Uva ezininzi malunga nokutya okuqhelekileyo kokutya , nangona kunjalo, ngaphezu kwezinto ezisibhozo eziphezulu, ukutya okunye kunokubangela ukuba umonakalo owenzayo. Enyanisweni, ngokweMigangatho yokuLawula nokuVimbela (i-CDC), ukutya okungaphezu kwezi-160 kuye kwabangela ukuphazamiseka kokutya, ukubonisa ukuba abaninzi abantu basabela kwizinto ezingaphandle kweendawo zokutya eziqhelekileyo zokutya.
Umnqamlezo
I-Oral allergies syndrome (i-OAS) okanye i-pollen-food food allergies syndrome, yimeko apho iimpendulo ezisemlonyeni nasemqaleni zivela ekudibene ngqo kunye nokutya kumntu oshukumisayo ophefumlelwe ukuphefumula okubangelwa ngumzimba, ukhula okanye utshani pollens.
Olu bumninzi kwiipollen zombini kunye nokutya luhlobene nokufana kweeprotheni ezine-allergen ngaphakathi kwezinto zombini, ezibizwa ngokuba yi- cross-reactivity . Ngamanye amazwi, abantu abane-OAS banomdla wokungcolisa izixhobo ezifakwe kwiimveliso ezihlobene neprotheni ekudleni okubangela iimpawu zabo zomlomo.
I-cross-reactivity iye yabhalwa phakathi kwe-birch impova, i-mugwort impova, i-pollens yengca, i-ragweed kunye noTimoti utshani ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeziqhamo, izityalo kunye nembewu, iinantambo kunye nembewu, kunye nemifuno, imifuno kunye neziqholo. Iipatheni kunye nokuxhaphaka kwe-cross-reactivity ziyahlukahluka kulo lonke ihlabathi, ngenxa yeemeko zendawo kunye neyezulu.
Masiqwalasele ezinye zezidlo eziqhelekileyo ezihlobene ne-OAS:
Apple Allergy
I-Apple yokungabikho komzimba ihambelaniswe ne-OAS, malunga nama-50 ukuya kuma-80% abantu abanomdla wokungcolisa i-birch impova kunye ne-mugwort impova esabela kwi-apula eluhlaza.
Izibonakaliso ze-apula zonyango zihlala ngaphakathi emlonyeni kwaye zenzeke ngaphakathi kwemizuzu emihlanu yokutya ukutya okuphazamisayo kubantu abaninzi ababuhlungu.
Phantse bonke abantu baya kubona iimpawu zingakapheli imizuzu engama-30 yokutya. Iimpawu zihlala zixazulula xa umntu eyeka ukutya i-apula. Ukuphendula okunzulu kunokwenzeka, ngokukodwa xa ukukhukhumeza komlomo kubandakanyeka kuba oku kunokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla.
Citrus Allergy
Izityalo ezinobungozi zingabandakanywa enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo: i-orange, i-grapefruit, imon le-lime. Impendulo ingabelana ukusuka emlonyeni okhuseleyo ukuya kwi -anaphylaxis epheleleyo . Kukho ukucwangcisa phakathi kweziqhamo ze-citrus, ukubonisa ukuba ukungabi nantoni kweso siqhamo sezitrus kunandisa ukwanda kokungabikho komzimba kwezinye izityalo zase-citrus. I-Grass pollens, uTroothy utshani, i-birch impova kunye ne-mugwort impova isenokungena kwizityalo ze-citrus ngenxa ye-protein efanayo.
Bananaerergy
Ukuphendulela kwe-banki kuya kubhanana kuyahluka kwaye kungaquka ukutshiza emlonyeni nasemqaleni, umcibisholo (urticaria), ukuvuvukala (i-angioedema ), kunye ne-wheezing. Iimpawu zihambelana kakhulu nomlomo we-allergies syndrome kunye neempawu ezikhoyo emlonyeni. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iimpawu ziqala ngaphakathi kwemizuzu yokutya isiqhamo.
I-cross-reactivity phakathi kwe-ragweed ne-bananas iyaziwa.
Ukuba unobhanana obunokuthi ungaziphendulela ungasabela njani kwi-latex lateb. I-lateate ikhiqizwa kwintlanzi yomthi we-rubber, equle iiprotheni ezifanayo kulabhanana kunye nezinye ukutya ezifana ne-kiwi ne-avocado.
Spice allergies
UCoriander usentsapho yeziqholo ezibandakanya i-caraway, i-fennel, kunye ne-celery-yonke into edibeneyo neempendulo. I-cinnamon, i-safironi kunye ne-mustard nazo ziye zaphawulwa ngokubangela ukuphendula.
Kuyo yonke ihlabathi, iziqholo ziye zaba ezinye zezifo eziqhelekileyo zokutya. Kubonakala ukuba u-cross-reactivity kwi-birch impova, i-mugwort impova, i-pollens yengca kunye noTimoti utshani yizona ziqhelo eziqhelekileyo.
ICelery Allergy
Ukuxhatshazwa kweselomlilo kuyinto eqhelekileyo kwaye ngoko ke ithathwa njenge-allergen ephezulu. I-cross-reactivity kwi-birch impova kunye ne-mugwort impova, kunye ne-pollens kunye neTimoti ingca.
Ngokomkhankaso we-Anaphylaxis, i-30% ukuya kwi-40% yabantu abaphikisayo bayacetyiswa kwi-celery.
ICoconut Allergy
Ikhontay allergies ayinqabile. Ngokutsho kwe-FDA, ikhonkco ibalwa njengomthi womthi ngenjongo yokubhaliweyo kunye nokukhuselwa kwabathengi. Noko ke, ikhononti ayikho umthi womthi, nangona kunjalo, kwaye abaninzi abantu abanomdla wokutya umthambo bangadla ikhonkco ngaphandle kokuphuma. Nangona bambalwa abantu baya kuba ne-coconut allergies, bekhona. Eli nqaku linikezela ngokuphonononga ngokujulileyo kwintlanethi yekakhukhunathi .
Ukutya kwezilwanyana
Ukutya kwenyama kunokuqhelekanga kodwa abanye abantu banomdla wokutya, inyama yenkomo, imvana, ingulube, neebhokhwe. Ukutya okunomvu obomvu ukunyuka kwenkomo kunye nenyama yengulube inxulumene nekhakiti yokulinywa kwi-Lone Star tick. Le thiza ingafumaneka kwi-Mpuma-mpuma, ukusuka eTexas ukuya eNew England.
Iimpendulo kumyama obomvu zihlala zilibazisekile, zenzeka emva kweeyure ezininzi emva kokutya inyama ebomvu, nangona oku akusoloko kunjalo. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukuncwina, ukuhlanza, kunye nesifo sohudo, ngokugqithisa kakhulu. Ukuphendula kwe-anaphylactic kunokuvela kubantu abasebenzisa emva kokutya inyama ebomvu.
Ukuba uhlakulela uhlobo oluthile lwesinyama, unokuhlakulela olunye uhlobo lwenyama, njengenkukhu. Inani elincinci labantwana abachasene nobisi lingaba luncedo kumzimba.
Ukulibaziseka phakathi kokutya inyama ebomvu kunye neempawu kwenza ukuba uhlolisise inyama ebomvu yokunciphisa imingeni. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abanomzimba obomvu obunzima bokuvavanya baya kuvavanywa kakuhle emva kokuvavanywa kwe-immunoglobulin E.
Latex Allergy
Xa abantu abaxhamla kwi-latex badla ukutya okuqulethe i-antigen efanayo (iiprotheyini enoxanduva lokumelana nokuziphendulela), iimpawu ziyaqhubeka. Oku kuthiwa yi- latex-fruit syndrome . Akunabo bonke abantu abachasayo kwi-latex baya kuba nale mqathango. Ukufikelela kuma-50 ukuya kuma-70% abantu abane-rubber ye-relays yokudlulela kwezilwanyana ezinokuthi bangabonakali kwabanye ukutya, ngakumbi izityalo. Kuqheleke kakhulu ukubona ukusebenta kwe-cross-acactivity ne-avocado, ibhanana, i-cassava, i-chestnut, i-kiwi, i-mango, i-papaya, izithelo zentshiseko, i-tomato, i-turnip, i-zucchini, i-bell pepper, i-celery, i-potato kunye ne-apple. Nangona kunjalo, uvelwano lokutya oluthile luye lwarekhodwa.
Ukuba i-latex-umntu okhuselayo uye wasabela ngokutya, kufuneka aphephe ukutya. Ukuba kukho ukungathandabuzeki, uvavanyo lomngeni lomlomo wokutya kufuneka lwenziwe phantsi kolawulo logqirha.
> Imithombo:
> Ikholeji yaseMerika yaseZimbabwe, i-Asthma, ne-Immunology: http://acaai.org/allergies/types/food-allergies/types-food-allergy/meat-allergy
> Ikholeji yaseMerika yase-Americanergy, i-Asthma, ne-Immunology: http://acaai.org/allergies/types/food-allergies/types-food-allergy/oral-allergy-syndrome
> Anaphylaxis Campaign: http://www.anaphylaxis.org.uk/what-is-anaphylaxis/knowledgebase/oral-allergy-syndromes-factsheet?page=8
> Joneja JV. Isikhokelo seNgcaciso sezeMpilo kwi-Food Allergies and Imolerance.