Sibanzi
U-Abulia, owaziwa nangokuthi yi-aboulia, ngumgangatho wokunciphisa amandla. Ngokubanzi, i-abulia ibhekisela kuhlobo lokunganakwa oluqhubeka ngenxa yezifo, ngokuthe ngqo izifo ezichaphazela ingqondo. Abanye abantu abane-abulia bayayazi utshintsho kwinqanaba lokukhuthaza, kodwa kubonakala ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye kuphazamise abahlobo nabathandekayo.
Umntu obhekana ne-abulia angabonisa iimpawu ezivela kwizinto ezifihlakeleyo ukuya ekugqithiseni kumanqanaba obunzima, kunye nokuguquka (kungathethi) yindlela ephezulu kakhulu. U-Abulia udla ngokuqhelekileyo enxulumene nezimo ze-neurologic okanye zeengqondo. Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga ne-20-30% yabasindileyo be-stroke abanamava okanye abulia.
Xa i-abulia iziphumo ezivela kwisiganeko esizenzekelayo, njenge-stroke, ingabonakala ngexesha okanye emva kokuhlaziya isifo. Xa iziphumo ze-abulia ezivela kwisifo esiqhubekayo, njengesifo se-Alzheimer okanye isifo sika-Parkinson, sinokudlula ixesha.
Iimpawu
Kukho inani leempawu ze-abulia.
Impawu eziqhelekileyo zinokuquka nayiphi na inhlanganisela yezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Ukunganakwa-ukungabikho komdla okanye ukukhuthazwa ekutholeni izinto okanye ngokujoyina imisebenzi. Andinomdla wokwenza izinto zenziwe. Ubunzima bokuqalisa okanye ukugqiba iiprojekthi okanye imisebenzi ebalulekileyo.
- Ungathandeki kwizinto ezenzekayo okanye ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwimisebenzi okanye kwimicimbi.
- Ukungahambi
- Ukungabikho kwembono okanye ukungabikho kokubonisa izimvo malunga nokukhetha
- Ukungabikho komdla kwabanye abantu, ukungabikho kokusebenzisana nabanye, ukuxinana nabanye, ukuphepha abanye
- Ukuthula okukhulu okanye ukunyaniseka
- Ukuphuculwa komzimba wokuhamba
- Ukungabikho kokuzimela
- Emotionally remote
- Ubunzima ekwenzeni izigqibo okanye izicwangciso, ukungaqiniseki
- Ukufuna ukutya ixesha elide ngaphandle kokugwinya
Izizathu
Umonakalo wobomi okanye ukugula komzimba kungaphazamisana nokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwingqondo, okubangelwa ku-abulia. Ukulimala kwimijikelezo yentsholongwane ye-lobes yangaphambili yengqondo echaphazela inkqubo ye-dopaminergic, kucingelwa ukuba yimbangela ye-abulia. Inkqubo ye-dopaminergic ichaza inkqubo yeekhemikhali eziveliswe kwingqondo ebonisa iimvakalelo ezintle kunye nolwaneliseko. Ngako oko, kunokwenzeka ukuba emva kokuphazamiseka kwengxelo, akukho nto ikhuthaza ukuba uzame ukwenza izinto ezenza umntu 'ajabule.'
Uninzi lwabantu abafumana kwaye babonisa iimpawu ze-abulia baye bafumana enye yeemeko ezilandelayo:
- Stroke
- Isifo sikaHuntington
- Schizophrenia
- Ukulimala kongqondo-ukusuka kwintlungu, umhlaza okanye intsholongwane
- Isifo se-Alzheimer
- Umqondo we-Vascular dementia
- Ukugula komzimba kaLeyy
- Isifo sikaParkinson
- Ukugula komzimba kwangaphambili
Ulwahlukileyo Ukusuka Kuxinzelelo
Ngoxa babelana ngezinto ezifanayo, abulia kunye nokudandatheka akufani. U-Abulia ukhuliswe ngokukodwa kwixinzelelo kuba abantu abahlala ne-abulia ngokuvamile ababonisi iimpawu zokudakumba okanye iingcamango ezimbi. Kunoko, babonisa ukungabikho nkxalabo malunga nemeko yabo okanye ngehlabathi elibajikelezile.
Ukuseka umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini kunye nokufumana ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kubalulekile kuba u-abulia akaphuculanga nemithi yokuxhatshazwayo, ngelixa abantu abanexinzelelo kufuneka balindele ukuba bafumane ukuphuculwa kweempawu ezineengxaki zokuxhatshazwa.
Ukuxilongwa
Usenokuzibuza ukuba unobhiya okanye udandathekile okanye ukuba umhlobo wakho, umhlobo okanye umthandayo unobomi okanye uxinzelelo. Kufuneka uqale ngokufuna unyango ukwenzela ukuba iimpawu kunye nemiqondiso ihlolwe ngokunyanisekileyo.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-abulia kunokuthatha ixesha. U-Abulia ufunyaniswa ngembali yonyango echaza iinkcazo nezenzo zomntu onokuthi ube ne-abulia, kwakunye nembali yokuqwalaselwa okwenziwa ngabahlobo kunye nabathandekayo.
Ugqirha wakho unokubuza imibuzo eyongezelelweyo kwaye wenze i-clinical observation ngexesha lokutyelela iofisi. Kwezinye iimeko ze-abulia, ukucinga ngomfanekiso we- Brain CT okanye i-Brain MRI scan kungabonakalisa izilonda zesifo sengqondo ezifana ne-stroke, enye yezona zimbangela ezibalulekileyo ze-abulia.
Unyango
Kukho unyango lwezonyango olukhoyo kunyango nolawulo lwe-abulia. Amachiza anesiphumo kwi-system dopaminergic system, ephazamiseka kwi-abulia, ibonise imiphumo emihle xa ifika kwimpawu yempawu ze-abulia.
Ukuhlaziywa kwengqondo kunokunceda ekuphuculiseni izakhono zokucinga, ezinokuphucula i-abulia. Ulwaphulo lwezonyango luyakunceda ekusebenzeni umzimba, mhlawumbi ukwandisa izizathu kubantu abachaphazelekayo kule meko. Ukucebisa nokucebisa iintsapho kunokuphucula uxhulumano kunye nokunceda ekujonganeni no-abulia.
> Imithombo:
> Ukunganakwa emva kwesifo, uJorge RE, uStarkstein SE, uRobinson RG. Ngaba iJ Psychiatry. 2010 Juni; 55 (6): 350-4
Ulungiswe nguHeidi Moawad MD