Ngaba uyingxenye yale qela?
I-Autism yintlukwano yembonakalo , oku kuthetha ukuba umntu unokuba yi-autistic encane okanye i-autistic kakhulu, kwaye abantu ngabanye banokuba neempawu ezahlukileyo. Ixesha elibanzi le-autism phenotype lichaza uluhlu olubanzi lwabantu abonakalisa iingxaki ngobuntu, ulwimi, kunye neendlela zokuziphatha zentlalo kwinqanaba elithathwa njengelona lingaphezulu kunomyinge kodwa ngaphantsi kunokuba lunokuhlolwa ngogesi.
Abantu abajongene nemigqaliselo ye-autism phenotype ebanzi bayabonwa ngolu vavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-"Social Responsibility Scale".
Kucatshulwa ukuba abazali abayingxenye ye-autism phenotype ebanzi kakhulu kunokuba abanye abazali babe nezingane ezininzi nge-autism. Ezinye izifundo zibonakala zixhasa le ngqungquthela.
Iimpawu ezinokuthi ziPhakamise Ukuba ne-"Touch" ye-Autism
Ukuxilongwa, iimpawu ze-autism kufuneka ziphazamise ngokupheleleyo amandla omntu wokuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yokuphila kwansuku zonke. Kufuneka ukuba iimpawu kufuneka zibe khona ukususela kwiminyaka yobudala. Ngoko, umzekelo:
Ubunzima bezonxibelelwano loluntu luhlala lukhona kwi-autism. Abantu abaninzi banenkinga yokunxibelelanisa neentlalo ezenza kube nzima ukufumana abahlobo, ukwakha ubudlelwane bokuthandana okanye ukusebenza kakuhle kumaqela. Abantu abane-autism abagcini nje ngabantu, kodwa: banokufumanisa ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba baqokelele kwiindawo zentlalo, bacele kwaye baphendule imibuzo ngokufanelekileyo, okanye basebenzise ulwimi oluthethiweyo.
Ukugqithisa okanye ukungaphenduli kwimpembelelo yecala ngoku i-criterion yokufumanisa i- autism . Abantu abaninzi banemiqobo , kwaye ininzi enkulu inokuthi ixilongwe nge-disorder processing disorder. Uninzi lwabantu abane-autism, nangona kunjalo, aluphelelanga nje ingxolo okanye ukukhanya. Kunoko, banokufumanisa ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuya kwiimabhayisikobho, ukukhwela kwinqanawa, okanye ukuya kwintengiselwano ngenxa yokuphendula kwabo ngokukhawuleza ekukhanyeni nasesandi.
Ngaphandle koko, banokukwazi ukuzinqabisa xa behlanganiswe ngengubo yombethe okanye mhlawumbi "batyunjwe," ukuxumla, njl njl.
Isidingo sokuphindaphinda kunye nokhetho oluqhelekileyo lufakwe kwiinkqubo ze-autism. Abantu abaninzi bathanda ukwenza, bebona, bedla, okanye babukele izinto ezifanayo ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kwaye abaninzi banqwenela ukulandelelana. Kodwa abantu abane-autism, nangona kunjalo, bavule baze bavale umnyango ngokuphindaphindiweyo, balalele ingoma efanayo kunye nezihlandlo ezilishumi ngokulandelanayo, okanye bangenalo umdla ngaphandle komboniso othile okanye umabonwakude. Kananjalo banokukhathazeka kakhulu kwaye baxakeke xa kufuneka ukuba batshintshe izicwangciso okanye bavumelane neemeko ezintsha.
Abantu ababandakanyekayo kwi-Broad Autism Phenotype banayo yonke le mpawu kwinqanaba elincinci. Ngokwenene, banokuba baninzi ngaphezu koontanga lwabo ukuba babe neengxaki zentlalo kunye noluntu, bakhethe ukuphindaphinda kunye nokuziqhelanisa, kwaye 'banomdla' owenza ukuba bagxininise kwindawo eyodwa yentshisekelo.
Indlela i-Broad Autism Phenotype isetyenziswa ngayo
Abantu abahlukeneyo baye bahlakulela imibuzo yokuhlola abantu "BAP." Abantu abasebenzisa le mibuzo babuzwa ukuba bazibekele ngokwezigaba ezi-1-5 kwiingxelo ezinjengale:
- Ndiyathanda ukuhlala kunye nabanye abantu
- Ndikufumana kunzima ukufumana amagama am ngokugqithiseleyo
- Ndikhululekile ngeinguqu ezingalindelekanga kwizicwangciso
- Ndingathanda ukuthetha nabantu ukuze bafumane ulwazi kunokuba bahlali
Izimpendulo zale mibuzo zifaniswa nomgangatho kwaye, ubuncinane kwiingcamango, zinikeza impendulo ngokukhawuleza kumbuzo othi "Ndingumdlali we-autistic?"
Ngelishwa, iziphumo zale mibuzo zemibuzo zihluke ngokubanzi. Ngokwe-Kennedy Krieger Institute, kwiphando elilodwa labazali abanezingane ezizimele:
Abaphandi basebenzisa izixhobo ezintathu zokuhlola ezahlukeneyo. Bafumanisa ukuba ipesenti yabazali baba ne-BAP, kodwa bangaphi abazali abaxhomekeke kwisixhobo esisetyenzisiweyo. Ipesenteji yabazali ne-BAP yayisuka kuma-12 ukuya kweepesenti, kuye kuxhomekeke kuvavanyo.
Yintoni ecacisa le ntlukwano phakathi kwezixhobo zokuhlola? Kungenzeka ukuba elowo ulinganisa ingcamango eyahlukileyo ye-BAP. Enye ingcaciso ingafumaneka kwindlela eyahlolwa ngayo. Olunye uvavanyo lwagqitywa ngumzali ngokwabo, elinye iqabane lakhe kunye neyesithathu ngumphandi.
Imithombo:
ULosh M, Childress D, uLam K, J. J. Piven Ukuchaza iimpawu eziphambili ze-Autism yeFenotype ebanzi: Ukuthelekiswa Kwabazali Bama-Multiple kunye ne-Single-Impidence Family Autism. IJ Med Med Gen B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2008 Juni 5; 147B (4): 424-33.
> USarris, uMarina. Kuthetha ukuthini Ukuba Nento Ephela Ye-Autism? I-Interactive Autism Network kwisiKhungo saseKennedy Krieger. KwiWebhu. Disemba 11, 2014.
> Sasson, NJ, Lam, KSL, Childress, D., Parlier, M., Daniels, JL noPiven, J. I-Autism Pismotype Questionnaire: Ulwahlulo oluPhezulu noLwazi. Autism Res, 2013. 6: 134-143. i-doi: 10.1002 / aur.1272.