Iimfuno ezizodwa Zakha izakhono zoBantwana
Zininzi iintlobo zamagqirha ezizodwa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana. Ukongezelela ekusebenzeni njengomntwana oqhelekileyo, oogqirha abafuna ukusebenzisana nabantwana banamathuba amaninzi okwenziwa kwintsapho ekhethekileyo.
Ukuba umntwana wakho ufuna unonophelo olukhethekileyo, unokukhangela udokotela wezilwanyana kwi-subspecialty efanelekileyo. Udokotela wakho wezilwanyana unokwenza uhanjiswe okanye ungabhekisha izatifikethi zezingane zakho kwiwebhusayithi ye-American Board yePediatrics.
Indlela yoba Ngumgqirha wezeNzululwazi
Ukuze ube ngutitshala wezonyango, kufuneka umntu azalise iimfuno zokuba ngumntwana wezingane . Emva koko, emva kokuba ezo mfuno zidibene kwaye uqeqesho lokuhlala kwezobugqirha kwizonyango ngokubanzi lugqityiwe ngempumelelo, i-subspecialist yabantwana abaza kubazali kufuneka bazalise inkqubo yoqeqesho lwengcewa eyongezelelweyo kwindawo ekhethekileyo enqwenela ukuyisebenzisa. Ukuqeqeshwa kobudlelwane bezilwanyana ngokuqhelekileyo kubakho iminyaka emithathu ubude.
I-American Board ye-Pediatrics (ABM) inikeza iziqinisekiso zepasiphelo:
- Usulelo lweNtsholongwane
- Cardiology yezilwanyana
- Ukuphathwa kakubi kwabantwana
- Uncedo lwezeMpilo oluPhambili lweMpilo
- Uphuhliso lwezonyango
- Uncedo lweMpilo oluPhezulu lweMpilo
- Endocrinology yabantwana
- Gastroenterology
- I-Hematology-Oncology
- Isibhedlele seMpilo
- Izifo ezithathelwanayo
- Imithi ye-Neonatal-Perinatal
- I-Nephrology yezilwanyana
- Pulmonology yezilwanyana
- I-Rheumatology yezilwanyana
Abaxhasi be-ABM abaxhasi bee-specialist training kunye namanye amabhodi e-American Board of Medical Specialties boards:
- IHlonyeni kunye noPilliative Medicine
- Utyholongwane lwezoNyango
- U kulala kweMithi
- LwezeMidlalo
- I-Hepatology yokuTyhulwa kwezilwanyana
Ngokuqhelekileyo oogqirha bezilwanyana baphela ekupheleni kwezihlomelo zonyango. Ngokomzekelo, ababengabingcali bezonyango bentwana bahlawulelwa umyinge wama-224,000 ngo-2016, ngelixa abo basemagqagqabini bafumana ngaphezulu. Oku kungabangela ukuba ugqirha lwabantwana baqinisekiswe njengengcali. Uluhlu olongezelelweyo luyi-somespecialties ehlawulela phezulu.
Gastroenterology
I- gastroenterologists yezilwanyana (Ped GI) baphatha izimo, izifo, kunye neengxaki zesisu kunye nenkqubo yokugaya abantwana. Oogqirha be-Ped GI bajonga izigulane kwindawo yokubeka iifisi, kodwa benza iinkqubo ezifana neentlobo ezahlukeneyo (endoscopy, njl) kwisibhedlele okanye kwisikhungo sokuhlinzwa.
Iigastroenterologists zonyango ngabagqirha bezobugqirha abaneminyaka emithathu yokuqeqeshwa okongezelelweyo kwintsholongwane yezilwanyana, isifo se-hepatology kunye nesondlo, kubandakanywa uphando lwezokwelapha kunye nokunyanga kweintsana, abantwana kunye nabantwana abanesifo sokugaya, isibindi kunye neengxaki zondlo.
I-gastroenterologists yezilwanyana ziphakathi kweengcali eziphezulu ezihlawulelwayo zezingane, ubuninzi be-$ 100,000 ngonyaka ngaphezu kwezingane.
Ukunakekelwa kweNtsholongwane ebalulekileyo / Intensivist
Unonophelo lwezempilo oluphambili (i-Ped CC) iingcali ziphatha abantwana abasemgangathweni. Abagqirha be-CC be-CC bavame ukusebenza kwisibhedlele kwaye banakekele izigulane ezincinci eziku-ICU (inyunithi yonyango enkulu). La magqirha kufuneka akwazi ukusingatha ukujongana nabantwana abagulayo kakhulu abanokuba besondele ekufeni ngenxa yokugula, ingozi okanye ingozi.
Iingcali zonyango eziphambili zonyango zibonelela ngononophelo olulandelayo kubantwana abagula kakhulu:
- Ukuxilongwa kwabantwana abanesimo esingaqinisekanga, esongela ubomi
- Ukubeka iliso ngokubanzi, amayeza kunye nokunyangwa kwabantwana kwi-PICU
- Ukulawulwa kwabantwana kwiindawo zokuphefumula
- Unyango lwezonyango kubantwana abaneentliziyo ezinzima kunye nesifo seemiphunga
- Ukubekwa kwamathambo ekhethekileyo kwimithambo yegazi kunye nentliziyo
- Ukulawulwa kweyeza kunye nokunyanga kwabantwana abaneengxaki zengqondo
Cardiology yezilwanyana
I-cardiologists yezilwanyana baphatha izifo kunye neemeko zentliziyo kunye nesimo senhliziyo kwizingane. Ukuvavanywa kunye nokunyanga kunokuqala nge-fetus kuba iingxaki zentliziyo ziyakwazi ukufunyanwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa.
Baya kusebenza kwi-ofisi ngokubhekiselele, kodwa banokwenza iinkqubo esibhedlele.
Neurology
Iingcali ze-neurologists zezilwanyana ziphatha izimo kunye nezifo zengqondo kunye neenkqubo zeengqondo kwizingane. Bangaphatha izigulane ezincinci eziye zafumana ukuxinwa, iintloko ezinzima, okanye zihluthe ihlunu, i-Tourette's syndrome, i-autism, i-multiple sclerosis, i-tumor tumors, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, okanye ezinye izinto ezinomdla.
Uncedo lweMpilo oluPhezulu lweMpilo
Iingcali zonyango eziphuthumayo zonyango zonyango ziphatha izigulana kwisibhedlele esiphuthumayo. Baya kubaphatha iimeko ezinxamnye neemeko ezixakekayo ezifana nokuwa, izingozi, izingozi zeemoto, ukutyhelwa ngamathambo, amathambo aphukile, ukutyhelwa kokutya, njl njl.