Kufuneka uqwalasele izinto ezininzi xa uzama ukucacisa ukuba kutheni unomlenze okhuselayo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, kunokubakho ukutshintsha kwindlela yakho yemihla ngemihla. Kwabanye, kungaba ngumqondiso wesilumkiso sento engathà sina efanelekileyo.
Makhe sijonge iiresi (ukuqiniseka ukuba yiyiphi into eyenziwayo), ezinye zezizathu ezinokwenzeka, kwaye uhlolisise oko kufuneka ukhangele kwesikhumba sakho ukuba unomdla nge- melanoma .
Emva koko, iingxelo ze-melanoma ziphela malunga neepesenti ezingama-5 zeekliniki zesikhumba , kodwa zinoxanduva lokufa komdlavuza wesikhumba.
Ukuqonda iMoles
I-Moles, okanye "nevi" iqheleke kakhulu, kwaye ubuninzi be-moles abuyi kuba yi-melanoma. Zivame ukuphakama kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala yobomi, nangona ezinye zikhona ukusuka ekuzalweni. Ezi i-moles, ezibizwa ngokuba "ne-congenital nevi," zininzi kunokuba i-moles ephuhliswa emva kokuzalwa ukuba ibe yi-melanoma. Oku kuthetha, kubalulekile ukugcina iliso kunoma yikuphi "ukukhula" kwesikhumba sakho, i-mole okanye hayi, kwaye uqaphele nayiphi na utshintsho.
Utshintsho luqhelekile kwi-moles ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye nokukhulelwa, kodwa utshintsho ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka lugcinwe ngokucopheleleyo, kwaye lugqithiswe ngugqirha.
Ama-moles avela kwiiseli zesikhumba ebizwa ngokuthi i-melanocytes, iiseli ezijongene ne-tan esiyifumanayo xa siphumela elangeni. Abanye abantu baneenombolo ezininzi zee-moles, kwaye ezinye zinezinto ezimbalwa kuphela.
Bahlala bebaleka kwiintsapho, ngoko ukuba ngabazali bakho banama-moles amaninzi, unokukwazi ukuba ne-moles ezininzi.
Asazi kakuhle ukuba kutheni ezinye ii-moles zijika umdlavuza xa abanye bengenalo. Izinto ezinobungozi zibandakanya ukukhunjulwa koluhlaza, kuba nenani elikhulu le-moles, ukufumana ukukhanya kwelanga, izinto ezithile zendalo, kunye neengxaki zentsapho ye-melanoma.
Nangona iinguqu zenguqu zenzeke kuphela kwi-1 pesenti ye-melanomas, uphando lubonisa ukuba ukuya kuma-55 ekhulwini lomngcipheko womntu we-melanoma uhambelana nemfuza .
Izizathu ezenzekayo zeMoleki yamaLungu
Kukho isibalo esikhulu sezizathu zokubangela ukuba i-mole ikwazi ukuba yinto enomdla, kwaye umhlaza awukho phezulu kwoluhlu. Ukubetheka kubangelwa ukucaphuka kwamathambo elukhumbeni. Okucaphukisayo kungabangelwa yimichiza esetyenziswe elukhumbeni, ukomileyo kwesikhumba sakho, ukuxubha ngenxa yokutshisa ilanga, kunye nezinye izizathu. Le nzwa, nangona kunjalo, inokubangelwa ziinguqu ngaphakathi kwimilo ngokwayo, kwaye ukuguqula i-moles kufanele siyiqwalasele. Ukuba unomlutha okhuselayo, zibuze le mibuzo:
- Ngaba usebenzisa i-detergent entsha yokuhlamba impahla okanye uhlobo olutsha lwesitampu?
- Ngaba usebenzisa i-lotion yomzimba equlethe iziqholo okanye ezinye iikhemikhali ezinokubangela ulusu lolusu?
- Ngaba uye wazihlambalaza nge-cologne entsha, emva kwesikhova okanye kumzimba?
- Kuthiwani ngemveliso yokutyhulwa kwelanga engasandulanga ukuyisebenzisa?
- Ngaba utyhila kuzo zonke iikhemikhali okanye uchithe emsebenzini?
- Cinga malunga naziphi iimveliso ozisebenzisayo kunye nokuba zingabangela njani ukucaphukisa isikhumba.
- Kwakhona, cinga ukutyhila kuyo nayiphina imveliso yokucoca owusebenzisayo, ekhayeni lakho okanye kwigaraji.
Zonke ezi zinto zinokubangela ukuba kubekho i-mole. Nangona ucinga ukuba unqume isizathu, nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-mole yakho ihlala ihlaziye ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uyihlolisise ngugqirha wakho. Kwezinye iimeko, i-mole ekhuni ingabonakalisa uphawu lwe-melanoma . Ukuba ulungele ukukhangela rhoqo, esinye isizathu sokuba wenze ukuqeshwa. Kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuba kuqeshwe ukuba kuhlolwe.
I-ABCDE Umthetho weCarcer Symptoms
I-mole yintsha okanye isandul 'ukutshintsha kwindlela ebonakala ngayo, efana nokuphakanyiswa, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ihlolwe ngu-dermatologist. Ulawulo lwe-ABCDE lomhlaza wesikhumba, ngumnumzane owanceda abantu bajonge iimpawu ze-moles ezingavamile, kwaye kufanelekile ukuba benze imemori:
- I-Asymmetry: ii- moles eziqhelekileyo okanye ii-freckles zihambelana ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba ufanele udwebe umgca ngebala eliqhelekileyo, uya kuba neesahlulo ezimbini zemizuzu. Kwiimeko zomdlavuza wesikhumba, amabala awayi kujonga efanayo kumacala omabini.
- Umda: Imida okanye imiphetho yelungu leqhekeza okanye elingumhlaza linokungalingani, ukugqithisa okanye ukuphazamiseka.
- Umbala: ii- moles eziqhelekileyo zifana nombala. Iimolesi zibhekwa njengento engavamile xa zingaphezulu kombala omnye okanye umthunzi. Oku kungaquka ukukhanyisa okanye ukumnyama kwe-mole. Oogqirha babhekisela kwi-melanomas ngokuqhelekileyo babe nombala wokubala "obomvu, omhlophe, nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka".
- Ubumba: Ukuba i-mole ikhudlwana kune-penas eraser (malunga ne 1/4 intshi, okanye 6mm), kuthathwa njengesiqhelo. Oku kubandakanya i-moles engenazo ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga (umbala, umngcele, njenge-asymmetry). Oku kubaluleke nakakhulu ukuba kukho i-mole eyenayo ukusuka ekuzalweni.
- Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okanye ukuphakama: Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kubhekisela kuyo nayiphi na utshintsho kwimimetri, imida, imibala kunye nobubanzi be-mole ekhoyo. Ukuphakama kubhekisela kwi-moleyimu eyenza iiprojekthi zingenanto ngaphezu kwesikhumba sakho.
- Ukukhangisa okuhlekisayo: Abanye oogqirha bangezelele enye incwadi eya kulandelelwano ukuchaza into enembile kunokuba ilula. I-Melanomas, xa kuthelekiswa nama-moles aqhelekileyo, zikhangele nje ngezinye izihlandlo ezingavamile. Le yilapho kufuneka ukholose emathunjini akho, kwaye izilwanyana zethu zihlala zichanekile.
Ukutshiza kuyimpawu engenakongezwa kuloluhlu oluneenkxalabo ezithile, njengokuba kuphaphaza okanye kuphuma kwi-mole, okanye indawo ebonakala ngathi iyisiqhelo kodwa ayiphilisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ukongeza ekubambeni, abanye abantu abanomdla we-melanoma abazange bazive bengabonakali, okanye buhlungu, kodwa luhlobo oluthile lokuvakalelwa kwimiba yabo ye-mole kangangokuba abazange bazive ngaphambili.
IMoles vs iMelanoma
Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukuhlukanisa i-moles enemibala kwi-melanoma, kwanezinyanga zamanyango. Iifoto ze-moles kunye ne-melanomas zibonisa indlela ekhohlakeleyo ngayo le nto ingaba yeso elingafundile. Leyo yindlela ekhuselekileyo yokuthetha ukuba nayiphi na i-mole okanye isikhumba sephepha esilungeleyo kuyo yonke into, kufuneka sihlolwe yi- dermatologist . Ikhefu lokunyanga kwe-melanoma likhulu kakhulu xa umhlaza ufunyanwa kwiindawo zokuqala zesifo.
Ukulinganisa Ingozi yakho yeMelanoma
Ukuze uqikelele umngcipheko womntu wokuhlakulela i-melanoma engenayo, ithuluzi lokusebenzisana lenzelwe izazinzulu kwiNational Cancer Institute (NCI), kwiYunivesithi yasePennsylvania, naseYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eSan Francisco. Isixhobo sishicilelwe kwiNcwadi ye-Clinical Oncology kwaye sinceda oogqirha ekuboniseni abantu kwiingozi zokunyuka kwe-melanoma. Ngale ndlela, banokunceda izigulane zabo zicwangcise iindlela zokungenelela ezifanelekileyo.
ILizwi
Kufuneka ukwazi ukuba akuyiyo yonke into engafaniyo okanye i-moles i-burns yingozi. Ukuba unomlenze ongaqhelekanga okanye oqhekezayo, kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe yi-dermatologist. Iliso elingakhange liqeqeshwe alinakukwazi ukuba i-mole iyakwazi ukuba nomhlaza okanye ayikho. Kubalulekile ukuba uhlolisise isikhumba sakho ngenyanga kwaye ube novavanyo lwesikhumba kliniki ngonyaka.
Ngethuba lokuhlolwa kliniki, ugqirha ubonisa ukuba ulusu lukhangele naluphi na uphuhliso olutsha okanye utshintsho kwii-moles ezikhoyo okanye amabala. Khumbula, ukuba ufumana into engavumelekanga, xelela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza kwaye ungalindeli ukuhlolwa konyaka ozayo.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. Indlela yokwenza i-Cancer Cancer. Updated 07/06/17. https://www.cancer.org/latest-news/how-to-spot-skin-cancer.html
> I-Canadian Cancer Society. Iimpawu kunye nezibonakaliso zomdlavuza wesikhumba se-melanoma. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/skin-melanoma/signs-and-symptoms/?region=on