impendulo engaphambili.
Ukongeza kwimithi ye-antibiotic yomlomo, i-topical sulfonamides kufuneka ikhutshwe kuquka:
- I-sulfacetamide iliso lamaconsi, i-shampoos, okanye i-creams
- I-Silver sulfadiazine amafutha okusetyenziswa ukutshisa
- I-Sulfanilamide isilungiselelo samanzi
Ngokufanayo, izidakamizwa zomlomo i- Azulfidine (sulfasalazine) , ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo zesifo sesisu kunye nesifo se-rheumatoid arthritis, kufuneka sigwenywe.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umngcipheko we-cross-reactivity kwi-antibiotic sulfonamide iphantsi. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngokukhuselekileyo ukuthatha izibisi ezilandelayo:
- I-Diuretics (iipilisi zamanzi) ezifana neHCTZ (i-hydrochlorothiazide) kunye neLasix (furosemide)
- I-Oral sulfonylureas-isiqhelo seziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sikashukela
- I-Celebrex (celecoxib), i-COX-2 inhibitor esetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-arthritis nentlungu
I-Sulfite neSulfate Allergies
Abantu baya kuhlala bephosa i-sulfa-allergies ye- sulfite- allergies, eyokugqibela ehambelana nemilondolozo efumaneka ekudleni kunye neyeza. Ezi zibandakanya amanxeba okulondolozwa njengalokhu:
- Sulfite sodium
- Bisulfite sodium
- Metabisulfite sodium
- Potassium bisulfite
- Metassium metabisulfite
Nangona i-sulfites ingabangela ukungabikho komzimba , akukho ulwalamano oluchanekileyo phakathi kwe-sulfa kunye ne-sulfite. Ngaloo ndlela, umntu one-sulfa allergies ayifuni ukuphepha i-sulfites (okanye i-vice versa).
Kuyafana nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi eziqukethe i-sulfuric acid ebizwa ngokuba yi- sulfates . Njengoko i-sulfites, i-sulfates ingabangela ukungabi nantoni, kodwa iziyobisi azixhamli nxamnye ne-sulfonamides okanye i-sulfa-ingozi yokungena emzimbeni. Ezi ziquka amachiza njengoko:
- I-Albuterol sulfate esetyenziselwa ukuphuluza i-sponms spasms
- I-iron sulfate esetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-anemia ye-iron deficiency
- I-sondate i-Chondroitin esetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-osteoarthritis
- I-Codeine sulfate, isilwanyana se-opioid esisetyenziselwa ukukhululeka kwentlungu
ILizwi
Imiba ye-sulfa isifo somzimba singaba lukhuni ukukhupha ngaphandle kwababoneleli bezempilo. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho malunga naluphi na uphendulo oluphambi kwakho oluye lwaba neyeza le-sulfa (okanye nayiphina isilwanyana kuloo nto).
Ngokwenza njalo, ugqirha wakho uya kukwazi ukufumana indawo engafanelekanga yokubangela ukungabikho komzimba.
> Imithombo:
> IQela eliSebenzayo loMsebenzi kwiParameters Practice, et al. "Ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa: I-parameter yovavanyo ehlaziyiweyo." Ann Annistry Asthma Immunol. 2010; 105 (4): 259-73. INGXELO: 10.1016 / j.anai.2010.08.002.
> Wulf, N. kunye noMatuszewski, K. "Sulfonamide cross-reactivity: ingaba kukho ubungqina bokuxhasa uxhaphalo olubanzi?" IJ Health Syst Pharm . 2013 Septemba 1; 70 (17): 1483-94. INGXELO: 10.2146 / ajhp120291.
> Zawodniak, A .; Lochmatter, P .; Beeler, A. et al. " Ukuguqulwa kwamanzi kwi-drug hypersensitive response to sulfasalazine kunye ne-sulfamethoxazole." Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2010; 153 (2): 152-6. INGXELO: 10.1159 / 000312632.