Inxalenye Eyona Yona Yabantu Yobunongo?
I-lobes yangaphambili yimimandla yengqondo ecinga ukuba ilawula ezininzi izinto ezenza sibe ngabantu. Enyanisweni, lo mmandla ubukhulu kakhulu kubantu kunabanye izilwanyana. Kwakhona kuthatha ixesha elide kunokukhula, kunye nokuphuhliswa kwandisa umntu osemdala.
Imisebenzi ye-lobes yangaphambili ibandakanya ukubambelela kwingcamango kwaye ukuvumela le ngcamango ikhokelele ukuziphatha kwethu kwixesha elizayo.
I-lobes yangaphambili isinceda sibekwe iinjongo kunye nemisebenzi yethu, ukukhetha phakathi kwezenzo ezifanelekileyo, ukukhusela iimpendulo ezingamkelekanga kunye nezimpendulo kwaye uqinisekise ubudlelwane phakathi kwezinto kunye nemiqondo.
Kukho izigaba ezimbini eziphambili ze-lobes zangaphambili: i-cortex kunye nemimandla ephambili. I-cortex iqukethe imizimba yamaseli enyongwane elele ngqo kwindawo yengqondo. Ezi iiseli zixubana kunye neenkqubo ezinjenge-long-like like axons. Ezinye i-axons ziphonsa ngaphakathi kwingqondo, apho zixubusha khona nezakhiwo ezisondeleyo kwingqondo yengqondo.
Phakathi kwezakhiwo ezikufuphi kwinqanaba leengqondo ziindawo eziphambili, ezicingelwa ukuba zihambelana neemvakalelo, imisebenzi kunye nokuqhuba. Oku kuqhathaniswa neziqingqi zengqungquthela ezicingelwa ukuba ziyinkimbinkimbi, kwaye zisenza ukuba sicinge. Ngokubambisana, i-cortex kunye nokuhlukana kwe-lobe ye-lobes yangaphambili ivumela ukuba senze imisebenzi ephakathi kwendlela esizicingayo ngayo.
Ukubeka Imisebenzi
Ngokungafani nezilwanyana ezisabela ngokuzenzekelayo kwizinto eziphambi kwabo, abantu banako ukuceba kwangaphambili. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka sikwazi ukubamba ulwazi engqondweni yethu. Ngaphandle koko, siya kuhlala siyilibale into esacinga ngayo. Oku kubanjwa kolwazi, nangona kubhekene nokuphazamiseka, kwenzeka kwingingqi ye-ventrolater ye-correx ye-prefrontal.
I-cororsx ye-quartersolateral prefrontal iyakwazi ukulawula ulwazi ukwenzela ukwenza isicwangciso.
UkuQala nokuPhatha umsebenzi
Izakhiwo kwindawo ephakathi kunye nengaphambili yengqondo (izakhiwo zangaphambili) zicingelwa ukuqhuba ukuziphatha. Ukuba le mimandla ibonakaliswe, umntu unokulahlekelwa yiyo yonke into enokuyenza kwanomsebenzi olula . Oku kwaziwa ngokuba yi- abulia okanye i-akinetic mutism kwiimeko ezimbi.
Umsebenzi wokubeka esweni
I-corbit i-orbitofrontal icwangcisa kwaye ikulindela imilinganiselo yomvuzo wempawu, izinto kunye nokukhetha. Ngokomzekelo, lo mmandla ungasinceda ukuba sinqume ukuba kukho into enokubangela ukusilimaza okanye ukulimaza kwikamva. I-cortex ye-orbitofrontal ye-medibitofrontal icingelwa ukuba iphendule kwimbuyekezo kunye ne-coralx ye-orbitofrontal cortex ukuze ijeziswe. Ummandla osondelene nomva wengqondo (emva kokugqithisa) ukhonkco ngakumbi - le nxalenye enokuthi ibone ngokukhawuleza ukubaluleka kweemeko zekhekhelethi njengento ehlwabisayo kwaye enqwenelekayo. Iingxenye ze-cortex ye-orbitofrontal ezikufutshane nengaphambili yengqondo (yangaphakathi) zijongene neminye imivuzo engabonakaliyo, njengemali enokuya ekuthengeni ikhekhe le-chocolate.
Ukulindela nokubeka iliso kwi-Stimuli
I-cortex yangaphambili ye-cingulate inceda ukugcina imiqondiso yeza ezivela kwihlabathi langaphandle kunye nengqondo yethu nomzimba.
Nantoni na engalindelekanga inokubangela ukuqhutyelwa okungeziwe ngaphambi kokuba uphendule. Ngokomzekelo, kwisivivinyo esidumileyo seStroop, uluhlu lwamagama aluhlaza luboniswa. Ubuqhetseba kukuba igama elithi "obomvu" lingashicilelwa kumbala ohlaza. Umntu othabatha uvavanyo lweStroop uxelwa ukuba angawuthobeli igama elibhalwayo aze athi umbala. Ukukhetha ngokucophelela kwaye kugxininise kwimiba enye yelizwe elingaphandle kufuna ukuba kusetyenziswe indawo yangaphambili.
Umgaqo Wemvakalelo
I-corbitx ye-orbitofrontal ibonisa umsebenzi owandisiweyo xa umntu elawula iimvakalelo zabo. Oku kuhambelana nomsebenzi kwi-amygdala.
Ukulimala kwi-corbitx ye-orbitofrontal iholele ekukhuseleni nokuziphatha ngokungacingi, njengoko kubonwe kwimeko eyaziwayo kaPineas Gage.
Ukuphendula ukutshintsha kwiSalience
Ubungqina bubungakanani bokuba luleke kangakanani kwaye luchaphazeleka ngumbonakaliso othile kuwe ngethuba elithile. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ulambile, iqhekeza lekhekhelethi lilingene. Emva kokutya isiqingatha sekhekhe, ukulungeleka kwelokhekhe iinguqu. Ukuqaphela ukubaluleka kwengcezu yolwazi, ingqondo kufuneka iququzelele ngokukhawuleza iimpawu zengqondo, ezibonakalayo kunye nezizimelayo. Inethiwekhi yentsimbi ibandakanya i-insula kunye nenxalenye ye-cortex yangaphambili e sinceda sinike izinto ezinentsingiselo.
Ukuguquka
Abantu banako ukukhetha okufuneka siwaqwalasele. Oku kuthetha, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko, ingqalelo yethu ingashintsha ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo kwindawo yethu.
Inethiwekhi yokunakekelwa kwe-ventral iquka iinxalenye zomgangatho ophakathi kunye nezantsi kunye ne-gyrus yangaphambili kunye ne-cororx ye-temporoparietal. Oku kusinceda ukuba sijonge into ethile ngokukhawuleza, nangona iphazamisa injongo, kwaye isenza sikhethe isigqibo sokuba ngaba sifanele siqhubeke sigxininisa kwi-stimulus entsha okanye sibuyele emsebenzini.
Ulawulo oluLawulayo
Ubuchule be-lobes yangaphambili buya kubonakala njengokuba negalelo kwiiyiphi i-neurologists ezibiza "ulawulo olulawulayo." Oku kubonisa ukuba sikwazi ukulawula iimpendulo zethu kwimo esingqongileyo, kunokuba siphendule nantoni na phambi kwethu ngexesha.
Ulawulo oluLawulayo lusenza sihluze iziphazamiso ezisijikelezayo. Kwakhona kusenza sikwazi ukulawula oko sikucingayo, kwaye sitshintshe ingqwalasela yethu ngendlela ukuze singaphazanyiswa ziingcinga zethu. Ulawulo olulawulayo phezu kwemvakalelo lisivumela ukulawula indlela esibonakala ngayo kwabanye kwaye sizikhuthaze xa singashukunyiswa ngokuqhelekileyo. Ekugqibeleni, ukulawula okulawulayo kwinethiwekhi yemoto kusivumela ukuba sithume amehlo okanye sifinyelele into ethile.
Imithombo
Giedd, Jay N .; Blumenthal, J; UJeffries, Hayi; Castellanos, FX; Liu, H; Zijdenbos, A; Paus, T; Evans, AC et al. (Oktobha 1999). Uphuhliso lweBongo ngexesha lobuncinci kunye nobutsha: i-MRI study longitudinal ". Uhlobo lwe-Neuroscience 2 (10): 861-863.
RG Gross, M. Grossman; Izibonelelo eziPhezulu, ukuqhubeka nokuFunda kweeNew ye-Neurol 2010; 16 (4) iphe. 140-152.
Sollberger, M., Rankin, KP, & Miller, BL (2010). Ukuqatshelwa kwentlalo. Ukuqhubeka nokufunda i-Neurol yokuFunda yonke, 16 (4), 69-85.