Unokufunda iLoti kwindlela Umonde ekhangeleka ngayo
Enye yezinto zokuqala ndifundisa abafundi be-paramedic ukujonga izigulane zabo. Ndiyazi ukuba kubonakala ngathi kuyinto encinci, kodwa unokufunda yonke into ngokumamela umbala wesikhumba somntu kunye nokunyumba, izinto ezimbini oza kuzibona xa ungena kwigumbi.
Ubushushu besikhumba bubalulekile. Umbala wesikhumba esithathu, ukushisa, kunye nomswakama-ubizwa ngokubanzi njengempawu zesikhumba.
Kwiimeko ezininzi zexakeka, ulusu linye yezitho zokuqala ukusabela kwisimo esiyingozi.
Umbala wesikhumba
Ikhumba ivela kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. Inokuthi ibe ngumnquma okanye ucoceke. Kungaba mnyama kakhulu okanye phantse kumhlophe. Le mibala eyahlukileyo ivela kwi-pigmentation yefaji (i- melanin ) kwaye ayinanto nto yokwenza ngayo kwiimeko zonyango.
Akuyona umbala we-pigment wesikhumba esixhalabileyo-cinga nje ngeengubo ezingapheliyo zepende-kodwa umbala phantsi kwalo. I-primer, ukuba uya kuthanda. Le ngubo ivela kwigazi elijikelezayo kuma- capillari ( imilambo encinci yegazi eqhutyana nezicubu zesikhumba). Igazi liphuluza le mijelo enobumba enye yesibomvu segazi elibomvu ngexesha.
Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu zinezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi- hemoglobin ezibophelela kwimoji yomoya. I-Hemoglobin iyenziwa ngokutsha ngentsimbi. Ukubonisa isinyithi ukunyuka kunye ne-oksijini kwaye ufumana ntoni? Ukugqithisa. Rust Red .
Njengombumba, i-hemoglobin iyajika ibomvu xa ibophelelwe yomoya-mpilo.
Uninzi lweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezine-oxygen eninzi kwaye ufumana umbala obomvu obanzi. Iingeli ezibomvu zegazi ezigeleza nge-capillaries zinika obomvu kakhulu kwaye zibukeka zibala. Igazi elinomlinganiselo oqhelekileyo weeseli ezibomvu zegazi, kodwa i-oksijeni enganeleyo, ibonakala ingumnyama kwaye ingathi ibonakale ibhakabhaka.
Yiloluhlu lobumnyama obumnyama ukuya elubala ukuya ebomvu obomvu esibujongayo xa sikhetha umbala wesikhumba:
- Ikhumba elibomvu okanye eliluhlaza (i- cyanosis ) libonisa ingxaki nge-oxygen. Batshatile lo mbala nomntu obonakala ngathi akaphefumli ngokwaneleyo okanye ubonakala engenakho ukuphefumla okufutshane, kwaye uyazi ukuba banesifo se-oxygen ( hypoxia ).
- Ikhumba elisiko luphawu lokungcoliswa kwamanzi okanye ukutshatyalaliswa . Kuthetha ukuba umzimba awuvumeli igazi ukuba liqhume yonke indlela kwesikhumba. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba akukho mali okwaneleyo okanye amanzi kule nkqubo kwaye ayilondoloze, umzimba uyawugxotha kumbindi kwaye ungabikho phezulu.
- Ikhumba elikhuphayo libonisa ukuhamba kwegazi okukhulu kwiphepha. Oku kubonisa ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ukugula kwesibindi (umzimba ujikeleza igazi elininzi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uvumele ukushisa), okanye umkhuhlane (ngenxa yezizathu ezifana nokugula kwesibindi).
Akunandaba nokuba i-pigmentation iyini. Abantu abaluhlaza kakhulu babonakala bephukile xa bengenawo uphepha lwegazi ephezulu kwesikhumba. Kwaye abo banesikhumba esilula kakhulu banokuba lukhulu ngakumbi kunokuba unokucinga ukuba kungenzeka xa begula.
Ingqondo yakho iza kuyibona, nangona ungekho ekuqaleni.
Zingaphi izihlandlo ozibonayo osebenza naye ngosuku olubi waza wachaza ukuba wayegula njani? Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kungumbala wegazi eligeleza-okanye ungapheli-phantsi kobuso bakho ubuchopho buyaqaphela.
Uthutho lomzimba
Emva kombala wesikhumba kukunyuka. Lo mhle ulula, ubuncinane kwizinto ezigqithiseleyo. Ikhumba elimnyama liyabonakala ukuba lidaka okanye liziva limanzi kumgca. Ikhumba elomileyo liyabonwa ngokukodwa xa likhahlela.
Isondlo, kungekhona isikhumba, kwaye akusikhethi isikhumba esinomanzi. Ngamanye amaxesha umswakama uphantsi komhlaba. Ukuba ulusu lumile (njengebalaphu, isibonakaliso sokuhamba kwegazi olubi), kunokukhokelela kwintlanzi ephosakeleyo.
I-Turgor yinkxwaba yesikhumba. Yileyo yikhono lokwenza isikhumba ukuze libuyele kwakhona kwisimo sokuqala. Ukuba uthe wanciphisa isikhumba kwaye uhlala ngaloo ndlela xa uvumela ukuhamba (njengodongwe), lomelele kakhulu kwaye luthi lugwebileyo.
Ikhumba elikhukhulayo libizwa ngokuba yi-diaphoresis. Ukuphosa ukuqhuba umsebenzi kulungile, kodwa isikhumba sichazwa ukuba sine-diaphoretic ukuba imanzi ngenxa yesizathu esicacileyo. Esinye isidlaliso se-diaphoresis sishupha esibandayo .
Iqondo loKhusela
Uphawu lokugqibela lesikhumba lubushushu. Le nto idinga ukunxibelelana kwabantu. Kunzima ukuhlola ukushisa kwesikhumba ngokujonga isigulane. Unokuba usenokuthi akunakwenzeka. Lo mqondiso wesikhumba ulungile kwaye ungakhohliswa ngaphandle kokusebenza.
Ukushisa kubonwa ngokuthintela njengokuthelekisa. Ngamanye amazwi, xa izandla zakho zibandayo, zonke izinto ziziva zifudumele. Ngokufanayo, ukuba izandla zakho zifudumele, yonke into (kunye nabanye abantu) iziva ipholile. Ukuba uyayazi kwaye uyazi ukushisa kwakho, ithuluzi eluncedo ngakumbi.
Enye into yokuba ukufudumala kwesikhumba kunokubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba kukho indawo enye yomzimba wesigulane eshushu kunezinye iindawo. Zama ukuqhathanisa ii-apula-kwi-apula, ukuba kunokwenzeka. Ngokomzekelo, akusona uphawu olulungileyo ukuba umlenze omnye ushushu kwi-touch xa uthelekiswa nomnye. Enyanisweni, ngakumbi ngakumbi xa umlenze oshushu usuvuvukile, obomvu, kwaye owomileyo.
Ikhumba elitshatshayo lifana nelikhumba elikhuni; yikhombisi yokuhamba kwegazi ephezulu phezulu. Kwezinye iimeko, kunokubonisa intsholongwane okanye ukugula kweshushu. Isikhumba esithobekileyo sibonisa ukujikeleza okungafanelekanga. Ipholile, isikhumba esimanzi sikhombisa ingxaki ebalulekileyo, ngakumbi xa isigulane sinzima ukuphefumula okanye sibonakala sithintekile okanye singenzi nto.
Ngokuqinisekileyo Ugula NgeSidima
Iiparamedics zifundiswa ukuba zibone xa izigulane zabo zigula kakhulu ekugqibeleni. Umkhwa omuhle onokuba usenayo. Uqeqesho logqirha lubeka zonke iintlobo zezinye izinto ezintloko zethu ezinokuthi zithintele ukusilahla. Kuyinto ebhetele entle oyaziyo ngokukhawuleza xa umntu eofisini wayelala kakhulu kakhulu ebusuku okanye mhlawumbi wehla nomkhuhlane.
Yithemba umthambo wakho, nokuba-okanye ngokukodwa-emva kokuba ufumene uqeqesho oluncinane lwezokwelapha. Ungavumeli ulwazi olongezelelweyo lwenze ukuba ungathandabuzi. Ukuba isigulane sibukeka sigula, unjalo.
> Imithombo:
> Kenefick, R., Sollanek, K., Charkoudian, N., & Sawka, M. (2014). Impembelelo yokushisa kwesikhumba kunye ne-hydration kwiimpendulo zomthamo we-plasma ngexesha lokuzivocavoca. Umbhalo WeePhysics , i- 117 (4), 413-420. i-doi: 10.1152 / japplphysiol.00415.2014
> Popov, T. (2005). Ukuphononongwa kwakhona: ixesha lokugcwalisa i-capillary, i-skinurger engavamile kunye nephethini engavamile yokuphefumula yimiqondiso ewusizo yokufumanisa ukungcoliswa kwemvelo kubantwana. Ubungqina bobuhlengikazi obunikwe ubungqina , 8 (2), 57-57. i-doi: 10.1136 / ibn.8.2.57